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INTRODUCTION: Gingival shade matching, often overlooked, plays an integral role in designing prostheses for patients with high smile lines, gingival defects, and cases where the acrylic flange of removable dentures extends into the aesthetic zone. The purpose of this study was to find the most prevalent gingival shade in a sample of the South Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 110 participants were included in the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The standard daylight method of shade matching was used for this study. The participants were seated in a dental chair in the vertical position with their heads supported, their mouths open, and cheek retractors in place. The study area, gingiva, and vestibular region in relation to maxillary and mandibular right central incisors were dried with a three-way syringe, 15cm away, for 3 seconds before shade matching for 5 seconds at each reference point with an Ivoclar Vivadent IPS Dsign shade guide. CONCLUSION: The most prevalent shade in the marginal and vestibular regions of the gingiva of the South Indian population was found to be GM2 shade, while the most prevalent shade of the attached gingiva was found to be G2 shade. A good percentage of the attached gingival shade was not matched with the tabs available in this shade guide.
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Rehabilitation of maxillofacial defects is an arduous task that involves restoring the form and function of the resected part of the defect. Obturators are the preferred choice of treatment for patients after resection involving the maxilla. Rehabilitation aims to separate the oral and nasal cavity and maintain anatomy while also assisting the patient with mastication, maintaining occlusion, supporting the mandible and facial tissues, and reestablishing speech and esthetics. Following surgery, a prosthetic evaluation is performed in which magnets are attached to the prosthesis to restore function and speech, as well as retention, stability, and quality of life. This case report describes how a hollow bulb obturator was used to treat a partial maxillectomy patient with magnets and clasps for patient rehabilitation.
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Background: Aesthetic correction involves a holistic approach which considers the oral cavity as a whole by the norms of the treatment. Aesthetics enhance the facial profile and also the smile line of the patient which improves the quality of life of a patient enabling them to a better socioeconomic status. Smile correction of a patient paves the path for a systematic approach to the treatment and also imparts an improved level of confidence which leads to new opportunities both in the personal and professional field. AeEsthetic correction provides challenging aspects concerning patient satisfaction and functional demands. This is the most affordable treatment for patients' who are not financially sound in developing countries like India. The other treatment modalities such as Veneers or All-ceramic crowns are aesthetically pleasing but are quite expensive for people in the lower income strata. Due to this, direct composite treatment is very economical and it also improves the patient's overall confidence and it helps them to socialise well and carry out their daily routine activities without any hindrance and difficulty. Case Report: This case report deals with the esthetic correction of midline diastema and spacing in the maxillary and mandibular anterior region. Conclusion: Aesthetic correction involves meticulous treatment planning to revive the essence of lost beauty as well as improve the functional aspect for the patient. Conclusion: Aesthetic correction involves meticulous treatment planning to revive the essence of lost beauty as well as improve the functional aspect for the patient.
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Aging and a long period of edentulousness causes resorption of the maxillary residual ridge, resulting in narrowing of the arch and loss of facial muscle support that leads to the sunken appearance of cheeks. In completely edentulous patients, though the conventional complete denture does offer provision to the muscles encircling the mouth, yet the cheek plumber prosthesis is required to improve the muscle tone. This case report highlights the advantages and the sequential steps required in the indigenous method of fabricating a hollow cheek plumper appliance for a completely edentulous patient with a sunken appearance.
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Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) are used as a valuable adjunct in the treatment of maxillofacial rehabilitation. PRP used along with growth hormone helps in bone healing and tissue regeneration in the areas affected by bone and soft tissue-related defects. It aids not only in faster and better healing of the surgically debrided area but also in regeneration of the bone at a faster rate. This review comprises the applications of PRP and PRF and their uses in various procedures.
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Problem statement and aim The esthetics of the complete denture primarily depend upon the color of the denture teeth; however, there are situations where the teeth are subjected to extrinsic and intrinsic stains and discolor over time. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of smoking and two different denture cleaners on the color stability of the denture teeth. Material and methods Commercially available maxillary anterior teeth made up of acrylic resin were selected for the study and were divided into two groups (n=10): persulfate-free denture cleanser and persulfate containing denture cleansers. The acrylic teeth were set in the smoke chamber with a distance to absorb the smoke equally from the cigarette. The smoke was released for 10 minutes, and the results are observed by the spectrophotometer. Results All the values were collected after the 21st day, and data were analyzed with the SPSS software. It was found that denture cleansers with persulfate are effective on color stability. Conclusions Even though the persulfate containing denture cleansers are injurious to health, they can be recommended to the smokers with clear instructions of use. However, for non-smokers, persulfate-free denture cleansers are preferred over the persulfate containing denture cleansers.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to establish the level of denture satisfaction with socio-demographic variables and educational status of the patients rehabilitated with complete denture. Materials and method A total number of 250 completely edentulous patients were selected who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients had no past medical history which affects the oral condition; they were first-time denture wearers with period of edentulousness altering between six months to one year and were in the age group of 40-50 years, and were willingly involved in the study. The subjects were grouped according to their socioeconomic status such as employment, education and income level. The correlations were statistically determined using regression analysis. Results Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA), version 16.0. The significance of percentage error of the two groups was tested by Student t test and p value denoted level of significance (p<.05). Based on the education level, 30.47% of the population were under primary level of education, 57.82% completed higher secondary education and 11.72% of the population were graduates. Based on employment status, 53.12% of the population was unemployed, 32.03% were employed while 14.84% of the population were pensioners. Based on income per month, the population was classified as 6.25%, 31.25%, 21.09%, 22.66%, 18.75% for no income, less than 3000, 5000, 8000 and more than 10000 respectively. Psychological comfort, social ability, and functional improvement was better with higher secondary education level, employed and lower income individuals. Conclusion Rehabilitation of an elderly individual not only includes clinician skills but also the personal perception by the patient. The study concludes that the though there was no statistically significant difference, the individual with secondary level of education and with employed low socioeconomic status had better denture satisfaction than the other category.
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Shallow vestibule has long been considered a deterring factor in the use of removable dental prosthetics. The need for management in fixed prosthetic replacement is not widely discussed. Adequate attached gingiva is essential for continued proper oral hygiene. Muscular and fibrous traction leads to gingival recession, which can cause marginal leakage in a fixed prosthetic restoration. In the long-term, this causes the suprastructure to fail and, ultimately, the restoration also fails. Therefore, shallow vestibule with reduced attached gingiva should be identified in the diagnostic stage and should be effectively managed prior to restoration of lost tooth structure. This case report discusses the management of a shallow vestibule in a LeFort I fracture with emphasis on a fixed prosthetic replacement.
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Purpose Different socio-demographic variables, such as age, gender, and systemic disease, may affect satisfaction with complete dentures. Several studies have failed to show strong correlations either between patient satisfaction with their dentures and their quality or between denture satisfaction and the quality of the denture-supporting tissues. Hence, this study utilized a standardized questionnaire that included questions from domains such as mastication, appearance, speech, comfort, health, denture care, and social status. These questionnaires were used to determine the level of complete denture satisfaction along with socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, and systemic condition. Materials and method A total number of 128 completely edentulous patients aged between 40 and 50 years were selected. A standardized questionnaire, with 19 questions based on denture satisfaction level and masticatory capacity in the domains of functional limitation (FL), psychological discomfort (D1), psychological disability (D2), and social disability (D3), was administered. All the questions were recorded on a scale of 2, 1, 0 based on satisfied, moderately satisfied, and not satisfied, whereas hardly ever, occasionally, and very often were used for masticatory capacity. Questions on denture satisfaction were asked based on the post-treatment satisfaction with the new maxillary/mandibular complete dentures of the patients. Results Based on gender, the distribution of samples was 46.09% for male patients and 53.91% for female patients among the 128 patients selected. Similarly, based on systemic diseases, 66.41% had the presence of systemic disease while 28.13% did not have any systemic disease. Around 5.47% of the sample did not have any medical records. The predominance of psychological satisfaction was more for female patients. Based on systemic disease, it was observed that patients with the presence of systemic disease (Pn) were more psychologically comfortable than those who did not have systemic disease. The predominance of functional satisfaction was not marked in both genders. Based on systemic disease, it was observed that patients with the presence of systemic disease (Pn) had less functional comfort on mastication than those who did not have a systemic disease. Conclusion The acceptance of and satisfaction with complete denture treatment were comparatively higher in patients who had a systemic disease than in those with a non-systemic disease in terms of psychological and social comfort, whereas, in functionality, patients with a non-systemic disease had a higher satisfaction level.
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AIM: This study evaluated the relationship between missing posterior teeth and body mass index with regard to age and socioeconomic state in a sample of the suburban south Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 500 individuals of both males and females aged 40 years and older with missing posterior teeth and not rehabilitated with any prosthesis were gone through a clinical history, intraoral examination, and anthropometric measurement to get information regarding age, sex, socioeconomic status, missing posterior teeth, and body mass index (BMI). Subjects were divided into five groups according to BMI (underweight > 18.5 kg/m2, normal weight 18.5-23 kg/m2, overweight 23-25 kg/m2, obese without surgery 25-32.5 kg/m2, obese with surgery < 32.5 kg/m2). Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust data according to age, sex, number of missing posterior teeth, and socioeconomic status. RESULTS: People with a higher number of tooth loss were more obese. Females with high tooth loss were found to be more obese than male. Low socioeconomic group obese female had significantly higher tooth loss than any other group. No significant relation between age and obesity was found with regard to tooth loss. CONCLUSION: The BMI and tooth loss are interrelated. Management of obesity and tooth loss can help to maintain the overall health status.
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Interdisciplinary prosthodontics goes beyond our imagination into fields that have a direct effect on our total body health and quality of life. Removal of an eye has a detrimental effect on the psychology of the patient. Enucleation involves removal of the eyeball proper and leads to an enophthalmic socket with a shrunken eye, which has a crippling effect on patient's emotional and social life. Custom-made eye prosthesis simulates the characteristics of the companion eye and helps in restoring the normal facial appearance. Restoration of saccadic eye movements occurring during speech is desirable because this greatly contributes to a normal facial expression. This can be achieved by an orbital implant, which helps in orbital volume replacement and restoration of prosthesis movement and comfort. This article describes prosthodontic rehabilitation of enucleated eye sockets with orbital implants for two patients.
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Mucormycosis is a fulminant fungal infection that occurs most often in diabetic and immunocompromised patients, including those with hematologic malignancies. Patients with maxillary resections present a challenge situation for the maxillofacial prosthodontist. Prosthodontic rehabilitation of such patients presents a significant challenge in restoring speech, deglutition and mastication, and respiration. This report discusses the impact of post-surgical management of mucormycosis patient with prosthodontic treatment and evaluating the oral health-related quality of life using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire.
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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the occurrence of various missing teeth pattern among the partial edentulous patients residing in Chennai who are undergoing treatment for the replacement of missing teeth in the Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Ramachandra University Chennai, India. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Study was undertaken from January 2014 to October 2014, and the design was a descriptive cross-sectional study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five hundred and sixty-one persons aged between 13 and 87 years (267 males and 294 females) were selected, intraoral examination was done visually and results were recorded on specially designed clinical examination forms. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data were analyzed using statistics SPSS 19.0 version (IBM India Private Limited Bangalore) to investigate the relationship between quantitative variables. RESULTS: The results showed the patients with Kennedy's Class III were found to be the most prevalent among all the groups (55%). The most common modification in all the groups was Class III modification I (26%). It was also found that Kennedy's Class III was founded more in the age group of 31-40 with 54.4% in the maxillary arch and 47.2% in the mandibular arch. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that the Kennedy's Class III was the most commonly occurring and were found to be more predominant in the younger group of population.
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Esthetic demands have considerably increased over the years in routine clinical practice. A pleasant smile can give supreme confidence to an individuals personality. However, a perfect smile is dictated by a perfect balance of the white (teeth) and pink (gingival) display. This balance can be managed different treatment modalities, which is based on proper diagnosis. This case report demonstrates a successful management of gummy smile with a lip-repositioning procedure in a patient with an incompetent upper lip. This was accomplished by removing a partial thickness strip of mucosa from the maxillary buccal vestibule and suturing the lip mucosa to the mucogingival line. This resulted in a narrower vestibule and restricted muscle pull, thereby resulting incompetent lips and reduced gingival display during smiling.
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A 29-year-old male patient reported for replacement of missing teeth. The patient gave history of unerupted right lower posterior teeth and the orthopantomogram revealed transmigrated mandibular second molar to the inferior border of mandible just below the root apices of second premolar associated with enostosis distally toward the ramus of mandible with size of about 21 mm Χ 20 mm. This rare interosseous defect plays a vital role in deciding prosthetic treatment options for missing teeth and utmost care should be taken to preserve the health of the patient during such procedures.
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We selected 254 subjects between the ages of 18 and 30 yr to assess the ear position, angulations of the ear in relation to the nose, visibility from the frontal view, and dimensions of the ear by using various anthropometric points of the face. Subjects were divided into four groups based on facial form. A reference plane indicator, facial topographical measurements, metal ruler, and digital photography were used. While considering the position of the ear, in all facial forms except square tapering, the most samples showed a tendency for the subaurale being in line with subnasale. Regression analysis showed a tendency to gnathion distance is the most dependent variable with length of the ear kept as a constant predictor, while both interalar distance and exocanthion to endocanthion distance correlate highly significantly to the width of the ear. In all subjects, the visibility of the ear when viewed from the front was an average of 1.5 mm. Regardless of facial form, ear angulation was generally less than nose angulation.