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Multiple cardiovascular risk factors are directly related to the severity of atherosclerosis, even in children and adolescents. In this context accurate assessment of risk factors at the individual level play a decisive role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, the frequency of their coexistence in individuals, and identify possible determinants associated with this coexistence in Brazilian adolescents. A cross-sectional study with 1170 students (12-17 years) from public and private schools of a large city was conducted. In addition to family history, modifiable cardiovascular risk factors were assessed including: tobacco use, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, overweight/obesity, increased waist circumference, and high blood pressure (office and home). We built a linear regression model to identify determinants associated with increasing number of modifiable risk factors. Mean study population age was 14.7±1.6 years, 67% were enrolled in public schools and 33% in private ones. The majority of the adolescents had at least two risk factors (68.9%), more than 10% had more than 4 risk factors, and in only 6.7% of the sample no risk factor was identified. Family history of CVD (ß-coefficient = 1.20; 95%CI 1.07-1.34; p<0.001), increasing age (ß-coefficient = 0.08; 95%CI 0.04-0.11; p<0.001), and being enrolled in private schools (ß-coefficient = 0.16; 95%CI 0.02-0.30; p = 0.023) were directly associated with the modifiable CV risk factors. In conclusion, the prevalence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors was high in the population of adolescents studied. School based interventions should be addressed to change this scenario.

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PURPOSE: Population-based studies estimating prevalence's of white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension in non-European adolescents are needed, particularly in developing countries. Aiming to determine these estimates and, additionally identify factors associated to these conditions this study was conducted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a representative sample of secondary school students from a Brazilian state capital. Office measurements were performed with validated semi-automatic devices. Home BP (blood pressure) monitoring protocol included two day-time and two evening-time measurements over 6 days. Adolescents' were classified as: normotensives (office and home BP <95th percentile); sustained hypertensives (office and home BP ≥95th percentile); white-coat hypertensives (office BP ≥95th percentile and home BP <95th percentile) and masked hypertensives (office BP <95th percentile and home BP ≥95th percentile). Logistic regression models were built to identify if sex, age, BMI and family history of HTN were independently associated with white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension. RESULTS: In a sample of 1024 adolescents, prevalence of white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension was 7.5%, 2.2% and 1.7%, respectively. Male sex was positively associated with white-coat hypertension (OR 2.68; 95%CI 1.58-4.54; p < 0.001). BMI was positively associated with both white-coat (OR 1.23; 95%CI 1.16-1.30; p < 0.001) and sustained hypertension (OR 1.19; 95%CI 1.11-1.29; p < 0.001). None of the independent variables were associated with masked hypertension in this population. CONCLUSION: The estimated prevalence of white-coat hypertension, masked and sustained hypertension in a population of non-European adolescents assessed by home BP monitoring was 7.5%, 2.2% and 1.7% respectively. Male sex was positively associated with white-coat hypertension in these adolescents while BMI was positively associated with both white-coat and sustained hypertension.

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Abstract Background: Regional differences of using home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) as an alternative to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in hypertensive adolescents are unknown. Objectives: Define if HBPM is an option to confirm diagnoses of hypertension in adolescents from a Brazilian capital with elevated office blood pressure (BP). Methods: Adolescents (12-18years) from public and private schools with BP > 90th percentile were studied to compare and evaluate the agreement among office BP measurements, HBPM and ambulatory BP monitoring. Office BP measurements, HBPM and ABPM were performed according to guidelines recommendations. Semi-automatic devices were used for BP measurements. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: We included 133 predominantly males (63.2%) adolescents with a mean age of 15±1.6 years. HBPM systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure mean values were similar to the daytime ABPM values (120.3 ± 12.6 mmHg x 121.5 ± 9.8 mmHg - p = 0.111 and 69.4 ± 7.7 mmHg x 70.2 ± 6.6 mmHg - p = 0.139) and lower than the office measurement values (127.3 ± 13.8 mmHg over 74.4 ± 9.5 mmHg - p < 0,001). The Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement between HBPM and ABPM. Conclusions: HBPM is an option to confirm diagnoses of hypertension in adolescents from a Brazilian state capital with elevated office BP and can be used as an alternative to ABPM.

Resumo Fundamentos: São desconhecidas as diferenças regionais na utilização da monitorização residencial da pressão arterial (MRPA) como alternativa à monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial (MAPA) em adolescentes hipertensos. Objetivos: Definir se MRPA é uma opção para confirmar diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial em adolescentes de uma capital brasileira com pressão arterial (PA) elevada. Métodos: Adolescentes (12-18 anos) de escolas públicas e privadas com percentil de PA > 90 foram estudados para comparar e avaliar a concordância entre as medidas de PA, MRPA e MAPA. As medidas de PA de consultório, MRPA e MAPA foram realizadas de acordo com as recomendações das diretrizes. Foram utilizados dispositivos semiautomáticos para medições de PA. Valores de p <0,05 foram considerados significativos. Resultados: Foram incluídos 133 adolescentes predominantemente do sexo masculino (63,2%) com idade média de 15 ± 1,6 anos. Os valores médios da pressão arterial sistólica e pressão arterial diastólica da MRPA foram semelhantes aos valores de MAPA diurnos (120,3 ± 12,6 mmHg x 121,5 ± 9,8 mmHg - p = 0,111 e 69,4 ± 7,7 mmHg x 70,2 ± 6,6 mmHg - p = 0,139) e inferiores aos valores de consultório (127,3 ± 13,8 mmHg por 74,4 ± 9,5 mmHg - p < 0,001). Os gráficos de Bland-Altman mostraram boa concordância entre MRPA e MAPA. Conclusões: MRPA é uma opção para confirmar diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial em adolescentes de uma capital brasileira com PA de consultório elevada e pode ser usada como alternativa à MAPA.

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OBJECTIVE:: To evaluate the prevalence of overweight in adolescents and its associated factors. METHODS:: A cross-sectional study in public and private schools in Goiania, Brazil. Socioeconomic status, family history of obesity, lifestyle, blood pressure and Body Mass Index were studied in a sample of 1,169 Brazilian youth aged 12 - 18 years, who attended public and private schools. Data were obtained from a questionnaire and anthropometric measurements previously tested in a pilot study. Poisson regression was used to estimate the prevalence of overweight, prevalence ratios and associations with the other factors. RESULTS:: The prevalence of overweight was 21.2%, with a significant difference between boys and girls (26.3 and 16.8% respectively). Regression analysis showed that maternal obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of overweight in boys (PR = 1.86; p = 0.004), and boys aged 15 - 18 years had a lower prevalence of overweight than boys aged 12 - 14 years (PR = 0.70; p = 0.021). Among the girls, the presence of obese parents was associated with higher prevalence of overweight (PR = 2.42; p < 0.001), and the girls from a C class socioeconomic position were negatively associated with overweight (PR = 0.67; p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS:: Overweight in adolescence is associated with gender, obesity family history, and socioeconomic position. These data should be considered when planning intervention programs.

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BACKGROUND: Regional differences of using home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) as an alternative to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in hypertensive adolescents are unknown. OBJECTIVES: Define if HBPM is an option to confirm diagnoses of hypertension in adolescents from a Brazilian capital with elevated office blood pressure (BP). METHODS: Adolescents (12-18years) from public and private schools with BP > 90th percentile were studied to compare and evaluate the agreement among office BP measurements, HBPM and ambulatory BP monitoring. Office BP measurements, HBPM and ABPM were performed according to guidelines recommendations. Semi-automatic devices were used for BP measurements. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: We included 133 predominantly males (63.2%) adolescents with a mean age of 15±1.6 years. HBPM systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure mean values were similar to the daytime ABPM values (120.3 ± 12.6 mmHg x 121.5 ± 9.8 mmHg - p = 0.111 and 69.4 ± 7.7 mmHg x 70.2 ± 6.6 mmHg - p = 0.139) and lower than the office measurement values (127.3 ± 13.8 mmHg over 74.4 ± 9.5 mmHg - p < 0,001). The Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement between HBPM and ABPM. CONCLUSIONS: HBPM is an option to confirm diagnoses of hypertension in adolescents from a Brazilian state capital with elevated office BP and can be used as an alternative to ABPM.

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RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de excesso de peso (EP) e fatores associados em adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em escolas públicas e privadas de Goiânia (GO). Foram analisados adolescentes de 12 a 18 anos (n = 1.169) por meio de questionário padronizado. A prevalência de EP foi avaliada pelas curvas de crescimento da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) por idade. As associações entre as variáveis sociodemográficas, de antecedentes familiares de obesidade, de estilo de vida e de pressão arterial com o EP foram analisadas por intermédio da razão de prevalência bruta e ajustada por meio da regressão múltipla de Poisson. Resultados: A prevalência de EP foi de 21,2%, sendo 14,1% de sobrepeso e 7,1% de obesidade, com diferenças significativas entre gêneros (26,3% dos rapazes versus 16,8% das moças). Na análise de Poisson, a obesidade materna (RP = 1,86; p = 0,004) foi associada com a maior prevalência de EP no sexo masculino, e aqueles com idade entre 15 e 18 anos tiveram menor prevalência de EP quando comparados àqueles com idade entre 12 e 14 anos (RP = 0,70; p = 0,021). No sexo feminino, a presença de pais obesos (RP = 2,42; p < 0,001) associou-se a maior prevalência de EP, e as moças pertencentes à classe C tiveram menor prevalência de EP (RP = 0,67; p = 0,035). Conclusões: O EP em adolescentes esteve associado ao gênero, à obesidade familiar, e a melhor classificação socioeconômica - fatores que devem ser o foco do planejamento de intervenções específicas na promoção da saúde.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of overweight in adolescents and its associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study in public and private schools in Goiania, Brazil. Socioeconomic status, family history of obesity, lifestyle, blood pressure and Body Mass Index were studied in a sample of 1,169 Brazilian youth aged 12 - 18 years, who attended public and private schools. Data were obtained from a questionnaire and anthropometric measurements previously tested in a pilot study. Poisson regression was used to estimate the prevalence of overweight, prevalence ratios and associations with the other factors. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 21.2%, with a significant difference between boys and girls (26.3 and 16.8% respectively). Regression analysis showed that maternal obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of overweight in boys (PR = 1.86; p = 0.004), and boys aged 15 - 18 years had a lower prevalence of overweight than boys aged 12 - 14 years (PR = 0.70; p = 0.021). Among the girls, the presence of obese parents was associated with higher prevalence of overweight (PR = 2.42; p < 0.001), and the girls from a C class socioeconomic position were negatively associated with overweight (PR = 0.67; p = 0.035). Conclusions: Overweight in adolescence is associated with gender, obesity family history, and socioeconomic position. These data should be considered when planning intervention programs.

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PURPOSE: Compare multiple in office BP measurements in adolescents using an oscillometric device with out-of-office blood pressure measurements (home blood pressure monitoring - HBPM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Office measurements were performed with validated semi-automatic devices twice (3 minutes interval) in two different moments (1 week apart), with a total of four readings. These BP readings were named R1, R2, R3 and R4 (following the sequence they were performed), FDM (mean of two readings on first day) and SDM (mean of two readings on second day) and SRM (R2-R4 means). The HBPM protocol included two day-time and two evening-time measurements over 6 days. RESULTS: A total of 1024 students between 12 and 17 years were included (mean age 14.68 years; 52.4% females). The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) values of R2, SDM and SRM were similar to HBPM values. Regarding diastolic blood pressure (DBP) HBPM value was different than R4. High SBP and DBP correlation coefficients with HBPM values were found for R2, SDM and SRM values. CONCLUSION: The second office BP measurement performed with an oscilometric device in adolescents was comparable to HBPM values, suggesting that two office readings might be suitable to rule out hypertension in this age group.

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BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a transition stage between childhood and adulthood and is an important phase for the acquisition of future lifestyles, including the practice of physical activity (PA). The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle in adolescents is often high, creating the need for studies addressing the practice of PA and its associated factors for a better understanding of the phenomenon and possible interventions that would encourage positive changes. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of students aged 14-18 years enrolled in both public and private schools of a large Brazilian city to determine the level of physical activity (PA) and its associated factors. Sedentary lifestyle was measured by applying the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The independent variables were gender, age, race, tobacco use and alcohol consumption in the past 30 days, socioeconomic status, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure. The crude prevalence ratio was used as a measure of association and was estimated from a Poisson regression. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 862 adolescents with a mean age of 15.4 ± 1.1 years. Females were predominant (52.8%), and the age between 14 and 15 years was the most frequent (52.2%). The majority of the group reported themselves as Caucasians (51.2%), belonging to socioeconomic class C (52.5%) and were attending to public schools (69.1%). The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle was 66.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 63.5-69.9), where values of 65.4% and 69.9% were observed among students from public and private schools, respectively (p = 0.196). Sedentary lifestyle was more frequent in females (78.0% vs 54.3%; p < 0.001). The factor directly associated with sedentary lifestyle was female gender both in public and private schools and the only independent variable related to sedentarism was also female gender. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle was extremely high in the population of adolescents studied both in public and private schools. Female sex was directly associated with sedentary lifestyle.

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Abstract Background: Blood pressure is directly related to body mass index, and individuals with increased waist circumference have higher risk of developing hypertension, insulin resistance, and other metabolic changes, since adolescence. Objective: to evaluate the correlation of blood pressure with insulin resistance, waist circumference and body mass index in adolescents. Methods: Cross-section study on a representative sample of adolescent students. One group of adolescents with altered blood pressure detected by casual blood pressure and/or home blood pressure monitoring (blood pressure > 90th percentile) and one group of normotensive adolescents were studied. Body mass index, waist circumference were measured, and fasting glucose and plasma insulin levels were determined, using the HOMA-IR index to identify insulin resistance. Results: A total of 162 adolescents (35 with normal blood pressure and 127 with altered blood pressure) were studied; 61% (n = 99) of them were boys and the mean age was 14.9 ± 1.62 years. Thirty-eight (23.5%) adolescents had altered HOMA-IR. The group with altered blood pressure had higher values of waist circumference, body mass index and HOMA-IR (p<0.05). Waist circumference was higher among boys in both groups (p<0.05) and girls with altered blood pressure had higher HOMA-IR than boys (p<0.05). There was a significant moderate correlation between body mass index and HOMA-IR in the group with altered blood pressure (ρ = 0.394; p < 0.001), and such correlation was stronger than in the normotensive group. There was also a significant moderate correlation between waist circumference and HOMA-IR in both groups (ρ = 0.345; p < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that HOMA-IR was as predictor of altered blood pressure (odds ratio - OR = 2.0; p = 0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant association of insulin resistance with blood pressure and the impact of insulin resistance on blood pressure since childhood. The correlation and association between markers of cardiovascular diseases was more pronounced in adolescents with altered blood pressure, suggesting that primary prevention strategies for cardiovascular risk factors should be early implemented in childhood and adolescence.

Resumo Fundamentos: A pressão arterial (PA) está diretamente relacionada com o índice de massa corporal (IMC), e indivíduos com circunferência da cintura (CC) aumentada apresentam risco maior de desenvolver hipertensão arterial e resistência à insulina, além de outras alterações metabólicas, desde a adolescência. Objetivos: Avaliar a correlação entre resistência à insulina, CC e IMC com PA de adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de adolescentes escolares. Foram avaliados um grupo com PA alterada pela medida casual e/ou medida residencial da PA (percentil de PA > 90) e outro com PA normal. Foram também avaliados IMC e CC. Glicemia de jejum e insulina plasmática foram dosados utilizando o índice de HOMA-IR para resistência à insulina. Resultados: Foram estudados 162 adolescentes (35 no Grupo PA normal e 127 no Grupo PA alterada); 61,1% (n = 99) deles eram meninos, e a idade média foi 14,9 ± 1,62 anos. Foram observados 38 adolescentes (23,5%) com HOMA-IR alterado. Os adolescentes com PA alterada apresentaram valores maiores de CC, IMC e HOMA-IR (p < 0,05). A CC foi superior nos meninos dos dois grupos (p < 0,05) e só no Grupo PA alterada foram observados valores de HOMA-IR superiores entre meninas (p < 0,05). A correlação entre IMC e HOMA-IR no Grupo PA alterada foi moderada e significativa (ρ = 0,394; p < 0,001) e superior ao encontrado no Grupo PA normal. A correlação entre CC e HOMA-IR também foi significativa, moderada e semelhante em ambos os grupos (ρ = 0,345; p = < 0,05). Pela regressão logística, HOMA-IR foi preditor de alteração da PA (odds ratio - OR = 2,0; p = 0,001). Conclusões: Houve associação significativa entre resistência à insulina e PA com impacto desde a infância. A correlação e a associação entre os marcadores de risco cardiovasculares mais forte no Grupo PA alterada sugere que medidas de prevenção primária desses fatores de risco devem ser implementadas precocemente.

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BACKGROUND: Blood pressure is directly related to body mass index, and individuals with increased waist circumference have higher risk of developing hypertension, insulin resistance, and other metabolic changes, since adolescence. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the correlation of blood pressure with insulin resistance, waist circumference and body mass index in adolescents. METHODS: Cross-section study on a representative sample of adolescent students. One group of adolescents with altered blood pressure detected by casual blood pressure and/or home blood pressure monitoring (blood pressure > 90th percentile) and one group of normotensive adolescents were studied. Body mass index, waist circumference were measured, and fasting glucose and plasma insulin levels were determined, using the HOMA-IR index to identify insulin resistance. RESULTS: A total of 162 adolescents (35 with normal blood pressure and 127 with altered blood pressure) were studied; 61% (n = 99) of them were boys and the mean age was 14.9 ± 1.62 years. Thirty-eight (23.5%) adolescents had altered HOMA-IR. The group with altered blood pressure had higher values of waist circumference, body mass index and HOMA-IR (p<0.05). Waist circumference was higher among boys in both groups (p<0.05) and girls with altered blood pressure had higher HOMA-IR than boys (p<0.05). There was a significant moderate correlation between body mass index and HOMA-IR in the group with altered blood pressure (ρ = 0.394; p < 0.001), and such correlation was stronger than in the normotensive group. There was also a significant moderate correlation between waist circumference and HOMA-IR in both groups (ρ = 0.345; p < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that HOMA-IR was as predictor of altered blood pressure (odds ratio - OR = 2.0; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: There was a significant association of insulin resistance with blood pressure and the impact of insulin resistance on blood pressure since childhood. The correlation and association between markers of cardiovascular diseases was more pronounced in adolescents with altered blood pressure, suggesting that primary prevention strategies for cardiovascular risk factors should be early implemented in childhood and adolescence.

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FUNDAMENTO: A hipertensão arterial (HA) é um problema de saúde que atinge um grande número de hipertensos não diagnosticados ou não tratados adequadamente e que possui um alto índice de abandono ao tratamento. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência da HA e sua correlação com alguns fatores de risco cardiovasculares na população adulta de Firminópolis-GO. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal com base populacional, amostra aleatória simples (> 18 anos): questionários padronizados com medidas de pressão arterial (critério de HA > 140 x 90 mmHg), peso, altura, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e circunferência da cintura (CC). Dados armazenados (Microsoft Acess) e analisados pelo Epi-info. RESULTADOS: Investigados 1.168 indivíduos, com predomínio de mulheres. Sexo feminino - 63,2 por cento com média de idade entre 43,2 ± 14,9 anos. Prevalência de sobrepeso em 33,7 por cento e obesidade em 16,0 por cento dos indivíduos. Prevalência de CC alterada em 51,8 por cento e de tabagismo em 23,2 por cento. Sedentarismo no trabalho e no lazer presente em 67,6 por cento e em 64,8 por cento dos indivíduos, respectivamente, com proporção maior entre as mulheres. Etilismo em 33,3 por cento da amostra. A prevalência de HA foi de 32,7 por cento, em maior número entre os homens (35,8 por cento) do que entre as mulheres (30,9 por cento). Encontrada correlação positiva da HA com IMC, CC e faixa etária. Correlação negativa de HA e escolaridade, com 18,2 por cento de hipertensos com nove anos ou mais de estudo. CONCLUSÃO: Encontrada alta prevalência de HA, excesso de peso e CC. O sexo feminino representou fator de proteção para o risco de HA. Encontradas correlação positiva da HA com IMC, CC, e faixa etária e correlação negativa com escolaridade.

BACKGROUND: Arterial hypertension (AH) is a health problem that affects a large number of undiagnosed or inadequately treated hypertensive individuals and presents a high rate of treatment nonadherence. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of AH and its correlation with some cardiovascular risk factors among the adult population of the town of Firminopolis, state of Goiás, Brazil. METHODS: Descriptive, observational and cross-sectional population-based study of a simple random sample (age > 18 years): standardized questionnaires with blood pressure (BP) measurements (AH criterion: BP > 140 x 90 mmHg), weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Data were stored (Microsoft Access) and analyzed using Epi-info software. RESULTS: We evaluated 1,168 individuals, with a predominance of the female sex - 63.2 percent and a mean age of 43.2 ± 14.9 years. There was a prevalence of overweight in 33.7 percent of the individuals and obesity in 16.0 percent of the individuals. There was a prevalence of altered WC in 51.8 percent demand of smoking in 23.2 percent. A sedentary life style at work and leisure activities was present in 67.6 percent and 64.8 percent of the individuals, respectively, with a higher proportion seen among the women. Alcohol consumption was observed in 33.3 percent of the sample. The prevalence of AH was 32.7 percent, higher among the men (35.8 percent) than among the women (30.9 percent). A positive correlation with AH was identified with BMI, WC and age range. A negative correlation was observed between AH and level of schooling, with 18.2 percent of hypertensive individuals with 9 or more years of schooling. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of AH, overweight and WC alteration was identified. The female sex represented a protective factor for the risk of AH. A positive correlation was found between AH and BMI, WC and age range; a negative correlation was identified between AH and level of schooling.

FUNDAMENTO: La hipertensión arterial (HA) es un problema de salud que alcanza a un gran número de hipertensos no diagnosticados o no tratados adecuadamente y que posee un alto índice de abandono del tratamiento. OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de la HA y su correlación con algunos factores de riesgos cardiovasculares en la población adulta de Firminópolis-GO. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal con base poblacional, muestra aleatoria simple (>18 años): cuestionarios estandarizados con medidas de presión arterial (criterio de HA > 140 x 90 mmHg), peso, altura, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y circunferencia de la cintura (CC). Datos almacenados (Microsoft Acess) y analizados por el Epi-info. RESULTADOS: Investigados 1.168 individuos, con predominio de mujeres. Sexo femenino (63,2 por ciento) con media de edad entre 43,2 ± 14,9 años. Prevalencia de sobrepeso en 33,7 por ciento y obesidad en 16,0 por ciento de los individuos. Prevalencia de CC alterada en 51,8 por cientoy de tabaquismo en 23,2 por ciento. Sedentarismo en el trabajo y en el ocio presente en 67,6 por ciento y en 64,8 por ciento de los individuos, respectivamente, con proporción mayor entre las mujeres. Etilismo en 33,3 por ciento de la muestra. La prevalencia de HA fue de 32,7 por ciento, en mayor número entre los hombres (35,8 por ciento) que entre las mujeres (30,9 por ciento). Encontrada correlación positiva de la HA con IMC, CC y franja etárea. Correlación negativa de HA y escolaridad, con 18,2 por ciento de hipertensos con nueve años o más de estudio. CONCLUSIÓN: Encontrada alta prevalencia de HA, exceso de peso y CC. El sexo femenino representó factor de protección para el riesgo de HA. Encontradas correlación positiva de la HA con IMC, CC, y franja etárea y correlación negativa con escolaridad.

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BACKGROUND: arterial hypertension (AH) is a health problem that affects a large number of undiagnosed or inadequately treated hypertensive individuals and presents a high rate of treatment nonadherence. OBJECTIVE: to estimate the prevalence of AH and its correlation with some cardiovascular risk factors among the adult population of the town of Firminopolis, state of Goiás, Brazil. METHODS: descriptive, observational and cross-sectional population-based study of a simple random sample (age > 18 years): standardized questionnaires with blood pressure (BP) measurements (AH criterion: BP > 140 x 90 mmHg), weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Data were stored (Microsoft Access) and analyzed using Epi-info software. RESULTS: we evaluated 1,168 individuals, with a predominance of the female sex - 63.2% and a mean age of 43.2 ± 14.9 years. There was a prevalence of overweight in 33.7% of the individuals and obesity in 16.0% of the individuals. There was a prevalence of altered WC in 51.8% demand of smoking in 23.2%. A sedentary life style at work and leisure activities was present in 67.6% and 64.8% of the individuals, respectively, with a higher proportion seen among the women. Alcohol consumption was observed in 33.3% of the sample. The prevalence of AH was 32.7%, higher among the men (35.8%) than among the women (30.9%). A positive correlation with AH was identified with BMI, WC and age range. A negative correlation was observed between AH and level of schooling, with 18.2% of hypertensive individuals with 9 or more years of schooling. CONCLUSION: a high prevalence of AH, overweight and WC alteration was identified. The female sex represented a protective factor for the risk of AH. A positive correlation was found between AH and BMI, WC and age range; a negative correlation was identified between AH and level of schooling.

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OBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence of Arterial Hypertension (AH) and its association with Body Mass Index (BMI) and Abdominal Circumference (AC) in the adult population from the city of Firminópolis, in the state of Goiás, Brazil. METHODS: Descriptive, observational, cross sectional population-based study substantiated by a home survey of a simple random sample (> or = 18 years old). The study evaluated 1168 individuals. Standardized questionnaires. Measurements performed were Blood Pressure (BP) (hypertension: BP > or = 140 x 90 mmHg), weight, height and AC. Microsoft Office Access and Epi-info, 3.3.2 version were used for data storage and analysis, respectively. RESULTS: There was a predominance of females (63.2%), mean age was 43.2 +/-14.9 years old. Prevalence of hypertension was 32.7%, with tendency to be higher among the male population (35.8%) when compared to the female (30.9%) (p=0.084). Association between AH and BMI was positive (p < 0.001), as well as between AC and age. Prevalence of overweight was 33.7% and obesity, 16.0%. Overweight was higher among the male population and obesity among the female population. Prevalence of increased as well as greatly increased AC in 51.9% of the studied population, with 28.6% among males and 65.5% among females. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of hypertension and a large number of individuals with BMI and AC above the ideal values were found.

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OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência da Hipertensão Arterial (HA) em adultos e sua associação com o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e Circunferência da Cintura (CC). MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal, de base populacional, com amostra aleatória simples (>18 anos). Investigados 1.168 indivíduos. Questionários padronizados. Realizadas medidas de pressão arterial (critério de HA > 140x90mmHg), peso, altura e CC. Dados armazenados (programa Microsoft Access) e analisados por meio do programa Epi-info, versão 3.3.2. RESULTADOS: Predomínio do sexo feminino (63,2 por cento), idade média 43,2 ± 14,9 anos. Prevalência de HA de 32,7 por cento, com tendência a ser maior entre homens (35,8 por cento) que entre mulheres (30,9 por cento) (p=0,084). Associação positiva (p<0,001) da HA com a idade, IMC e CC. Prevalência de sobrepeso 33,7 por cento e de obesidade 16,0 por cento. Sobrepeso maior entre homens e obesidade entre mulheres. Prevalência CC aumentada e muito aumentada em 51,9 por cento da população estudada, sendo de 28,6 por cento entre homens e 65,5 por cento entre mulheres. CONCLUSÃO: Foi encontrada alta prevalência de HA e grande contingente de indivíduos com IMC e CC acima de valores ideais.

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence of Arterial Hypertension (AH) and its association with Body Mass Index (BMI) and Abdominal Circumference (AC) in the adult population from the city of Firminópolis, in the state of Goiás, Brazil. METHODS: Descriptive, observational, cross sectional population-based study substantiated by a home survey of a simple random sample (>18 years old). The study evaluated 1168 individuals. Standardized questionnaires. Measurements performed were Blood Pressure (BP) (hypertension: BP > 140x90mmHg), weight,, height and AC. Microsoft Office Access and Epi-info, 3.3.2 version were used for data storage and analysis, respectively. RESULTS: There was a predominance of females (63.2 percent), mean age was 43.2 ±14.9 years old. Prevalence of hypertension was 32.7 percent, with tendency to be higher among the male population (35.8 percent) when compared to the female (30.9 percent) (p=0.084). Association between AH and BMI was positive (p<0.001), as well as between AC and age. Prevalence of overweight was 33.7 percent and obesity, 16.0 percent. Overweight was higher among the male population and obesity among the female population. Prevalence of increased as well as greatly increased AC in 51.9 percent of the studied population, with 28.6 percent among males and 65.5 percent among females. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of hypertension and a large number of individuals with BMI and AC above the ideal values were found.

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