RESUMEN
Context: Tumor budding (TB), poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs), and Ki 67 index are proven adverse prognostic factors in breast carcinoma. Though the relation of Ki 67 index with molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma have been extensively studied, there is very limited information on the role of TB and PDCs. Aims: To grade TB, PDCs, and Ki 67 index and assess histological features and relationship of all these with molecular subtypes of invasive breast carcinoma of no special type. Methods and Material: Retrospective study of 148 cases from 1/1/2019 to 30/12/2019. Division of molecular groups - Luminal A, Luminal B, Her2 neu positive, and triple-negative breast carcinomas (TNBC), and Ki 67 index grades based on St Gallen criteria, intratumoral and peritumoral TB and PDC grades as per the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) criteria for colon and correlation between these and other histological features with the molecular subtypes were done. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used. Results: Significant correlation was seen between TB and lymphovascular emboli, Luminal B tumors with high-grade TB and PDCs, Her 2 neu positive and TNBC tumors with low-grade TB, circumscribed tumor margins, tumor necrosis, and Luminal B, Her 2 neu positive and TNBC tumors with larger tumor size and high nuclear grades. Conclusions: TB and PDCs are useful in the prognostication of Luminal A and B tumors when the Ki 67 index values are low/intermediate. Her 2 neu positive and TNBC tumors have a high nuclear grade with necrosis and no association with TB or PDCs.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Carcinoma , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas , Humanos , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Receptor ErbB-2/genética , Antígeno Ki-67 , Pronóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Necrosis , Receptores de ProgesteronaRESUMEN
Malignant melanoma (MM) has a high potential of lymphatic and hematogeneous spread, and metastatic disease is always incurable with a high mortality. We present a rare phenomenon of MM metastasizing to the palatine tonsil.
Asunto(s)
Melanoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Tonsilares/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Melanoma/patología , Melanoma/cirugía , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Neoplasias Tonsilares/patología , Neoplasias Tonsilares/secundario , Neoplasias Tonsilares/cirugíaRESUMEN
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is an uncommon malignancy in the pediatric population, accounting for only 5-10% of pediatric acute myeloid leukemias, and for this disease to present with bone lesions at diagnosis is extremely unusual. We wish to convey that very rarely, in a pediatric cancer patient presenting with multiple extensive lytic bone lesions, the diagnosis can be APL. The treatment protocol and prognostic implications are vastly different. Histopathology is the gold standard in arriving at a correct diagnosis and delivering proper treatment in such cases. This patient had excellent response to chemotherapy.