RESUMEN
In a boarding school of Maharashtra State of India 314 students (Bhil & Pawar) were examined clinically and blood was examined. Anemia was present in 16.2% male & 38.3% female. B (Beta). Thalasemia trait was present in 1.6% male & 2.4% female. Sickle cell trait was present in 21.3% male and 14.4% female and sickle cell disease in 0.6% student. G6PD deficiency was seen in 5.1% male & 4.8% female students.
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/genética , Enfermedades Genéticas Congénitas/etnología , Adolescente , Anemia de Células Falciformes/sangre , Anemia de Células Falciformes/etnología , Niño , Femenino , Enfermedades Genéticas Congénitas/sangre , Pruebas Hematológicas , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Humanos , India/epidemiología , Masculino , Examen Físico , Instituciones Académicas , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Talasemia/sangre , Talasemia/etnologíaRESUMEN
Sickle-cell gene is known to protect against P. falciparum infection and provides a selective survival advantage in those areas where P. falciparum infection is endemic. This protection is not absolute and many other factors, inherited and acquired also contribute to the immunity against P. falciparum infection. We investigated incidence of splenomegaly and typical history of malaria in the past two years in apparently healthy school children in a tribal area in Dhole district of Maharashtra to see whether the incidence of malaria (splenomegaly and typical history) was different in children having sickle-cell trait to that of those who did not have this trait. A total of 480 school children were clinically examined for splenomegaly and history of typical malaria fever and/or blood slide positivity for malaria in the past two years. About 9.55 per cent of normal population had either splenomegaly or convincing history of malarial infection in the past two years which is not statistically different from the sickle-cell trait patients having evidence of past malaria (8.79 per cent; p > 0.05).
Asunto(s)
Malaria Falciparum/complicaciones , Rasgo Drepanocítico/sangre , Esplenomegalia/complicaciones , Esplenomegalia/epidemiología , Adolescente , Animales , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , India/epidemiología , Malaria Falciparum/epidemiología , Masculino , Plasmodium falciparum/aislamiento & purificación , Población Rural , Rasgo Drepanocítico/genética , Esplenomegalia/diagnósticoRESUMEN
The solubility test is evaluated against automated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and haemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis for its efficacy in screening for the beta s gene in population groups in remote areas. Blood samples taken from 3246 individuals from the tribal populations of the Dhule and Gadchiroli districts of Maharashtra state were analysed by all three methods. The solubility test detected 871 out of 932 individuals positive for the beta s gene by HPLC and Hb electrophoresis, and showed an overall sensitivity of 93.8% and specificity of 100%, with a positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 97.4%. Both HPLC and Hb electrophoresis are relatively expensive and not available in most laboratories in remote tribal areas, where the frequency of the beta s gene is very high. We conclude that the solubility test could be used for preliminary screening to determine the prevalence of the beta s gene in different population groups, particularly in remote areas where other facilities are not available. Individuals who test positive for the beta s gene by the solubility test require further investigation by either HPLC or Hb electrophoresis.
Asunto(s)
Anemia de Células Falciformes/diagnóstico , Hemoglobina Falciforme/genética , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Electroforesis , Humanos , India , Nefelometría y Turbidimetría/métodos , SolubilidadRESUMEN
Urolithiasis is quite prevalent in Satpura belt of Central India. Forty five children with urolithiasis were studied in Jawahar Medical Foundations Hospital, Dhule, Maharashtra over a period of three years. The mean age was 7.1 +/- 3.2 (range 18 months-15 years). The chief presenting complaints were dysuria and lower abdominal pain. The physical, laboratory and radiographic findings were evaluated. Calculi were located in the bladder (80%), urethra (9%), kidney (6.6%) and ureter (4.4%). Calculi were mainly composed of calcium oxalate (65.7%) and calcium phosphate (34.3%). The predominant urinary tract stones in the tribal Satpura belt are bladder stones and may be related to poor nutrition, low socioeconomic status and consumption of bajra (millet) as staple food as found in this region (93.5%).