Asunto(s)
Colesterol en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Dieta con Restricción de Grasas/normas , Hipercolesterolemia/dietoterapia , Hipolipemiantes/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Necesidades Nutricionales , Valor Nutritivo , TeléfonoRESUMEN
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of coronary heart disease among older persons. With an increasing elderly population, cardiovascular disease has become an urgent public health concern. Diet plays an important role in atherogenesis with known beneficial effects on major risk factors among the younger population--cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes. Intervention studies are needed to establish the benefits of diet therapy in the elderly segment of the population. Efforts are also needed to educate the elderly and health professionals about the benefits of a healthy Step I diet.
Asunto(s)
Arteriosclerosis/prevención & control , Enfermedad Coronaria/dietoterapia , Dieta con Restricción de Grasas , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Arteriosclerosis/epidemiología , Arteriosclerosis/etiología , Colesterol en la Dieta/efectos adversos , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Enfermedad Coronaria/prevención & control , Humanos , Obesidad/complicaciones , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Distribución por SexoRESUMEN
Adequacy of nutrient intakes of adolescents with and without phenylketonuria (PKU) and infants and children with and without maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) were assessed using 3-day diet records sorted by disease and by age of the subject. Mean intakes of all nutrients were greater than two-thirds of the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) or Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Dietary Intakes (ESADDI) for all adolescents studied, with the exception of selenium (Se) in PKU adolescents, which averaged 27.8 micrograms. For adolescents with PKU, > 50% of the RDA or ESADDI for all nutrients was provided by elemental or modified protein hydrolysate medical foods, except for vitamin A in children aged 11-15 years and Se in children 11-18 years. Mean nutrient intakes of all infants and children were greater than two-thirds of the RDA or ESADDI for all nutrients except Se in MSUD children aged 1-11 years, where intakes ranged from 6.4 to 13.2 micrograms (21-66% of the RDA). The medical foods provided for most of the RDA and ESADDI recommendations, with the exception of Se in MSUD children.