RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of HIV infection and the deaths caused by it is one of the challenges for the healthcare systems throughout the world. In this study, we analyzed the survival of people living with HIV and co-infections, and related factors. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was performed on 3030 people living with HIV admitted to Imam Khomeini Behavioral Disease Counseling Center, Tehran, Iran, during 2004-2018. Required data were obtained from the individuals' files. Kaplan Meier diagrams and Log-rank tests were used to assess the relationship between different factors and survival. In addition, Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the effective factors in HIV mortality. Data were analyzed using STATA software, version 14. RESULTS: The mean age of studied population was 43.2 ± 9.5 [years] and 77.3 % were male. Among the subjects, 3.2 % were infected with hepatitis B, 31.5 % with hepatitis C, and 13.9 % with Tuberculosis (TB). One, five, ten, and fifteen-year survival rates were 97.0 %, 93.0 %, 86.0 %, and 54.0 %, respectively. The mean survival time was 154.2 ± 0.9 months. Age more than 35, history of imprisonment, Unsafe sexual behavior, TB, and hepatitis C are independently associated with death in people living with HIV (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The survival of people living with HIV in the present study was in the favorable range compared to previous studies. However, co-infection with hepatitis C was associated with reduced survival of the subjects in this study. Therefore, it is suggested to detect and then prevent and control HCV co-infection to increase the survival of subjects.

Asunto(s)

Coinfección , Infecciones por VIH , Hepatitis C , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/mortalidad , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto , Irán/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Coinfección/mortalidad , Coinfección/epidemiología , Tasa de Supervivencia , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hepatitis C/mortalidad , Hepatitis C/complicaciones , Hepatitis C/epidemiología , Hepatitis B/mortalidad , Hepatitis B/epidemiología , Hepatitis B/complicaciones , Tuberculosis/mortalidad , Tuberculosis/epidemiología , Tuberculosis/complicaciones , Factores de Riesgo , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Prevalencia

RESUMEN

The annual fecal occult blood test is a very important method for colorectal cancer early detection through screening. Our aim was to assess psychometrics of instrument measuring beliefs related to fecal occult blood test uptake among Iranian middle-aged and elderly, based on the theory of planned behavior. This cross-sectional study was performed on 150 middle-aged and elderly who were randomly selected to participate voluntarily in Kermanshah, in the west of Iran. The studied constructs included attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control, and behavior intention. Data were analyzed with SPSS software (ver. 21.0). The mean age of the respondents was 59.1 years [SD: 6.73], in the range from 50 to 73. All of the loads of the exploratory factorial analysis were larger than 0.4. KMO was calculated as 0.756. Overall, four factors under investigation accounted for 82% of the variance in the hypothesized model. Cronbach's alpha for the measured constructs of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control, and behavior intention were 0.92, 0.88, 0.70 and 0.88, respectively. Our findings indicated the final scale to be adequately reliable and valid for measurement of these constructs for prediction of fecal occult blood test uptake among Iranian middle-aged and elderly.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Colorrectales/psicología , Cultura , Detección Precoz del Cáncer/psicología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Psicometría/métodos , Anciano , Neoplasias Colorrectales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/prevención & control , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Irán , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Encuestas y Cuestionarios

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Physically disabled people experience more restrictions in social activities than healthy people, which are associated with lower level of well-being and poor quality of life (QoL). STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted. METHODS: This study was investigated on among 302 eligible physically disabled people. The predictive role of the demographics and clinical characteristics, anxiety and depression, physical activity, and self-efficacy on the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was examined. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis used univariate and multivariate regression models. RESULTS: Gender, self-reported physical activity levels, use of the disability aid tools, and depression were significantly predictors of the physical component summary (PCS) (R2 = 0.20, P < 0.001). We realized that anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy could significantly predict the mental component summary (MCS) (R2 = 0.43, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Study results revealed that four and three variables could predict 20% and 43% of PCS and MCS variations, respectively. These findings warranted the detection of QoL risk factors and establishment of targeted interventions to optimize the health-related QoL among physically disabled people.