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INTRODUCTION: The research aimed to study the natural course of serous macular detachment SRD) in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), and document fundus changes, OCT findings and visual outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective observational study. Admitted patients underwent ocular screening, and detailed dilated indirect ophthalmoscopy. Those with serous macular detachment were further evaluated with OCT; characteristics of OCT analysed and recorded. All eyes were followed up till macular resolution was noted. RESULTS: Out of 4950 cases, 22 patients (38 eyes) had serous macular detachment. Mean central macular thickness (CMT) was 512.29 (SD 242.074). RPE irregularity (31.6%),subretinal hyperreflective dots (26.3%) and subretinal membranes (23.7%) were more commonly seen OCT features in these eyes. The difference between mean vision and mean central macular thickness at different intervals was statistically significant : F(3, 111)=65.514, p - 0.001; F(3, 111)=47.331, p - 0.001 respectively. All eyes had resolution of retinal detachment with full visual recovery following delivery. However, 10 pregnancies had foetal mortality. CONCLUSION: The incidence of ocular affection in pregnancy induced hypertension is 1-2%. Retinal detachment in such cases have good visual potential following termination of pregnancy. However, the cases had a high incidence of foetal demise. Therefore, early emphasis on early detection of ocular involvement in pregnancy induced hypertension and timely intervention is focused on to prevent foetal demise.
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Hipertensión Inducida en el Embarazo , Desprendimiento de Retina , Femenino , Embarazo , Humanos , Desprendimiento de Retina/diagnóstico , Desprendimiento de Retina/epidemiología , Desprendimiento de Retina/etiología , Hipertensión Inducida en el Embarazo/diagnóstico , Hipertensión Inducida en el Embarazo/epidemiología , Centros de Atención Terciaria , Fondo de Ojo , OftalmoscopíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this work was to study and document retinal changes in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) positive patients with nonsevere disease using a nonmydriatic handheld fundus camera. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on patients affected by COVID-19 who were admitted at our center. Our study included patients with no, mild, and moderate symptoms (nonsevere cases). Intensive care unit (ICU)-admitted patients were excluded considering the difficulty in procuring the fundus image by the handheld camera due to patients positioning. Patients with systemic conditions (diabetes, hypertension, and severe anemia) known to cause retinopathy were also excluded. Bedside anterior segment examination, fundus examination using indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus imaging of each patient using a nonmydriatic handheld fundus camera was done by a trained ophthalmologist posted for COVID duty. RESULTS: In a cohort of 138 patients, 94 (68.1%) were men and 44 (31.9%) were women. A total of 276 eyes were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 38.51 ± 14.4 years. Anterior segment evaluation showed no abnormality in any of the eyes. On fundus screening using nonmydriatic handheld camera, a single streak of superficial retinal hemorrhage was noted at the posterior pole of the fundus in the left eye of one patient (0.72%), which was away from fovea. Laboratory tests revealed low hemoglobin (between 10 and 10.9 g/dL falling under mild Anemia) in 12 patients, elevated total leucocyte count in 6 patients, raised LDH in majority of patients (323 ± 101 Units/L) and elevated CRP (14.6 ± 30.99 mg/L). Rest of the lab parameters were within the normal range. CONCLUSION: In our study, COVID patients with mild-to-moderate symptoms did not show any inflammatory/infective or vaso-occlusive lesions in the retina attributable to COVID-19 infection, except one patient who had a single streak hemorrhage in the macula away from fovea, probably incidental.
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COVID-19 , Fotograbar , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Fondo de Ojo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Dengue, one of the most common mosquito-borne flavivirus diseases affecting humans, is spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Most people infected with dengue virus are asymptomatic or only have mild symptoms such as an uncomplicated fever; few have more severe features, while in a small proportion it is life-threatening. Severe dengue is defined as that associated with severe bleeding, severe organ dysfunction, or severe plasma leakage. Ophthalmic manifestations can involve both the anterior and posterior segment. We report an ocular emergency of proptosis and globe rupture in a patient with severe dengue.
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Exoftalmia/virología , Infecciones Virales del Ojo/virología , Enfermedades Orbitales/virología , Dengue Grave/virología , Vendajes , Virus del Dengue/aislamiento & purificación , Urgencias Médicas , Tratamiento de Urgencia , Exoftalmia/diagnóstico , Exoftalmia/terapia , Infecciones Virales del Ojo/diagnóstico , Infecciones Virales del Ojo/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades Orbitales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Orbitales/terapia , Rotura Espontánea , Dengue Grave/diagnóstico , Dengue Grave/terapia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A 65-year-old male presented with decreased vision in the left eye of 15-day duration after having undergone an uneventful cataract surgery 10 months back. He had been previously treated with systemic steroids for recurrent uveitis postoperatively on three occasions in the same eye. B-scan ultrasonography showed multiple clumplike echoes suggestive of vitreous inflammation. Aqueous tap revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa sensitive to ciprofloxacin. The patient was treated with intravitreal ciprofloxacin and vancomycin along with systemic ciprofloxacin with good clinical response. Even a virulent organism such as P.aeruginosa can present as a chronic uveitis, which, if missed, can lead to a delay in accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.