RESUMEN
Applied research on decreasing pedestrian injuries often focuses on how to increase driver yielding behavior but rarely studies what pedestrians can do to increase their safety. There is a lack of empirical research focusing on how pedestrians can effectively signal their need to cross the street when there is no traffic light directing the pedestrian and oncoming traffic. As a replication and extension of Crowley-Koch et al. (2011), this study examined the effects of two pedestrian gestures, an extended arm and raised hand, on driver yielding behavior at 3 crosswalks in Oklahoma City. Research assistants implemented gestures prior to crossing the street as cars approached the crosswalk. Data were collected on the percentage of drivers yielding to the pedestrian. Both pedestrian gestures increased driver yielding across all 3 sites when compared to no gesture. Results were discussed in terms of future research and practical solutions towards increasing pedestrian safety.
Asunto(s)
Conducción de Automóvil , Peatones , Accidentes de Tránsito/prevención & control , Gestos , Humanos , Seguridad , CaminataRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: A small group of transition-aged students with intellectual disabilities participated in a short-term summer work experience programme under the mentorship of a job coach. METHODS: Dyadic interview technique was used to identify student and mentor participants' perceptions of student participant work motivation pre- and post-programme. Themes were identified and interpreted. RESULTS: Student participants reported becoming more intrinsically motivated and future-focused by programme completion. They noted a broader outlook about the meaning of employment; moving from a narrow, financial-focused, short-term perception to a longer-term, more holistic view of work. Although student participants reported high confidence levels for obtaining and keeping employment by programme completion, mentors voiced concerns about realism of their goals due to employment barriers for people with disabilities. CONCLUSIONS: Work motivation has been previously associated with positive employment participation. Findings provide some support for assessment of work motivation in school-to-work transition planning.