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BACKGROUND: Acute bacterial sinusitis is one of the most common causes of prescribing systemic antibacterial drugs in otorhinolaryngology. With bacterial etiology of the disease, beta-lactam antibiotics are prescribed, in particular cefixim. Cefixim in the form of dispersible tablets has high clinical and bacteriological efficiency, as well as good tolerability in patients with acute sinusitis. OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic equivalence of two drugs of cefixim (reproduced drug Cefixim Express and reference drug Suprax Solutab) in patients with acute bacterial sinusitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 60 adult patients with a diagnosis of acute bacterial sinusitis took part in a randomized open comparative clinical study. Patients of group 1 (n=30) received the drug Cefixim Express in the form of dispersible tablets 400 mg once a day. Group 2 (n=30) received Suprax Solutab in the form of dispersible tablets 400 mg once a day. The duration of treatment course was 7 days. All patients conducted general clinical and otorhinolaryngological examinations, assessment of symptoms of acute sinusitis, assessment of the general clinical impression of the therapy, tolerance of treatment, analysis of the frequency of unwanted phenomena before treatment, 3 days after the beginning of therapy and after the course completion (7 days). RESULTS: Recovery occurred in 63.3% of patients in group 1 according to the inspection on the 7th day of treatment and in 66.67% of patients in group 2. The rate of clinical symptoms regression by the end of therapy was comparable in the comparison groups. Hyperemia of the nasal mucosa, purulent nasal discharge and difficulty in nasal breathing (p<0.01) regressed by the 7th day in patients of both treatment groups. The incidence of adverse reactions on the 7th day of treatment in group 1 was 10%, in group 2 - 6.7% (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The drug Cefixim Express has high therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis, comparable to Suprax Solutab. Cefixime EXPRESS has demonstrated a good tolerability and a favorable safety profile.

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In recent years, inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses have been on the rise. In addition to infectious diseases, in the modern world a large percentage of the population suffers from allergic diseases. The approach to therapy and the choice of a drug should take into account the pathogenesis of the inflammatory reaction in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. By exerting its effect, the drug should reduce hyperemia and swelling of the nasal mucosa, reduce the level of mucus secretion, improve the drainage of the paranasal sinuses, i.e. possess vasoconstrictive and anti-allergic properties. As such a drug, you can use the combined intranasal spray Frinozol, which basically contains cetirizine and phenylephrine. The use of Frinozol in the complex treatment of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses contributes to the rapid and pronounced weakening of the symptoms of the disease, and is also the key to successful therapy.

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The cerumen impaction is a pathological accumulation of earwax in the external auditory canal, which is accompanied by hearing loss, heaviness and discomfort in the ear, which leads to a significant decrease in the quality of life. The authors of the article consider the most common causes of excessive formation of cerumen, the mechanisms that prevent the normal separation of cerumen from the ear canal and the age-related features of the composition of earwax. The article discusses various ways to remove cerumen impaction, indications and contraindications to them. The authors conclude that the most effective and gentle way to evacuate sulfuric masses is the use of cerumenolytics, drugs that break down and thin the cerumen impaction, which facilitates its subsequent removal. Cerumenolytics based on plant components gently affect the skin of the outer ear, which allows them to be used for the purpose of hygiene of the ear canal and prevention of the formation of excess cerumen.

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Currently, the problem of acute rhinosinusitis continues to be relevant due to the frequent occurrence of this pathology. A certain difficulty is caused by the differential diagnosis of viral, post-viral and bacterial forms of rhinosinusitis, which carries the risks of irrational therapy. The authors of the article discuss the role of a viral infection in the etiology and pathogenesis of acute rhinosinusitis, the stages in the development of an inflammatory reaction on the mucous membrane of the nose and paranasal sinuses, and the disruption of mucociliary clearance. The authors consider options for the pathogenetic therapy of postviral sinusitis, concluding that the use of local combined preparations containing the mucolytic acetylcysteine and the vasoconstrictor component of tuaminoheptane sulfate is effective.

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Inflammatory pathology of the oropharynx, which does not lose its relevance, is a problem that is of interest to doctors of various specialties. As one of the main causes of inflammatory diseases of the pharynx, the influence of microorganisms, primarily viruses, on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract is indicated. The authors of the article emphasize the importance of preserving the indigenous microbiota, which provides a barrier function and prevents the adhesion and colonization of pathogenic microorganisms. In this regard, the most effective and safe is local microbiocenosis-regulatory therapy using lysozyme, a natural peptide that has antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects. As such a drug, the authors recommend the combined drug Lorolizin, which can be used in the treatment of acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis, and adenoiditis.

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The objective of the present study was to estimate the effectiveness of the antibacterial therapeutic regimen based at an outpatient facility. The data for statistical analysis were collected by examining 1542 patients presenting with infections of the upper pulmonary tract and ENT organs in 10 cities of the Russian Federation. It was shown that macrolides are most commonly used to treat the above infections whereas beta-lactams are prescribed significantly less frequently. The main pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic features of pharmaceuticals from the group of protected penicillins are described, and the rationale is provided for their application as the medicines of choice for the treatment of infections of the upper respiratory tract at the stage of outpatient-based medical care.

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The present morphological study was based on the analysis of materials obtained during the surgical treatment of 64 patients aged from 15 to 68 years presenting with long-term chronic purulent maxillary sinusitis. All the patients had been inadequately treated with antibacterial preparations during the pre-hospitalization period. It was shown that the patients developed well-apparent pathomorphological changes in maxillary sinus mucosa that promoted chronization of the inflammatory process.

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