RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In order to reduce the fear and anxiety of injection during root canal procedures, Madajet injection technique was substituted for the first time among the adult patients to obtain its efficacy and to overcome the painful procedure during the conventional syringe technique. AIM: The aim of this study is to compare the clinical efficacy and level of patient acceptance of jet injections with conventional syringe technique in patients with symptomatic pulpitis. METHODOLOGY: Seventy patients were randomly divided into needleless pressure injection technique using Madajet XL and conventional syringe technique. The onset of anesthesia was evaluated using the electric pulp tester, and the pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale scoring criteria. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The obtained data were tabulated and subjected to the statistical analysis using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: Needleless pressure injection technique (Madajet XL) proves to be effective in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis during endodontic procedure. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the needle-less pressure injection technique (Madajet XL) promises to be a viable mode of pain control during endodontic procedures as it converts the solution to a tiny droplet which is then carried by the myelin sheath.
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BACKGROUND: The principles of minimally invasive dentistry clearly tells us the need for clinically effective measures to remineralize the early enamel caries lesions. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralisation potential of four different remineralisation agents used quantitatively by surface microhardness and qualitatively by energy dispersive X ray analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Artificial enamel lesions were created on the buccal surfaces of 60 extracted mandibular second premolar. Specimens were randomly assigned to four groups (n=15) according to the remineralisation agents used: Group 1-Nano Hydroxyapatite, Group 2-Fluoride, Group 3-CPP ACP, Group 4-Chitosan 5mg. All products were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions and specimens were stored in daily renewed artificial saliva. Surface microhardness was assessed using Rockwell hardness test and change in mineral content was evaluated using Energy Dispersive X ray analysis. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: One way analysis of Variance test and post-hoc Tukey test were conducted for multiple group comparison. RESULTS: There was remarkable remineralisation in Hydroxyapatite treated comparatively to the other three groups. CONCLUSION: All remineralising agents showed improved surface remineralisation. However complete remineralisation did not occur within 7 days. Nanohydroxyapatite showed the highest potential for remineralisation followed by CPP-ACP, Chitosan and Fluoride.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Since the development of resin based composites, several improvements have been made to improve their physical and chemical properties. In an attempt to fasten and simplify the restoration process, a new class of resin based composite materials, called the bulk fill resin based composites have been introduced, which has been claimed to achieve a depth of cure of 4 mm without affecting the properties of the material. AIM: To comparatively evaluate the depth of cure of two different bulk fill flowable composite resins by ISO 4049 method and to evaluate the degree of conversion of the same composite resins with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Composite resin specimens (n=10) per group were prepared with bulk fill flowable composites, Surefil SDR flow (Dentsply Caulk, Milford, DE, USA) designated as Group A and Filtek bulk fill (3M ESPE, St.Paul, MN, USA) designated as Group B. Depth of cure was determined according to "ISO 4049; Depth of Cure" method, and FTIR spectroscopy method was used to estimate the degree of conversion of both the bulk fill flowable composites. The degree of conversion of monomer to polymer was estimated individually in coronal half (Group A1 and B1) and pulpal half (Group A2 and Group B2) by dividing each specimens into two halves. The data were analysed using Student's unpaired t-test at 5% level of significance. RESULTS: The mean depth of cure of Group A was 3.89 mm (±0.103) and for Group B was 3.54 mm (±0.129). The degree of conversion percentage for Group A1=78.51 (±47.8), Group A2= 31.9 (±22.4), Group B1=39.8 (±5.2), Group B2=37.4 (±6.4). Statistical analysis revealed significant difference in the depth of cure between the two bulk fill flowable composites with Group A higher than Group B. The degree of conversion of the coronal half of Group A1 was significantly higher when compared to Group B1. CONCLUSION: Surefil SDR bulk fill resin has better depth of cure and degree of conversion compared to Filtek bulk fill composites.