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PURPOSE: Indeterminate renal masses are increasingly incidentally found on cross-sectional imaging. 99mTc-sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) scans can be used to identify oncocytomas and oncocytic renal neoplasms, including a subset of chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (chRCCs), which are viewed as false-positive. PROCEDURE: Patients imaged with renal sestamibi scans between 2014 and 2023 were reviewed. Those patients with solitary tumors that were originally classified as chRCC were included in the analysis. Imaging with SPECT/CT from the liver dome down had been carried out 75 min after the administration of 925 MBq of 99mTc-sestamibi. All available H&E and immunostained slides were re-reviewed and classified according to WHO 2022 criteria. Confirmatory immunohistochemical stains were performed in tumors considered morphologically suspicious for non-chRCC entities. RESULT: A total of 18 patients with solitary tumors were included in the final analysis. 13/18 (72.2%) tumors in this cohort remained classified as chRCC, with 4/18 (22.2%) being eosinophilic-variant chRCC. The reclassified tumors (5/18 [27.8%]) included 2/18 (11.1%) low-grade oncocytic tumor (LOT), 1/18 (5.5%) eosinophilic vacuolated tumor (EVT), and 2/18 (11.1%) unclassified low-grade oncocytic neoplasms. As such, only 2/9 (22.2%) qualitatively "hot" tumors were chRCC other than eosinophilic-variant and only 1/9 (11.1%) "cold" tumors was a histology other than chRCC. CONCLUSION: Based on current histopathologic classification methods, it is likely that the "false-positive" rate of uptake on renal sestamibi scans with chRCC has been over-stated. Further study is warranted to better refine the optimal utility of renal sestamibi scans for non-invasive risk stratification of indeterminate renal masses.

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This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose (18F FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in multiple myeloma (MM) and related plasma cell disorders. MM is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells. 18F FDG PET/CT integrates metabolic and anatomic information, allowing for accurate localization of metabolically active disease. The article discusses the use of 18F FDG PET/CT in initial diagnosis, staging, prognostication, and assessing treatment response. Additionally, it provides valuable insights into the novel imaging targets including chemokine receptor C-X-C motif 4 and CD38.

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Desmoplastic trichoepitheliomas (DTEs) are benign cutaneous neoplasms that originate from the hair follicle and exhibit a preference for the facial region. This type of neoplasm is characterized by accelerated growth, with vigorous histologic and immunohistochemical features that may be confused with other skin cancers. Thus, the objective of this study is to establish a definitive diagnosis that can be widely used. This review was systematically carried out and includes case series and studies to establish valuable data that can be used for research. The articles were sought in PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar using the keywords "desmoplastic trichoepithelioma," "morphea basal cell carcinoma," "microcystic adnexal carcinoma," "syringoma," and "cutaneous breast carcinoma." From a total of 65 journal articles, we chose 42 studies describing the clinical features, etiology, histopathology, and immunohistochemical characteristics of tumors. After quality assessment, 10 studies were selected, representing the differentiating features among the four mentioned cutaneous tumors. The differential diagnosis of DTE also includes other cutaneous and follicular tumors. At present, there is no standardized grading system for trichogenic tumors, although several symptomatic terms have been offered. More recently, immunohistochemistry and histopathological studies support the differentiation between the above-mentioned cutaneous tumors. However, additional research needs to be conducted to obtain complete information regarding the specific distinct traits of the indicated cutaneous tumors.

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Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disorder. Due to lack of clarity in its pathogenesis, a cure with existing treatment is a big challenge. Biologics, a revolutionary treatment, are potent immunomodulators that explicitly target the culprit cells of the immune system to achieve the maximum level of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score (75 to 90) and clear or almost clear skin in moderate to severe psoriasis. They have been a successful therapy in adult severe psoriasis for a decade. In recent years, biologics have unprecedently sought the attention of the pediatric psoriatic population by proving an efficacious and safe option. The aim of the study is to provide a systematic review of efficacy, safety, and impact on the quality of life of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved biologics, namely etanercept and ustekinumab, and their use as a "first-line systemic therapy" in the moderate to severe pediatric and adolescent psoriatic population. We explored PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, American Academy of Dermatology website, ClinicalTrials.gov, the FDA site, and the National Psoriasis Foundation USA site as major database searches. Psoriasis, pediatric, etanercept, and ustekinumab were keywords used to find the relevant literature. Clinical trials and observational studies were retrieved and analyzed to assess the efficacy and safety of FDA-approved biologics as first-line systemic therapy in pediatric psoriasis. The relevant evidence-based studies and the Joint American Academy of Dermatology-National Psoriasis Foundation (AAD-NPF) guideline have shown that etanercept and ustekinumab biologics are significantly effective and safe systemic therapies in dealing with moderate to severe psoriasis in pediatric and adolescent patients and have unprecedently improved their quality of life. Thus, they can be confidently considered as first-line systemic therapy in moderate to severe pediatric and adolescent psoriatic patients by applying the specific criteria and proper monitoring. However, health practitioners and dermatologists must educate pediatric patients and their caretakers about their adverse effects, success/failure chance, careful monitoring, and follow-up plan to achieve the desired result.

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The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected people from all cultures, religions, gender, and age groups around the world. In the last few months, several studies have been conducted on various aspects of COVID-19. Our goal was to see if the pediatric population is vulnerable to this infection. In this review, we conducted extensive research mainly by using the PubMed database. We used Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and associated keywords to engage in an extensive search focussing on COVID-19 in the pediatric population. We discovered that most of the studies were from China, and some of them were in the Chinese language. However, English translations of many of the studies were available. For accessing the relevant statistical data, we relied on the World Health Organization (WHO) resources and the official website of the Ontario Government (ontario.ca). Most of the studies showed that the virus has affected the pediatric population. However, we found some differences among these studies regarding the severity of symptoms in children affected by COVID-19. While a few studies stated that the virus has presented with milder symptoms in the pediatric population, some studies have presented data of children who have suffered life-threatening complications due to COVID-19. Although the data is limited, we have been able to conclude from the studies we reviewed that COVID-19 does indeed affect children the same way as any other age group. Moreover, children can act as carriers of the virus and can endanger the lives of other individuals. Besides, neonates and infants can easily acquire the infection from family members without having any exposure to the outside world. Hence, utmost care should be taken while handling this population. More trials and studies should be conducted to analyze the impact of early diagnosis of infection in children and its management.