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Objective: Literature on the functional pathologies of the temporomandibular system (FPTS) in its relationships with body posture is plagued with inconclusiveness. Despite being sometimes altogether disregarded, the issue is most relevant, due to its clinical implications. This paper aims for a deeper understanding of the origins of the inconclusiveness of research on such relationships by means of a critical analysis of the scientific literature on the subject, in order that clinicians may better treat patients with FPTS.Methods: Analysis of over 100 studies, published from 1918 through March 2018 in the PubMed database, using descriptors temporomandibular joint disorders and posture.Results: The analysis of the paths followed by researchers allowed for pinning down several methodological issues that may have led to the prevailing ambiguity on the matter.Conclusion: This review then proposes certain standardization of procedures in future studies, to be conducted by a proposed consortium of researchers.

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The aim of this study was to verify possible relationships between global body posture and temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJ-id), by comparing 30 subjects presenting typical TMJ-id signs to 20 healthy subjects. Body posture was assessed using the analysis of muscle chains on several photographs. Results show a higher frequency of lifted shoulders (p=0.04) and of changes in the antero-internal hip chain (p=0.02) in the test group, but no further differences were found significant between the control and test groups. The test group was then divided into three subgroups according to the Helkimo index of temporomandibular disorder severity. Again, no significant differences were found between the subgroups. However, there was a trend noticed in the group with the most severe dysfunction, to present a forward head and shoulders posture. Results are discussed in light of previous studies using the same sample.

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Apesar de a etiofisiopatologia dos distúrbios internos (DI) da articulação temporomandibular (ATM) ser ainda desconhecida, sugere-se que as posturas de cabeça e corpo estariam associadas a seu desencadeamento, desenvolvimento e sua perpetuação. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a relação entre alterações radiográficas de coluna cervical e distúrbios internos da ATM. Este estudo avaliou 30 indivíduos com distúrbios da ATM (grupo teste) e 20 saudáveis (grupo controle). Os indivíduos submeteram-se à avaliação clínica e radiográfica. A avaliação clínica consistiu de anamnese e exame físico do sistema estomatognático. A avaliação radiográfica consistiu de análise de radiografias laterais de coluna cervical por fisioterapeutas e traçados. O grupo teste apresentou o dobro da prevalência de hiperlordose de coluna cervical (20,7% versus 10,5%) e quase a metade (41,4% versus 79,0%) de retificação (p = 0,03). Em um segundo momento, o grupo teste foi subdividido em três subgrupos em função da gravidade clínica da disfunção temporomandibular, avaliada pelo índice de Helkimo. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os subgrupos, mas se constatou uma tendência do subgrupo com disfunção grave a apresentar prevalência de hiperlordose cervical. Esses resultados sugerem uma tendência dos indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) grave a apresentarem hiperlordose. No entanto, futuros estudos devem ser feitos, analisando-se um maior número de indivíduos portadores de DTM grave para corroborar nossos achados.

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Although the etiopathophysiology of internal temporomandibular joint internal disorders (TMJ ID) is still unknown, it has been suggested that head and body posture could be related to its initial onset, development and perpetuation. The purpose of the present study was to observe the relationship between cervical spine X-ray abnormalities and TMJ ID. This investigation evaluated 30 subjects with internal TMJ disorder symptoms (test group) and 20 healthy subjects (control group). Subjects were submitted to clinical and radiographic evaluation. Clinical evaluation comprised anamnesis and stomatognathic system physical examination. Radiographic evaluation comprised analysis of lateral cervical spine X-rays by three physical therapists and tracing on the same images. The test group presented twice as much cervical spine hyperlordosis as the control group (20.7% versus 10.5%), but almost half of rectification prevalence (41.4 versus 79.0%, p = 0.03). After that, the test group was divided into three subgroups according to TMJ dysfunction severity, evaluated by Helkimo's index. These subgroups were not significantly different, but the subgroup with more severe TMD showed a tendency to cervical spine hyperlordosis prevalence. Results showed a tendency for subjects with more severe TMD to exhibit cervical spine hyperlordosis. Nevertheless, studies with a larger number of subjects suffering from severe TMD are encouraged in order to corroborate the present findings.

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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar o risco de cárie em crianças de 10 a 15 anos de idade, que apresentavam diferentes graus de orientaçäo sobre saúde bucal e diferentes situaçöes frente à doença cárie.Participaram do estudo 30 crianças divididas em 3 grupos de 10. Dois grupos eram de crianças institucionalizadas, estando um grupo em tratamento odontológico oferecido por alunos de Odontologia, apresentando uma ou mais lesöes de cárie e o outro grupo já havia finalizado o tratamento curativo. O terceiro grupo, era constituído de filhos de cirurgiöes-dentistas e professores de Faculdade de odontologia. Anamnese, análise de dieta, exame clínico, microbiológico e salivar foram realizados em todas as crianças. Os resultados näo demonstraram diferença significativa entre os grupos, quando foram considerados todos os escores atribuídos. Po outro lado, as crianças com orientaçäo sobre higiene bucal (filhos de cirurgiöes-dentistas) apresentaram diferença significativa para CPO-D, índice gengival, índice de higiene bucal, número de dentes com selantes, tempo de escovaçäo e consumo de sacarose entre as refeiçöes

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