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Previous research has identified that both low- and high-socio-economic groups tend to be dehumanized. However, groups that have a deprived position are more willing to interiorize the negative perceptions that others have about them compared with affluent groups. In this project, we address the role of meta-(de)humanization (the perceived humanity one thinks is ascribed or denied to one's group) based on socio-economic status differences and its influence in the perceived psychological well-being. We conducted two studies: In Study 1 (correlational, N = 990), we analysed the relationship between socio-economic status, meta-dehumanization, and well-being. Results indicated that lower socio-economic status positively predicted more meta-dehumanization and worse well-being. Moreover, meta-dehumanization mediated the relationship between socio-economic status and well-being. In Study 2 (experimental, N = 354), we manipulated socio-economic status (low-, middle-, and high-socio-economic status conditions) to evaluate its influence on meta-dehumanization and well-being. Results indicated that individuals of low (vs. higher)-socio-economic status perceived more meta-dehumanization and reported worse well-being. Finally, a multicategorical mediational analysis indicated that low (vs. middle or high)-socio-economic status led to worse well-being through higher perceived meta-dehumanization. We discuss differences in perceived meta-(de)humanization based on groups' socio-economic status and implications on the population's well-being.

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Tocopherols are important antioxidants exclusively produced in plastids that protect the photosynthetic apparatus from oxidative stress. These compounds with vitamin E activity are also essential dietary nutrients for humans. Although the tocopherol biosynthetic pathway has been elucidated, the mechanisms that regulate tocopherol production and accumulation remain elusive. Here, we investigated the regulatory mechanism underlying tocopherol biosynthesis during ripening in tomato fruits, which are an important source of vitamin E. Our results show that ripening under light conditions increases tocopherol fruit content in a phytochrome-dependent manner by the transcriptional regulation of biosynthetic genes. Moreover, we show that light-controlled expression of the GERANYLGERANYL DIPHOSPHATE REDUCTASE (SlGGDR) gene, responsible for the synthesis of the central tocopherol precursor phytyl diphosphate, is mediated by PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3 (SlPIF3). In the absence of light, SlPIF3 physically interacts with the promoter of SlGGDR, down-regulating its expression. By contrast, light activation of phytochromes prevents the interaction between SlPIF3 and the SlGGDR promoter, leading to transcriptional derepression and higher availability of the PDP precursor for tocopherol biosynthesis. The unraveled mechanism provides a new strategy to manipulate fruit metabolism towards improving tomato nutritional quality.

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En este artículo se estudió la relación entre el miedo a la violación y el sexismo benévolo en 2 muestras de mujeres de Ciudad Juárez (México). Usando un diseño correlacional, en el Estudio 1 (N = 225 mujeres) se encontró que cuanto mayor es el miedo a la violación, mayores puntuaciones se obtienen en sexismo benévolo, pero no en sexismo hostil. En el Estudio 2 (N = 188 mujeres) se manipuló experimentalmente el miedo considerando 3 condiciones: miedo a la violación, miedo al crimen y condición control. Los resultados corroboraron el efecto causal del miedo a la violación sobre el sexismo benévolo de las mujeres. Se discute cómo el miedo a la violación, a través de sus efectos sobre el sexismo benévolo, puede contribuir al mantenimiento de la desigualdad entre hombres y mujeres.

A study was conducted on the relationship between fear of rape and benevolent sexism in 2 samples of women from Ciudad Juarez (Mexico). Using a correlational design, in Study 1 (N = 225 women) it was found that fear of rape was positively related with benevolent sexism, but it was not related with hostile sexism. In Study 2 (N = 188 women) fear was experimentally manipulated using 3 experimental conditions: fear of rape, fear of crime, and a control group. Results showed that there was a casual effect of fear of rape on benevolent sexism shown by women. A discussion is presented on how fear of rape, through its effects on benevolent sexism, could contribute to maintain gender inequality between men and women.

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El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es analizar el impacto del poder en las atribuciones causales; concretamente, se analizan las que realiza el observador ante el éxito y el fracaso de personas que difieren en el poder que poseen en su trabajo. Los resultados muestran que tanto los éxitos como los fracasos de las personas con alto poder, se explican mediante atribuciones controlables internas, específicamente, refiriéndose al esfuerzo de persona poderosa. Sin embargo, la explicación de los resultados logrados por personas con bajo poder presenta un patrón diferente. Mientras que el éxito se atribuye al esfuerzo del subordinado, el fracaso, a su poca habilidad. Los resultados se analizan en relación con hallazgos anteriores y a su implicación en el mantenimiento del statu quo.

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Con el objetivo de establecer las principales características clínicas de los pacientes con diagnóstico reciente de hepatitis B, se realizó un estudio transversal en pacientes con antígeno de superficie positivo que requirieron ingreso al Hospital Roosevelt del 1 de enero del 2001 al 30 de junio del 2003. Se analizaron 52 pacientes que visitaron los diferentes servicios del Hospital Roosevelt. El 75/100 fueron del sexo masculino y el 25/100 del sexo femenino. El paciente de menor edad fue de 16 años y de 74 años el de mayor edad. Al momento del diagnóstico la ictericia se presentó en el 96.2/100 de los casos, seguido de náuseas en 88.5/100 pérdida del apetito...

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