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Enzymes from halophilic fungi offer interesting biotechnological applications, which lead us to explore novel producing strains. 23 fungi were isolated from Algerian saline soil. Among the three strains presenting laccase activities, one exhibited the high decolourising capacity of olive mill wastewaters. Identification showed that the efficient isolate GS15 belongs to Penicillium chrysogenum. This strain achieves optimal growth at 15% NaCl, 25 °C, pH 5, dark, aerobic and static conditions. The selected fungus is capable of producing extracellular enzymes as follows: caseinase, tannase, esterase and lipase. The laccase activities produced by P. chrysogenum on raw olive wastes are being reported here for the first time. GS15 produced 183.0 and 203.0 U/L of laccase activities in 10% and 20% unsupplemented olive mill wastewaters, respectively. The significant enzymatic activities can be correlated to the high ability of GS15 to decolourise industrial wastewater from the olive oil extraction. In these conditions no pre-treatment of olive wastewaters was needed. On the untreated grinded and non-grinded olive pomace, the laccase activity was 5.78 U/g and 5.36 U/g, respectively. Because the halophilic fungus has basic requirement for growth, this fungal strain is promising for saline biotechnological applications.

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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812009129.].

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In the paper by Mouas Toma et al. [Acta Cryst. (2014), C70, 460-464], there was an error in the name of the first author.

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The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Fe(C8H11N2)(C17H14PS)], contains two independent mol-ecules (A and B) with very similar conformations. Each mol-ecule is built up from a ferrocene unit substituted in the 1 and 1' positions by a protected sulfur di-phenyl-phosphine and by a di-methyl-hydrazine, -C(H)=N-N(CH3)2, fragment. The two independent mol-ecules are linked by a C-H⋯N hydrogen bond. In the crystal, the A-B dimer is linked by a pair of C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming a centrosymmetric four-mol-ecule arrangement. These units are linked by C-H⋯π inter-actions, forming a supra-molecular three-dimensional structure.

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ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Constantine and Mila regions have been investigated in an ethnobotanical study for the first time. A total of 102 medicinal plants have been cited to treat human ailments. Twenty-eight new species of 31 common plants with 151 new therapeutic applications and 12 new cited species including one endemic specie Zygophyllum cornutum Coss were found as compared to other Algerian regions. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, 369 new medicinal uses of 75 known plants, were reported for the first time in the Mediterranean basin. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study is aimed at contributing to safeguard world cultural heritage and document ethnomedicinal uses of plants in Algeria and the Mediterranean basin; data on the national and global uses in the world were obtained to extract new potential species for further phytochemical and clinical investigations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survey was carried out in two cities in the northeast of Algeria: Constantine and Mila. It was based on semi-structured interviews of 79 local informants. Data were analyzed using quantitative indices, namely, informant consensus factor, fidelity level (FL), use value (UV), and relative frequency citation (RFC), to evaluate the reliability and richness of herbal knowledge in the region. RESULTS: The interviewed persons used 102 plant species belonging to 90 genera and distributed among 53 families, represented mainly by Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, and Asteraceae (30%, 13%, and 10%, respectively), which were used to treat 14 ailment categories. The category of most frequent ailments (16%) was digestive disorders (diarrhea, constipation, and stomach bloating). The highest RFC was found for Origanum glandulosum Desf. With regard to the fidelity level, a higher FL was found for Tilia cordata Mill. (100%), followed by Artemisia herba alba Asso. with an FL of 95.74% and Punica granatum L. with an FL of 93.09%) to treat gastrointestinal system diseases, and Aloe sp. L. with an FL of 96.67% for skin diseases. The highest UV was found for Origanum glandulosum Desf. (2.280). Moreover, new medicinal uses were recorded for the first time in Algeria and Mediterranean regions. CONCLUSION: The present study has highlighted the rich herbal knowledge about newfound medicinal plants and their new uses in the Mediterranean region, which could be useful not only in facilitating other studies such as phytochemical and pharmacological investigations and upgrading the sources of biomolecules beneficial to people but also in reopening discussion on pharmacovigilance in herbal medicine as an imperative requirement for local authorities.

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In our ongoing development of ferrocene ligands, 1-dimethylamino-2-(diphenylphosphinothioyl)ferrocene is being used as a convenient building block to obtain racemic or enantiomerically pure ligands. Using this building block in large excess allowed the formation of several by-products, two of which have already been reported; the structure of a third by-product, namely 1-(diphenylphosphinothioyl)-2-{[(diphenylphosphinothioyl)sulfanyl]methyl}ferrocene, [Fe(C5H5)(C30H25P2S3)], is presented here. The crystal structure is built up from a ferrocene unit, with one of the cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings substituted in the 1- and 2-positions by a protected diphenylphosphinothioyl group and a [(diphenylphosphinothioyl)sulfanyl]methyl fragment, -CH2SP(=S)Ph2. There are C-H...S interactions which result in the formation of chains parallel to the c axis. After desulfurization, the crude material was then reacted with Pd and Pt (M) precursors [MCl2(CH3CN)2] to yield two isostructural dinuclear complexes arranged around twofold axes, namely (R,R/S,S)-bis{µ-[2-(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocen-1-yl]methanethiolato-κ(3)P,S:S}bis[chloridopalladium(II)] pentane disolvate, [Pd2{Fe(C5H5)(C18H15PS)}2Cl2]·2C5H12, and the platinum(II) analogue, (R,R/S,S)-bis{µ-[2-(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocen-1-yl]methanethiolato-κ(3)P,S:S}bis[chloridoplatinum(II)] toluene monosolvate, [Pt2{Fe(C5H5)(C18H15PS)}2Cl2]·C7H8, in which the two metal atoms present a slightly distorted square-planar geometry formed by two bridging S atoms and P and Cl atoms. The P,S-chelating ligand results from the rupture of one of the P-S bonds in the starting ligand. These dinuclear complexes display a butterfly geometry. Surprisingly, only the (R,R/S,S) diastereoisomer has been isolated.

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In the title compound, (C(4)H(8)N(3)O)(2)[CdCl(4)], the asymmetric unit comprises two creatininium cations and one tetra-chloridocadmate anion. Cd⋯O secondary bonding links one of the two imidazole rings and the anion into ion pairs. The free and bound cations form layers between which the [CdCl(4)](2-) anions are sandwiched. The Cd(II) atom adopts a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry in which the Cd⋯O bond is axial. Inter-molecular N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds form a two-dimensional network parallel to (001) which ensures the junction between creatininium cations and [CdCl(4)](2-) anions.