RESUMEN
A number of chemicals have been classed as endocrine disrupting compounds due to their ability to mimic the actions of endogenous hormones in vivo and in vitro. The objective of this experiment was to determine the pathological changes and oestrogen receptor (ER) distribution in the cervix and uterus of prepubertal ovariectomised ewe lambs following exposure to a range of compounds with a predominantly oestrogenic effect. Lambs were exposed to diethylstilbestrol (0.175 mg/kg biweekly), bisphenol-A (3.5mg/kg biweekly) or octylphenol (3.5mg/kg biweekly) for 6 weeks. Following sacrifice, uterine and cervical tissue pathology was assessed. The endometrial and myometrial areas were quantified and the distribution of ERalpha and ERbeta assessed by immunohistochemistry. No differences were observed between control and octylphenol-exposed lambs in uterine gross pathology and histopathology. Uteri from bisphenol-A- and diethylstilbestrol-exposed lambs were heavier than both control and octylphenol-exposed lambs. In the bisphenol-A-exposed lambs, endometrial oedema accounted for a significant increase in the endometrial cross-sectional area over the other groups. Uteri from animals exposed to diethylstilbestrol showed variable pathology including oedema and cellular proliferation. Keratinisation of the cervical epithelium was observed in both bisphenol-A- and diethylstilbestrol-exposed lambs. Exposure to diethylstilbestrol and bisphenol-A was associated with a diffuse intracellular distribution of ERalpha and ERbeta in the uterine endometrium. This was in addition to the strong cytoplasmic staining of uterine epithelial cells and nuclear staining of specific sub-epithelial cells observed in all groups. We conclude that a 6-week exposure of lambs to bisphenol-A and diethylstilbestrol altered the uterocervical environment and has the potential to disrupt subsequent reproductive function. Pathological changes could not be detected in the uterus or cervix of lambs exposed to octylphenol.
Asunto(s)
Cuello del Útero/efectos de los fármacos , Estrógenos/farmacología , Receptores de Estrógenos/análisis , Ovinos , Útero/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Compuestos de Bencidrilo , División Celular , Cuello del Útero/química , Cuello del Útero/patología , Dietilestilbestrol/farmacología , Edema/inducido químicamente , Edema/patología , Receptor alfa de Estrógeno , Receptor beta de Estrógeno , Estrógenos no Esteroides/farmacología , Femenino , Inmunohistoquímica , Fenoles/farmacología , Enfermedades Uterinas/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Uterinas/patología , Útero/química , Útero/patologíaRESUMEN
The onset of malignant hyperthermia in a patient during a prolonged anaesthetic for tumour resection is described. The onset was delayed with a gradual rise in heart rate and PETCO2 before becoming fulminant; muscle rigidity was not a feature. Other aspects of the patient's condition confused the presentation, delayed the diagnosis and may have been involved in precipitating the event. However, it responded rapidly to treatment and surgery was continued. A possible recrudescence occurred 18 h later. Malignant hyperthermia should be considered early in cases of unexplained tachycardia or rising PETCO2.
Asunto(s)
Hipertermia Maligna/fisiopatología , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/cirugía , Teratoma/cirugía , Adulto , Anestesia General , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Hemodinámica/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Hipertermia Maligna/sangre , Orquiectomía , Pruebas de Función RespiratoriaAsunto(s)
Cartílago Cricoides , Máscaras Laríngeas , Traumatismo Múltiple/terapia , Humanos , Inmovilización , PresiónRESUMEN
Two patients are described in whom malignant transformation occurred within an eccrine spiradenoma. Their findings were compared with those of six similar patients from the literature, and a characteristic clinicopathologic picture was evident. The typical history was one of rapid enlargement of a cutaneous nodule of long standing. The neoplasms were composed, at least in part, of large, markedly atypical basaloid cells with numerous mitotic figures. Adjacent benign spiradenoma was observed microscopically in each case, and some of the carcinomas retained architectural features reminiscent of spiradenoma. One patient died of disseminated tumor, but follow-up was short or lacking in several cases. Malignant transformation of eccrine spiradenoma shares many clinical and pathologic features with malignant transformation of dermal cylindroma.
Asunto(s)
Adenoma de las Glándulas Sudoríparas/patología , Carcinoma Adenoide Quístico/patología , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/patología , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Sudoríparas/patología , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
A case of congenital webbing with other congenital abnormalities is presented. Initial examination of the features of the case made a diagnosis of iniencephaly seem likely. However, further examination of the radiographs and the physical abnormalities demonstrated too few of the typical features, and the term pseudo-iniencephaly has been used to describe the case. The various aetiological possibilities are discussed, but it is clear that further research into webbing and its concomitant abnormalities would be necessary to provide the answers to the questions posed by this case.