RESUMEN
The intramural distribution of Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 (MERGL) was studied in the oesophago-cardiac, pyloric, ileo-caecal and sigmoid-recto-anal regions of the human digestive tract. Serial samples encompassing each area were separated into mucosa, submucosa and muscularis externa and extracted for radioimmunoassay. Comparatively low levels of MERGL immunoreactivity were measured throughout the cardiac junction. Conversely, a remarkable peak of MERGL concentration was detected at the pyloric junction, in both submucosa and muscularis. A progressive decrease in tissue levels of the same peptide, most evident in the submucosa, was detected on the proximal side of the ileo-caecal region. In the distal sigmoid colon and rectum MERGL concentrations showed a rapid decline, down to very low levels in the anal canal. The results may suggest the involvement of an enkephalinergic mechanism in the control of the human pylorus.
Asunto(s)
Sistema Digestivo/análisis , Encefalina Metionina/análogos & derivados , Esófago/análisis , Cardias/análisis , Ciego/análisis , Colon Sigmoide/análisis , Encefalina Metionina/análisis , Humanos , Íleon/análisis , Mucosa Intestinal/análisis , Músculo Liso/análisis , Píloro/análisis , Recto/análisisRESUMEN
Dramatic cases of hymenoptera stings have been reported from various sources for several years now. According to recent statistic from North America 0.4-0.8% of the population have shown allergic reaction to these stings. There are no reliable statistics on Italy. After classifying the taxonomy of the Hymenoptera, the present report carefully analyses both the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of these allergic responses and the preventive measures that can be used reduce the risk of hymenoptera stings.
Asunto(s)
Himenópteros , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad Inmediata/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipersensibilidad Inmediata/inmunología , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/complicaciones , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/tratamiento farmacológico , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/inmunología , Pruebas CutáneasRESUMEN
The distribution of regulatory peptides was studied in the separated epithelium, lamina propria, submucosa and muscularis externa of the human jejunum. Gastrin, secretin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, enteroglucagon and neurotensin immunoreactivity were almost confined to the endocrine cell-containing mucosal epithelium (greater than 98% of the total content), only minor amounts of motilin being detected in non-epithelial layers (3.6 +/- 0.7%, mean +/- SEM, n = 7). Conversely, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P and mammalian bombesin were virtually limited to non-epithelial layers (greater than 99%). Only somatostatin was found in all layers (44 +/- 6.7% in the epithelium, 34 +/- 5.2% in the lamina propria, 13 +/- 2.9% in the submucosa, and 7.9 +/- 2.8% in the muscularis). Substance P was found in higher concentrations in the mucosa, compared to submucosa and muscle (56 +/- 10, 30 +/- 4.0 and 29 +/- 4.0 pmol/g, respectively), while vasoactive intestinal polypeptide was more abundant in the muscle (411 +/- 52 pmol/g) compared to mucosa and submucosa (228 +/- 64 and 219 +/- 31 pmol/g, respectively). Only low levels of mammalian bombesin were measured, mainly in the muscle (6.9 +/- 1.5 pmol/g, or 89 +/- 3.6% of total content).
Asunto(s)
Hormonas Gastrointestinales/fisiología , Yeyuno/fisiología , Neuropéptidos/fisiología , Péptidos/fisiología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , RadioinmunoensayoRESUMEN
The presence of the proenkephalin A-derived peptide Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 was demonstrated throughout the human gastrointestinal tract. Highest concentrations of Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8, as assessed by radioimmunoassay, were measured in the separated muscularis externa, while lower levels were found in the submucosa and only small amounts in the mucosa. The results are consistent with a neuronal location of this peptide in the human gut. Over 65% of total immunoreactivity coeluted with the authentic peptide in both molecular exclusion chromatography and HPLC, while most of the remainder activity eluted earlier on gel filtration. The latter material probably represents N-terminally extended Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8. Taken together with previous studies, our results appear to indicate that there are important species differences in post-translational processing of proenkephalin A in gut nerves.
Asunto(s)
Encefalina Metionina/análogos & derivados , Colon/análisis , Reacciones Cruzadas , Sistema Digestivo/análisis , Sistema Digestivo/patología , Encefalina Metionina/análisis , Mucosa Gástrica/análisis , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/patología , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/cirugía , Humanos , Sueros Inmunes , Mucosa Intestinal/análisis , Intestino Delgado/análisis , Radioinmunoensayo , Recto/análisis , Estómago/análisisRESUMEN
Authors have conducted an epidemiological study with regard to dermatitis contracted by health care professional. With this intention they examined approximately 562 cases of dermatitis contracted by contact. From these cases they evaluated the percentage of allergic and irritative forms of dermatitis with primary interest in the inflammatory processes and the principal antigens responsible. In conclusion, they have taken into consideration those which are preventive, environmental and personal interventions which could reduce the incidence of such risk.