RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with valvular heart disease who arrived decompensated at the emergency department of a university hospital in Brazil. METHODS: A descriptive analysis of clinical and echocardiographic data of 174 patients with severe valvular disease, who were clinically decompensated and went to the emergency department of a tertiary cardiology hospital, in the State of São Paulo, in 2009. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 56 ± 17 years and 54% were female. The main cause of valve disease was rheumatic in 60%, followed by 15% of degenerative aortic disease and mitral valve prolapse in 13%. Mitral regurgitation (27.5%) was the most common isolated valve disease, followed by aortic stenosis (23%), aortic regurgitation (13%) and mitral stenosis (11%). In echocardiographic data, the mean left atrial diameter was 48 ± 12 mm, 38 ± 12 mm for the left ventricular systolic diameter, and 54 ± 12 mm for the diastolic diameter; the mean ejection fraction was 56 ± 13%, and the mean pulmonary artery pressure was 53 ± 1 6 mmHg. Approximately half of patients (44%) presented atrial fibrillation, and over one third of them (37%) had already undergone another cardiac surgery. CONCLUSION: Despite increased comorbidities and age-dependent risk factors commonly described in patients with valvular heart disease, the clinical profile of patients arriving at the emergency department represented a cohort of rheumatic patients in more advanced stages of disease. These patients require priority care in high complexity specialized hospitals.
Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Enfermedades de las Válvulas Cardíacas/epidemiología , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Ecocardiografía , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Femenino , Enfermedades de las Válvulas Cardíacas/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Reumáticas/complicaciones , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Objective To evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with valvular heart disease who arrived decompensated at the emergency department of a university hospital in Brazil. Methods A descriptive analysis of clinical and echocardiographic data of 174 patients with severe valvular disease, who were clinically decompensated and went to the emergency department of a tertiary cardiology hospital, in the State of São Paulo, in 2009. Results The mean age of participants was 56±17 years and 54% were female. The main cause of valve disease was rheumatic in 60%, followed by 15% of degenerative aortic disease and mitral valve prolapse in 13%. Mitral regurgitation (27.5%) was the most common isolated valve disease, followed by aortic stenosis (23%), aortic regurgitation (13%) and mitral stenosis (11%). In echocardiographic data, the mean left atrial diameter was 48±12mm, 38±12mm for the left ventricular systolic diameter, and 54±12mm for the diastolic diameter; the mean ejection fraction was 56±13%, and the mean pulmonary artery pressure was 53±16mmHg. Approximately half of patients (44%) presented atrial fibrillation, and over one third of them (37%) had already undergone another cardiac surgery. Conclusion: Despite increased comorbidities and age-dependent risk factors commonly described in patients with valvular heart disease, the clinical profile of patients arriving at the emergency department represented a cohort of rheumatic patients in more advanced stages of disease. These patients require priority care in high complexity specialized hospitals. .
Objetivo Avaliar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico dos pacientes com doença valvar que chegaram descompensados no pronto atendimento de um hospital universitário de referência nacional. Métodos Análise descritiva de dados clínicos e ecocardiográficos de 174 pacientes consecutivos portadores de doença valvar grave, que apresentaram descompensação clínica e procuraram atendimento no pronto-socorro de um hospital terciário de cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo no ano de 2009. Resultados Dos 174 pacientes avaliados, a média etária foi de 56±17 anos e 54% eram do gênero feminino. A principal etiologia da doença valvar foi a reumática (60%), seguida pela doença degenerativa aórtica (15%) e pelo prolapso mitral (13%). A valvopatia mais comumente observada de forma isolada foi a insuficiência mitral (27,5%), seguida por estenose aórtica (23%), insuficiência aórtica (13%) e estenose mitral (11%). Nos dados ecocardiográficos, a média do diâmetro do átrio esquerdo foi de 48±12mm, do ventrículo esquerdo na sístole foi de 38±12mm, e diástole foi de 54±12mm; a média da fração de ejeção foi de 56±13% e a pressão pulmonar média foi de 53±16mmHg. Aproximadamente metade dos pacientes (44%) estava em fibrilação atrial, e mais de um terço dos pacientes (37%) já havia sido submetido a outra cirurgia cardíaca. Conclusão Apesar do aumento das comorbidades e dos fatores de risco idade dependentes comumente descritos nos portadores de cardiopatia valvar, o perfil clínico dos sujeitos que chegaram ao pronto atendimento representou uma coorte de pacientes reumáticos em estágios mais avançados de doença. Esses pacientes requerem atendimento prioritário em serviço ...