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[(18)F]FDG (fluorine-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose) positron emission tomography (PET) is used worldwide for oncologic and neurologic applications. To date, the potential harm caused by [(18)F]FDG has focused on its radiation exposure effects rather than on its pharmacological effects. While an allergic response in the form of a skin manifestation has been reported after exposure to [(18)F]FDG, this report describes the first case of hypotension following exposure to this tracer. Here, the development of anaphylaxis after [(18)F]FDG injection is described.

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We describe new [(18)F]Fluoropropylcarbomethoxyiodophenyl-nor-tropane ([(18)F]FP-CIT) automatic preparation method by (1) using 2-methyl-2-butanol as [(18)F]fluorination solvent, (2) base amount control to minimize side reaction and (3) salt elution method to elute trapped [(18)F]fluoride. We developed manual synthesis procedures for automatic synthesis application. In this manual synthesis, we trapped [(18)F]F(-) on ion exchange cartridge and eluted with 0.2 M potassium methanesulfonate solution. We have [(18)F]fluorination at 100°C with 2-methyl-2-butanol as protic solvent for [(18)F]fluorination. After high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, we have 69.3±3.2% of [(18)F]F(-) incorporation ratio on the manual synthesis and applied these conditions to automatic preparation with GE TracerLab FX module. After setting-up of automatic synthesis and quality control procedures for clinical procedures, we have routine production of [(18)F]FP-CIT with 86.9±9.5 GBq/2.5 ml of [(18)F]F(-) as initial radioactivity and have 192 productions for 1.5 year. We have 42.5±10.9% of decay corrected radiochemical yields and they were satisfied all quality control procedures and stability to 6 h. New [(18)F]FP-CIT automatic preparation method showed high and reliable radiochemical yield and we could have enough >35 patient doses of [(18)F]FP-CIT from one production.

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The tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was investigated using a graphite pencil electrode (PE) and fluorine immobilized onto a graphite pencil carbon electrode (FPE). The optimum diagnostic conditions for square wave (SW) stripping voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry were searched. The voltammograms indicated three other detection ranges of 0.4-1.6 µg/l cyclic voltammetry (PE) seven points, 0.2-1.2 µg/l SW (PE) cathodic six points, and better sensitive ranges of 0.05-0.45 µg/l SW (FPE). These were obtained within a diagnostic accumulation time of 120 s in 0.1 mol/l ammonium phosphate electrolyte solution of pH 5.0. Under optimum SW conditions, the detection limit (S/N) approached 0.08 µg/l CEA, and the relative standard deviation at 10 mg/l CEA was 0.074% in 15 measurements. The proposed method can be applied in tumor assay using cancer patient urine.

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We have developed three methods for removing organic impurities as well as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) method for removing metallic and ionic impurities from recovered [18O]H2O. Preliminary experiments with [16O]H2O were used to determine the optimal purification conditions. These showed that UV irradiation rapidly (<4 h) eliminated low boiling point impurities such as acetonitrile and acetone with only a slight loss of mass. A combination of UV irradiation and purging with ozone removed high boiling point impurities such as ethanol and methanol more quickly than UV irradiation alone. UV irradiation followed by a SPE with [18O]H2O removed all organic and inorganic impurities. The purified [18O]H2O gave a saturation yield of 128.62+/-15.6 mCi/microA for [18F]fluoride and a 49.8+/-12.7% radiochemical yield for [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose.