RESUMEN
El propósito principal de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre deseabilidad social (DS), el trastorno de conducta (TC) y el callo emocional (CE). En él participaron 150 adolescentes, entre los 13 y los 17 años (47% mujeres y 53% hombres), y se formaron dos grupos (con y sin probable TC). Se aplicó la escala de necesidad de aprobación social (ENAS), el cuestionario de detección del trastorno de conducta (CDTC), y el inventario de rasgos de insensibilidad emocional (IRIE). Se observó que el nivel de DS total resultó significativamente más bajo en el grupo con probable TC; también, una relación negativa baja entre la puntuación total del ENAS y las puntuaciones del CDTC, y negativas y moderadas con el IRIE. En conclusión se observó una relación negativa, aunque baja, entre la DS y el TC, y entre moderada y negativa con el CE. Las relaciones entre variables se modificaron en función de la edad y el género.
The main purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between social desirability (SD), conduct disorder (CD) and callous unemotional (CU).. A total of 150 adolescents between 13 and 17 years of age (47% female and 53% male) participated in the study, and two groups were formed (with and without probable CD). The Need for Social Approval Scale (ENAS), the Conduct Disorder Screening Questionnaire (CDTC), and the Emotional Insensitivity Trait Inventory (IRIE) were applied. It was observed that the level of total SD was significantly lower in the group with probable CT; also, a low negative relationship between the ENAS total score and the CDTC scores, and negative and moderate ones with the IRIE. In conclusion, a negative, albeit low, relationship was observed between SD and CT, and moderate to negative with CE. The relationships between variables were modified by age and gender.
O objetivo principal deste estudo foi analisar a relação entre a desejabilidade social (SD), desordem de conduta (CD) e calo emocional (EC). Envolveu 150 adolescentes de 13-17 anos (47% mulheres e 53% homens), e foram formados dois grupos (com e sem provável CD). Foram administradas a Escala de Aprovação Social (ENAS), o Questionário de Avaliação de Distúrbios de Conduta (CDTC) e o Inventário de Traços de Insensibilidade Emocional (IRIE). Foi observado que o nível de SD total era significativamente menor no grupo com provável CD; também, uma relação negativa baixa entre a pontuação total do ENAS e a pontuação do CDTC, e relações negativas e negativas moderadas com o IRIE. Em conclusão, houve uma relação negativa, embora baixa, entre SD e CT, e moderada a negativa com CE. As relações entre as variáveis foram modificadas por idade e sexo.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Deseabilidad Social , Trastorno de la Conducta , Adolescente , MéxicoRESUMEN
Gaudiebility refers to the set of modulators that regulate the enjoyment experienced, there is only one scale to assess gaudiebility, and it is univariate, which is not congruent with the construct. Therefore, this work's objective was to build a multifactorial scale and study the psychometric properties of the Gaudiebility Scale for Adults of Morelia (GSAM). 1,884 adults participated; 273 in the pilot study and 1,611 in the final study. They responded to the final version of the GSAM, with 24 items and a scale of experienced enjoyment. The adequate fit of the model of 6 related factors of the GSAM was corroborated through confirmatory factor analysis. Adequate Cronbach's alpha values ââwere observed for the factors (Concentration (α = .796), Enjoyment in Solitude (α = .784), Sense of Humor (α = .760), Imagination (α = .740), Interest (α = .653) and Irrational Beliefs (α = .633)) and the total scale (α = .803). All the factors and the full scale showed positive relationships with the scale of experienced enjoyment. The GSAM obtained good indicators regarding its internal consistency and validity; therefore, it is concluded that the GSAM is adequate to assess gaudiebility in adults.
Asunto(s)
Placer , Psicometría , Adulto , Análisis Factorial , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos Piloto , Calidad de Vida , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: Una de las escalas más utilizadas para evaluar la ansiedad es el BAI (Beck Anxiety Inventory) que ha mostrado adecuadas propiedades psicométricas; sin embargo, no hay consenso sobre su estructura interna. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo estudiar la estructura interna del BAI haciendo uso del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) por primera vez en México, así como la bondad de los ítems que la componen y su consistencia interna. Además, se presentan datos descriptivos de los niveles de ansiedad en población general de Michoacán (México). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se administró la escala BAI al mismo tiempo que se solicitaron datos sociodemográficos (sexo, edad, estado civil y escolaridad) a 1,245 personas adultas. Primero, se realizó un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE) con la mitad de la muestra; posteriormente, con la segunda mitad de la muestra y a través de un AFC, se pusieron a prueba los modelos factoriales obtenidos en estudios mexicanos previos, la solución unifactorial, así como el modelo obtenido en el AFE. RESULTADOS: Se observó una elevada consistencia interna de la escala total (alfa = .911); sin embargo, ningún modelo de los probados en el AFC resultó satisfactorio. CONCLUSIONES: Puede concluirse que el BAI, a pesar de mostrar una estructura interna inestable, es adecuado para evaluar la presencia de sintomatología de ansiedad en población general de Michoacán (México). Es importante señalar que hasta un 24.9% de la muestra presentó niveles de ansiedad moderada o severa
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: One of the most widely used scales to assess anxiety is the BAI (Beck Anxiety Inventory) that has shown adequate psychometric properties; however, there is no consensus on its internal structure. This work aimed to study the internal structure of the BAI using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (AFC) for the first time in Mexico, as well as the goodness of the items that make it up and its internal consistency. In addition, descriptive data of anxiety levels in the general population of Michoacán (Mexico) are presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The BAI was administered and the sociodemographic data (sex, age, marital status, and education) were requested from 1,245 adults. First, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was carried out with half the sample. Using the second half of the sample, the factorial models obtained in previous Mexican studies, the single factor solution and the model obtained in the AFE were tested through a CFA. RESULTS: A high internal consistency of the total scale was observed (Alpha = .911); however, no model of those tested in the CFA was satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the BAI, despite showing an unstable internal structure, can adequately assess the presence of anxiety symptoms in the general population of Michoacán (Mexico). It is important to note that up to 24.9% of the sample presented moderate or severe anxiety levels
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica/normas , Estudios Transversales , Psicometría , Análisis Factorial , Valores de Referencia , MéxicoRESUMEN
Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) is a genetically-determined trait that allows people to notice external and internal subtleties in sensory stimuli easily. This feature provides certain advantages to those who possess it, such as, greater empathy, artistic tastes or skills, also, this people can get greater benefit in circumstances with little exposure to sensory input. However, an unfavorable feature of the trait is an increased vulnerability to development psychopathology. In Mexico there is not an instrument to assess the presence of the SPS, thus, the purpose of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSP Scale) in Mexican population. The results showed that the adaptation of HSP Scale has adequate psychometric properties, so the essential contribution of this study is to provide a reliable and valid instrument that allows to discriminate the presence of the SPS.