RESUMEN
In this Letter, we report a first, to the best of our knoqledge, experimental realization of a bright ultra-broadband (180 THz) fiber-based biphoton source with widely spectrally separated signal and idler photons. Such a two-photon source is realized due to the joint use of a broadband two-loop phase-matching of interacting light waves and high optical nonlinearity of a silica-core photonic crystal fiber. The high performance of the developed fiber source identifies it as an important and useful tool for a wide range of optical quantum applications.
RESUMEN
We show that waveguide sensors can enable a quantitative characterization of coronavirus spike glycoprotein-host-receptor binding-the process whereby coronaviruses enter human cells, causing disease. We demonstrate that such sensors can help quantify and eventually understand kinetic and thermodynamic properties of viruses that control their affinity to targeted cells, which is known to significantly vary in the course of virus evolution, e.g., from SARS-CoV to SARS-CoV-2, making the development of virus-specific drugs and vaccine difficult. With the binding rate constants and thermodynamic parameters as suggested by the latest SARS-CoV-2 research, optical sensors of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-receptor binding may be within sight.
Asunto(s)
Betacoronavirus , Técnicas Biosensibles , Infecciones por Coronavirus , Óptica y Fotónica/instrumentación , Pandemias , Peptidil-Dipeptidasa A/metabolismo , Neumonía Viral , Receptores Virales/metabolismo , Glicoproteína de la Espiga del Coronavirus/metabolismo , Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina 2 , Sitios de Unión , COVID-19 , Humanos , Unión Proteica/fisiología , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
Single-photon detectors based on avalanche photodiodes (SPADs) are key elements of many modern highly sensitive optical systems. One of the bottlenecks of such detectors is an afterpulsing effect, which limits detection rate and requires an optimal hold-off time. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for statistical analysis of SPAD dark counts, and we demonstrate its usefulness for the search of the experimental condition where the afterpulsing effect can be strongly eliminated. This approach exploits a sequence of ranked time intervals between the dark counts and does not contain a complex mathematical analysis of the experimental data. We show that the approach can be efficiently applied for a small number of the dark counts, and it seems to be very beneficial for practical fast characterization of SPAD devices.
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We propose fast all-optical control of surface polaritons by placing an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium at an interface between two materials. EIT provides longitudinal compression and a slow group velocity, while matching properties of the two materials at the interface provides strong transverse confinement. In particular, we show that an EIT medium near the interface between a dielectric and a negative-index metamaterial can establish tight longitudinal and transverse confinement plus extreme slowing of surface polaritons, in both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations, while simultaneously avoiding losses.
RESUMEN
Spatial effects of interference and interaction of light modes in the subwavelength part of the near-field optical microscopy probe have been theoretically studied. It was found that the mode interference can lead to higher spatial compression of light (wavelength is equal to 500 nm in free space) within the transverse size of 25 nm inside the probe output aperture of 100 nm in diameter. The results predict a principal possibility of higher spatial resolution in the near-field optical microscopy technique.