RESUMEN
The Jordanian Ministry of Health in collaboration with the Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (EMPHNET) hosted the Seventh Global Scientific Conference of the Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network (TEPHINET) in Jordan in November 2012. This was the first time this Conference was held in the Eastern Mediterranean region. The Conference theme was "communicable and noncommunicable diseases: public health challenges and successes". Over 400 participants including field epidemiology training program residents, graduates and public health officials from 66 countries attended the Conference as well as 187 people from 57 countries who attended the conference sessions on line. The programme included 121 oral and 130 poster presentations in addition to 5 pre-conference workshops and 9 roundtable discussions. All sessions were recorded and virtually broadcasted and made available on line. The Conference succeeded in creating opportunities for dialogue between residents and graduates of field epidemiology training programmes and public health stakeholders across the region and the globe.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Crónica/epidemiología , Enfermedades Transmisibles/epidemiología , Salud Pública , Congresos como Asunto , Educación en Salud Pública Profesional , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Salud Global , Humanos , JordaniaRESUMEN
The Jordanian Ministry of Health in collaboration with the Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network [EMPHNET] hosted the Seventh Global Scientific Conference of the Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network [TEPHINET] in Jordan in November 2012. This was the first time this Conference was held in the Eastern Mediterranean region. The Conference theme was [communicable and noncommunicable diseases: public health challenges and successes]. Over 400 participants including field epidemiology training program residents, graduates and public health officials from 66 countries attended the Conference as well as 187 people from 57 countries who attended the conference sessions on line. The programme included 121 oral and 130 poster presentations in addition to 5 pre-conference workshops and 9 roundtable discussions. All sessions were recorded and virtually broadcasted and made available on line. The Conference succeeded in creating opportunities for dialogue between residents and graduates of field epidemiology training programmes and public health stakeholders across the region and the globe
Asunto(s)
Epidemiología , Salud Pública , Congresos como AsuntoRESUMEN
At the end of March 2010 an A/H1N1 vaccination campaign was conducted in Afghanistan using donated vaccines. However, no surveillance system for detection of adverse events following immunization was in place. We report a cross-sectional, descriptive survey in 4 provinces of Afghanistan to assess the rate of adverse events among health care staff immunized with A/H1N1 monovalent vaccine 4 weeks after vaccination. Using random sampling proportionate to size, 350 staff (mean age 36 years, range 16-65 years) were surveyed using a questionnaire. The highest self-reported rates of adverse events were pain at the injection site (53%), fever in the first 3 days after immunization (40%), body pain (39%), tiredness (33%), swelling at the injection site (29%) and redness at the injection site (28%). More females than males suffered adverse reactions and the rates varied across different provinces, ranging from 79% in Balkh to 23% in Kabul.
Asunto(s)
Personal de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología , Vacunas contra la Influenza/efectos adversos , Gripe Humana/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Afganistán/epidemiología , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores Sexuales , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a life-threatening viral haemorrhagic fever. This paper reports on the first multifocal outbreak recorded in the Afghanistan. The outbreak was detected in 2008 in the Western Region of the country and 30 cases (17 males and 13 females) were detected between 10 July and 22 October 2008. Standard case definitions based on World Health Organization sources were used. Most of the cases (27) occurred in Herat province; 25 were aged between 18-55, 1 was > 55 years and 4 were 12-18 years (median age was 27 years). The case fatality rate was 33%; 41% among males and 23% among females (P = 0.29). Significantly more patients infected by contact with meat and body fluids died that those whose contact was through animal husbandry or ticks (P = 0.0048). Of the 30 cases, 33 close contacts were traced; 3 were positive for CCHF IgM with no symptomatic evidence of the disease.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades , Virus de la Fiebre Hemorrágica de Crimea-Congo , Fiebre Hemorrágica de Crimea/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Afganistán/epidemiología , Distribución por Edad , Líquidos Corporales/virología , Niño , Brotes de Enfermedades/prevención & control , Femenino , Fiebre Hemorrágica de Crimea/mortalidad , Fiebre Hemorrágica de Crimea/prevención & control , Fiebre Hemorrágica de Crimea/transmisión , Humanos , Masculino , Carne/virología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ocupaciones , Estaciones del Año , Distribución por SexoRESUMEN
At the end of March 2010 an A/H1N1 vaccination campaign was conducted in Afghanistan using donated vaccines. However, no surveillance system for detection of adverse events following immunization was in place. We report a cross-sectional, descriptive survey in 4 provinces of Afghanistan to assess the rate of adverse events among health care staff immunized with A/H1N1 monovalent vaccine 4 weeks after vaccination. Using random sampling proportionate to size, 350 staff [mean age 36 years, range 16-65 years] were surveyed using a questionnaire. The highest self-reported rates of adverse events were pain at the injection site [53%], fever in the first 3 days after immunization [40%], body pain [39%], tiredness [33%], swelling at the injection site [29%] and redness at the injection site [28%]. More females than males suffered adverse reactions and the rates varied across different provinces, ranging from 79% in Balkh to 23% in Kabul
Asunto(s)
Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A , Personal de Salud , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Dolor , Fiebre , Inmunización , Vacunas contra la InfluenzaRESUMEN
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever [CCHF] is a life-threatening viral haemorrhagic fever. This paper reports on the first multifocal outbreak recorded in the Afghanistan. The outbreak was detected in 2008 in the Western Region of the country and 30 cases [17 males and 13 females] were detected between 10 July and 22 October 2008. Standard case definitions based on World Health Organization sources were used. Most of the cases [27] occurred in Herat province; 25 were aged between 18-55,1 was > 55 years and 4 were12-18 years [median age was 27 years]. The case fatality rate was 33%; 41% among males and 23% among females [P - 0.29]. Significantly more patients infected by contact with meat and body fluids died that those whose contact was through animal husbandry or ticks [P = 0.0048]. Of the 30 cases, 33 close contacts were traced; 3 were positive for CCHF IgM with no symptomatic evidence of the disease
Asunto(s)
Fiebre Hemorrágica de Crimea , Trazado de Contacto , PronósticoRESUMEN
Plague, which is most often caused by the bite of Yersinia pestis-infected fleas, is a rapidly progressing, serious disease that can be fatal without prompt antibiotic treatment. In late December 2007, an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred in Nimroz Province of southern Afghanistan. Of the 83 probable cases of illness, 17 died (case fatality 20·5%). Being a case was associated with consumption or handling of camel meat (adjusted odds ratio 4·4, 95% confidence interval 2·2-8·8, P<0·001). Molecular testing of patient clinical samples and of tissue from the camel using PCR/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry revealed DNA signatures consistent with Yersinia pestis. Confirmatory testing using real-time PCR and immunological seroconversion of one of the patients confirmed that the outbreak was caused by plague, with a rare gastrointestinal presentation. The study highlights the challenges of identifying infectious agents in low-resource settings; it is the first reported occurrence of plague in Afghanistan.