Asunto(s)
Costos de la Atención en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud/normas , Servicio de Cirugía en Hospital/estadística & datos numéricos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Operativos/normas , África del Sur del Sahara , Humanos , Agencias Internacionales , Salud Laboral/estadística & datos numéricos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Operativos/economíaRESUMEN
Reproductive and sexual rights are at the centre of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic through culturally defined gender roles, gender-based violence and limited access to quality health care. AIDS control is one of the Millennium Goals, and the '3-by-5' initiative [antiretroviral (ARV) therapy for all in need by 2005] is far from reaching its target. Apart from the reduction in morbidity and mortality due to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, proven effective interventions for reproductive health include consistent condom use, voluntary counselling and testing, promoting earlier treatment and adhesion to preventative measures, and the use of ARV therapy, Caesarean section and bottle-feeding to reduce vertical transmission. The effectiveness of control of sexually transmitted infection is dependent on the maturity of the AIDS epidemic, but is an essential intervention due to other serious consequences for sexual and reproductive health. Male circumcision is a polemic preventive measure under debate, and microbicide products, a promising women-controlled method, are still undergoing efficacy trials. A reasonably organized and accessible health sector, the involvement of males in reproductive health debate and a gender-sensitive, rights-based political agenda, with ample participation of communities, are necessary for reproductive health interventions to move from proved efficacy to necessary effectiveness, putting evidence into practice.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Derechos Sexuales y Reproductivos , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/prevención & control , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/transmisión , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/transmisión , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Humanos , Transmisión Vertical de Enfermedad Infecciosa/prevención & control , Masculino , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Embarazo , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/prevención & control , Conducta Sexual , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/prevención & control , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/transmisión , Naciones UnidasRESUMEN
Dois anos apos a publicação do Manual de Obstetrícia Pratica, cuja aceitação foi grande no seio do pessoal de saúde a que se destinava, os autores quiseram dar continuidade ao esforço de providenciar mais material de estudo no domínio da obstetrícia. O livro Conduta Obstétrica, agora publicada, está principalmente orientado para parteiras, técnicos de medicina e técnicos de cirurgia, mas pode igualmente ser útil para o estudante de medicina e para o médico de clinica geral, como forma de uma revisão rápida dos princípios básicos da conduta obstétrica