RESUMEN
Hypoxia conditioned by chronic pulmonary insufficiency is associated in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis with a more intense free-radical oxidation. A reduced ventilation of the lungs is concurrent in patients with a higher level of malonic aldehyde, as well as with a lower activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. The liver is involved into the pathological process as a back-feed mechanism in response to the oxidation shift in tissues. Changes of the blood amine-acid spectrum, disproteimenia and hyper-fermentation observed in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) denote the impaired hepatocyte condition. The regulating liver function is displayed through an intensified synthesis of endogenous antioxidants: 1) high-molecular--superoxide dismutase, catalase, ceruloplasmia and albumin; 2) low-molecular--uric acid, thiol compounds, biogenic amines, bilirubin, cholesterol as well as molecules of the bioenergetics cycles. As for the early COB stages, a higher level of antioxidant enzymes is more pronounced, whereas, the low-molecule endogenous antioxidants are in the forefront in the disease later stages.
Asunto(s)
Bronquitis Crónica/fisiopatología , Hepatomegalia/fisiopatología , Adulto , Albúminas/metabolismo , Bronquitis Crónica/enzimología , Bronquitis Crónica/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Hepatomegalia/enzimología , Hepatomegalia/epidemiología , Homeostasis , Humanos , Elastasa de Leucocito/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Miners of diamond extraction industry in Yakutia demonstrated higher intensity of lipid peroxidation. Longstanding compensatory adaptive response to increased free radical oxidation and to unfavorable climate factors is higher superoxide dismutase and catalase and changes in protein metabolism. Lack of C and E vitamins in miners results from increased utilization due to strain of antioxidant defence mechanisms.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Diamante , Polvo/efectos adversos , Minería , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Adulto , Deficiencia de Ácido Ascórbico/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Deficiencia de Vitamina E/metabolismoRESUMEN
Presented are the results of antioxidant status of inhabitants of Yakutia. The intensity of lipid peroxydation depends on professional factors: influence of the quartz dust and smoking. Miners and smokers have high concentration of malonil dialdegide in blood. The SOD and catalase levels did not statistically depend on sex and nationality, but increased in miners and smokers. Insufficiency of vitamins C, A and E combined with immunoglobulins deviations. It should be noticed that country-people have more deviations in vitamin and immune status than towns-people.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Deficiencia de Ácido Ascórbico/diagnóstico , Catalasa/sangre , Peroxidación de Lípido , Malondialdehído/sangre , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre , Deficiencia de Vitamina E/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Polvo/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunodifusión , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Minería , Población Rural , Siberia , Fumar/efectos adversos , Población UrbanaRESUMEN
Slow progressing experimental coniosis was induced by exposure to two samples of silica dust that was obtained from diamond openwork in "Mir" quarry of Yakutia. Moderate fibrogenicity of the dusts studied results from relatively low portions of silica and from metals oxides admixtures.
Asunto(s)
Diamante , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Polvo , Sustancias Peligrosas/efectos adversos , Industrias , Minería , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Dióxido de Silicio/efectos adversos , Silicosis/etiología , Animales , Humanos , Masculino , RatasRESUMEN
Presented are the results of nutrition status of 803 inhabitants of Yakutia both sexes at the age from 20 to 50. 22 per cent of examined men and 42 per cent of examined women had redundant body mass. It relates to high caloric diet and unbalance between consumption and expense of energy. High caloric diet is a cause of hypercholesterinemia and hypertriglyceridemia among young and old people. The most part of residents had insufficiency of vitamin C and beta-carotene in winter. It relates to deficit of fruit and vegetables in diet. 8 per cent of examined men and 30 per cent of examined women had low level of hemoglobin. Thus, rational nutrition is necessary for prophylaxis diseases in the Far North.
Asunto(s)
Deficiencia de Ácido Ascórbico/epidemiología , Hipercolesterolemia/epidemiología , Estado Nutricional , Oligoelementos/deficiencia , beta Caroteno/deficiencia , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Dieta , Femenino , Hemoglobinometría , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Población Rural , Estaciones del Año , Factores Sexuales , Siberia , Población UrbanaRESUMEN
Long-term administration of ascorbic acid into rats with silicosis retarded lung fibrosis development. Noticeable effect exhibited daily administration of the vitamin in high doses (10 mg per a rat or 40 mg/kg of body mass) which caused statistically distinct decrease in the pneumofibrosis process both within early steps of silicosis (3-6 weeks) and during the developed pneumofibrosis (14 weeks).