RESUMEN

Sweet orange Citrus sinensis peel is a phytobiotic agricultural waste with bioactive compounds that have potential functional properties as a growth promoter and immune stimulator. This study aims to evaluate the dietary effects of sweet orange peel (SOP) as a feed additive on growth enhancement of juvenile bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus and their disease resistance ability against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain 0 (SOP0, control), 4 (SOP4), 8 (SOP8) and 12 g/kg (SOP12) SOP. After 90 d of the feeding experiment, improvement in weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio were observed in the fish fed with SOP4. While fish survival was not significantly affected, hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices were significantly higher in fish fed with SOP12. Muscle protein was higher in fish fed with SOP4, SOP8, and SOP12 than in control but muscle lipids showed an opposite trend. A 14-d post-challenge test against A. hydrophila revealed no significant effect on the fish survival. Nevertheless, fish fed SOP4 encountered delayed bacterial infection compared to other treatments and fish fed with SOP0 and SOP4 performed numerically better survival. Infected fish showed skin depigmentation, haemorrhagic signs at the abdomen and anus, internal bleeding, and stomach and intestine enlargement. In conclusion, SOP4 could be recommended as a growth promoter while slightly delaying A. hydrophila infection in M. nemurus.

Asunto(s)

Bagres , Citrus sinensis , Enfermedades de los Peces , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas , Animales , Suplementos Dietéticos , Aeromonas hydrophila/fisiología , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/prevención & control , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Peces/prevención & control , Enfermedades de los Peces/microbiología , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Dieta

RESUMEN

Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a hazardous bacterium for agriculture production and human health. The present study identified E. meningoseptica from the bullfrog, human and reference strain BCRC 10677 by API 20NE, 50S ribosome protein L27 sequencing and pulse field gel electrophoresis to differentiate isolates of E. meningoseptica from aquatic animals and humans. All isolates from bullfrogs and humans were identified as E. meningoseptica by DNA sequencing with 98.8%-100% sequence identity. E. meningoseptica displayed significant genetic diversity when analysed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). There were six distinct pulsotypes, including one pulsotype found in bullfrog isolates and five pulsotypes found in human isolates. However, E. meningoseptica from bullfrog exhibited one genotype only by PFGE. Overall, molecular epidemiological analysis of PFGE results indicated that the frog E. meningoseptica outbreaks in Taiwan were produced by genetically identical clones. The bullfrog isolates were not genetically related to other E. meningoseptica from human and reference isolates. This research provided the first comparisons of biochemical characteristics and genetic differences of E. meningoseptica from human and bullfrog isolates.

Asunto(s)

Chryseobacterium , Enfermedades de los Peces , Infecciones por Flavobacteriaceae , Humanos , Animales , Rana catesbeiana , Taiwán/epidemiología , Infecciones por Flavobacteriaceae/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Peces/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Peces/tratamiento farmacológico , Chryseobacterium/genética , Genotipo , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado/veterinaria , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico

RESUMEN

Lymphocystic disease affects over 150 species of marine and freshwater fish worldwide. In this study, the lymphocystis pathogen was found in 2 (Amphiprion ocellaris and Amphiprion clarkii) of the 9 species of clownfish. Detection of lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) was based on histopathological study, electron microscope observation of virus particles and gene sequence analysis from the MCP region. Infected A. ocellaris hosts showed sparse, multifocal, white, stiff, papilloma-like nodules on the body, skin, gills and fins; while, on A. clarkia, nodules were found on the operculum skin. Histopathologic study showed lymphocystic cells with an irregular nucleus, enlarged cytoplasm and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies surrounded by the cell membrane. The viral particle presents virions 180-230 nm in diameter, hexagonal in shape with an inner dense nucleoid under transmission electron micrographs (TEM). From the ML polygenetic tree, the clownfish LCVD genotype was closely related to the LCDV strain from paradise fish, Macropodus opercularis (KJ408271) (pairwise distance: 92.5%) from China, then followed by the strain from Spain (GU320726 and GU320736) (pairwise distance: 90.8-90.5%), Korea (AB299163, AB212999, AB213004, and AB299164) (pairwise distance: 91.5-80.5%) and lastly Canada (GU939626) (pairwise distance: 83%). This is the first report of lymphocystis disease in A. clarkii in Taiwan.

RESUMEN

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effect of long-term high-fat diet on the expressions of insulin receptor substrates in the hippocampus and spatial learning and memory ability of obese rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 100 4-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups and fed with common diet (CD group, n=40) or high-fat diet (HFD group, n=60) for 16 weeks. At 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks, 8 rats were randomly selected from each group for testing their spatial learning and memory function using Morris water maze. After the tests, the rats were sacrificed for measurement of the metabolic parameters and detection of the expressions of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and IRS-2 mRNAs in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those in CD group, the rats in HFD group showed a prolonged escape latency, longer swimming distance, faster average swimming speed, and shorter stay in the platformat 12 weeks. In HFD group, the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting insulin were all significantly increased (P<0.05) and the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased (P<0.01) in comparison with those in CD group at each of the time points. No significant difference was found in fast glucose levels between the two groups (P>0.05), but the expressions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 mRNAs were significantly decreased in HFD group at 12 weeks (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In obese rats, long-term feeding with high-fat diet leads to insulin resistance, which interferes with hippocampal expression of insulin receptor substrates and insulin metabolism to cause impairment of the cognitive function and accelerate cognitive deterioration.</p>

RESUMEN

Hyperlipidemia is a common clinical disease. In recent years, the incidence of hyperlipidemia increased, and patients gradually increased. Hyperlipidemia easily leads to atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and causes crisis to human health. Clinically, Western medicine treatment has a good effect, but also the existence of side effects and even toxic effects, long-term use of drug resistance and other issues. Chinese materia medica (CMM) under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory, with good efficacy and side effects of small features in the clinical dialectical treatment, plays the characteristics of Chinese medicine, and has obvious advantages. In this paper, CMM monomer, single CMM, compound, and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of hyperlipidemia were reviewed, and Chinese medicine lipid-lowering development prospects and problems were analyzed.

RESUMEN

The research on quality control of Chinese materia medica (CMM) has always been the key to the research and development of CMM. The quality standard of CMM determines the safety and effectiveness of CMM. As the effective ingredients of CMM, pharmacological material base is not clear, making it difficult to internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine. Faced with this problem, modern pharmacy research has made a lot of remarkable results. The determination of intrinsic components by high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and so on, from single index to multi-index, combined with fingerprints and pharmacological effects of research have made a lot of progress. Quality markers of the new concept of the proposed quality standards for CMM put forward new requirements, is conducive to the establishment of quality control and quality traceability system of CMM, which brings new hope for the development of CMM industry.

RESUMEN

Angiostrongylus cantonensis (A. cantonensis) is a rodent nematode. Adult worms of A. cantonensis live in the pulmonary arteries of rats; humans are non-permissive hosts like the mice. The larva cannot develop into an adult worm and only causes serious eosinophilic meningitis or meningo-encephalitis if humans or mice eat food containing larva of A. cantonensis in the third stage. The differing consequences largely depend on differing immune responses of hosts to parasite during A. cantonensis invasion and development. To further understand the reasons why mice and rats attain different outcomes in A. cantonensis infection, we used the HE staining to observe the pathological changes of infected mice and rats. In addition, we measured mRNA levels of some cytokines (IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, Eotaxin, IL-4, IL-10, TGF-ß, IFN-γ, IL-17A, TNF-α, IL-1ß, and iNOS) in brain tissues of mice and rats by real-time PCR. The result showed that brain inflammation in mice was more serious than in rats. Meanwhile, mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-1ß, TNF-α, and iNOS increased after mice were infected. In contrast, mRNA levels of these cytokines in rats brain tissues decreased at post- infection 21 days. These cytokines mostly were secreted by activated microglia in central nervous system. Microglia of mice and rats were showed by Iba-1 (microglia marker) staining. In micee brains, microglia got together and had more significant activation than in rats brains. The results demonstrate that mice and rats have different CNS inflammation after infection by A. cantonensis, and it is in line with other researchers' reported findings. In conclusion, it is suggested that microglia activation is probably to be one of the most important factors in angiostrongyliasis from our study.

Asunto(s)

Angiostrongylus cantonensis , Encefalitis/parasitología , Inflamación/parasitología , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitología , Adulto , Animales , Encéfalo/parasitología , Encéfalo/patología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Encefalitis/patología , Humanos , Inflamación/patología , Meningitis/patología , Ratones , Microglía/parasitología , Ratas , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Coloración y Etiquetado , Infecciones por Strongylida/patología

RESUMEN

To obtain the gene encoding SIEA26-28 ku, which has been proven to be a potential anti-schistosomiasis vaccine candidate, screening Schistosoma japonicum (Sj) cercariae cDNA library with soluble specific single-chain antibody (SIEA26-28 ku-scFv) was performed. A large amount of specific single-chain antibody was harvested through construction of recombinant expression vector pET32a/scFv. The protein was purified and characterized. By using this protein (PET32a-scFv) as a probe, S. japonicum cercariae cDNA library was screened. Two strong positive clones were selected, and their eukaryotic recombinant plasmids were constructed. These genes were named as S. japonicum ribosomal protein S4 (SjRPS4) and S. japonicum ribosomal protein L7 (SjRPL7), respectively. Experiments of mice showed that both SjRPS4 and SjRPL7 DNA vaccines could induce significant immunoprotection. Result of these experiments further proved that the specific single-chain antibody is a very valuable tool in screening of cDNA library to get the corresponding molecules.

Asunto(s)

Biblioteca de Genes , Inmunización/métodos , Proteínas Protozoarias/inmunología , Schistosoma japonicum/inmunología , Esquistosomiasis Japónica/prevención & control , Anticuerpos de Cadena Única , Vacunas de ADN/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Femenino , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Intestinos/parasitología , Hígado/parasitología , Ratones , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos , Plásmidos , Proteínas Protozoarias/genética , Proteínas Ribosómicas/genética , Proteínas Ribosómicas/inmunología , Schistosoma japonicum/genética , Esquistosomiasis Japónica/inmunología , Esquistosomiasis Japónica/parasitología , Útero/parasitología

RESUMEN

Objective:To prepare and characterize specific and discrepant mouse hybridoma antibodies on membrane of HL60 and HL60/ADR cell lines.Methods:BALB/c mice were immunized by subtractive immunization induced Cp(Cyclophosphamide).McAbs were prepared by hybridoma technique,screened and detected by FACS and LSCM.Results:51 candidates and discrepant antibodies were found,and one of them (5F6) was purified and identified.Conclusion:Combination of SI with discrepant screening method should facilitate the preparing and identifying discrepant McAbs for identifying antibodies that can distinguish the differences in proteins expressed in HL60 and HL60/ADR,which is a significative and potential method in the research and target therapy associated drug-resistance.

RESUMEN

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the feasibility and authenticity of repairing alveolar defects in alveolar cleft patients with osteoinduction active material (OAM) in clinic.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-seven cases of alveolar defect chosen from clinic were divided into two groups (test group and control group). For test group (12 cases), OAM was transplanted to repair the alveolar cleft. For control group (15 cases), autogenous ilium cancellous bone were transplanted into the defect region to repair alveolar cleft. At 6 months after operation, CT and three-dimensional reconstruction were used to observe alveolar appearance, and the effect and clinical success rate of recover alveolar cleft by using different repair material were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 27 cases, all the maxillary continuity was restored except two of test group and two of control group. There was no significant difference between test group and control group regarding the clinical success rate of the alveolar cleft repair (P = 1.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>OAM was used to repair the alveolar cleft that can result in new bone formations and the burgeon of canines from the bone grafted areas. There is no significant difference between OAM and autogenous ilium cancellous bone regarding the effect of the alveolar cleft repair.</p>

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Proceso Alveolar , Patología , Cirugía General , Materiales Biocompatibles , Usos Terapéuticos , Regeneración Ósea , Trasplante Óseo , Fisura del Paladar , Cirugía General , Ilion , Trasplante

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate HMGB-1 expression and its extracellular release of cultured primary hepatic parenchymal cells (HC) and Kupffer cells (KC) that were induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). METHODS: Primary hepatic parenchymal cells and Kupffer cells were cultured in flasks, and some cells were treated with 500 microg/L LPS for 24 hours (induced group) and some were not treated with LPS and served as controls. All of the cells were repeatedly frozen-thawed, and the expression levels of HMGB1-mRNA and HMGB1 proteins were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Then HC and KC were subcultured in 24-well culture plates for 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, and the HMGB1 protein in culture fluids was detected by Western blot at each time point. RESULTS: Compared with the cells in the control group, the expression levels of HMGB1-mRNA in the induced group were significantly increased in both HC and KC at 24 h (t=31.32 and 45.90, P<0.05) and the protein levels of HMGB1 showed the same results (t=46.19 and 38.44, P<0.05). There was a small quantity of HMGB1 protein in the culture fluids of two control groups and the induced group of HC. However the HMGB1 protein in the induced group of KC were obviously increased with prolonged culture time (F=42.74, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the level of HMGB1 protein in the induced group of KC was not increased at 6 h (t=9.57, P>0.05) but was significantly increased at 12 h, 24 h and 48 h (t=21.95, 32.39, 44.16, respectively P<0.05). CONCLUSION: LPS could increase HMGB1 expression of HC and KC and HMGB1 release from KC, but not from HC. The results suggest that KC play an important role in triggering inflammation and liver injury.

Asunto(s)

Proteína HMGB1/metabolismo , Hepatocitos/metabolismo , Macrófagos del Hígado/metabolismo , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Femenino , Lipopolisacáridos , Hígado/citología , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , ARN Mensajero/genética , Ratas , Ratas Wistar

RESUMEN

AIM: To develop and characterize a practical model of Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) in rats. METHODS: The experimental animals were randomized into five feeding groups: (1) control (fed standard diet), (2) control plus intraperitoneal injection with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), (3) cirrhosis (fed a diet of maize flour, lard, cholesterol, and alcohol plus subcutaneously injection with carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) oil solution), (4) cirrhosis plus LPS, and (5) cirrhosis plus glycine and LPS. The blood, liver and lung tissues of rats were sampled for analysis and characterization. Technetium 99m-labeled macroaggregated albumin (Tc99m-MAA) was used to test the dilatation of pulmonary microvasculature. RESULTS: Typical cirrhosis and subsequent hepato-pulmonary syndrome was observed in the cirrhosis groups after an 8 wk feeding period. In rats with cirrhosis, there were a decreased PaO(2) and PaCO(2) in arterial blood, markedly decreased arterial O(2) content, a significantly increased alveolar to arterial oxygen gradient, an increased number of bacterial translocated within mesenteric lymph node, a significant higher level of LPS and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in plasma, and a significant greater ratio of Tc99m-MAA brain-over-lung radioactivity. After LPS administration in rats with cirrhosis, various pathological parameters got worse and pulmonary edema formed. The predisposition of glycine antagonized the effects of LPS and significantly alleviated various pathological alterations. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that: (1) a characteristic rat model of HPS can be non-invasively induced by multiple pathogenic factors including high fat diet, alcohol, cholesterol and CCl(4); (2) this model can be used for study of hepatopulmonary syndrome and is clinically relevant; and (3) intestinal endotoxemia (IETM) and its accompanying cytokines, such as TNF-alpha, exert a crucial role in the pathogenesis of HPS in this model.

Asunto(s)

Endotoxemia/complicaciones , Síndrome Hepatopulmonar/etiología , Cirrosis Hepática Experimental/complicaciones , Animales , Traslocación Bacteriana , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Lipopolisacáridos/toxicidad , Pulmón/patología , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre

Asunto(s)

Adenoviridae/genética , Hepatocitos/metabolismo , ARN Interferente Pequeño , Animales , Hepatocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Receptor fas/biosíntesis

RESUMEN

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate HMGB-1 expression and its extracellular release of cultured primary hepatic parenchymal cells (HC) and Kupffer cells (KC) that were induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primary hepatic parenchymal cells and Kupffer cells were cultured in flasks, and some cells were treated with 500 microg/L LPS for 24 hours (induced group) and some were not treated with LPS and served as controls. All of the cells were repeatedly frozen-thawed, and the expression levels of HMGB1-mRNA and HMGB1 proteins were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Then HC and KC were subcultured in 24-well culture plates for 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, and the HMGB1 protein in culture fluids was detected by Western blot at each time point.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the cells in the control group, the expression levels of HMGB1-mRNA in the induced group were significantly increased in both HC and KC at 24 h (t=31.32 and 45.90, P<0.05) and the protein levels of HMGB1 showed the same results (t=46.19 and 38.44, P<0.05). There was a small quantity of HMGB1 protein in the culture fluids of two control groups and the induced group of HC. However the HMGB1 protein in the induced group of KC were obviously increased with prolonged culture time (F=42.74, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the level of HMGB1 protein in the induced group of KC was not increased at 6 h (t=9.57, P>0.05) but was significantly increased at 12 h, 24 h and 48 h (t=21.95, 32.39, 44.16, respectively P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LPS could increase HMGB1 expression of HC and KC and HMGB1 release from KC, but not from HC. The results suggest that KC play an important role in triggering inflammation and liver injury.</p>

Asunto(s)

Animales , Femenino , Ratas , Células Cultivadas , Proteína HMGB1 , Metabolismo , Hepatocitos , Metabolismo , Macrófagos del Hígado , Metabolismo , Lipopolisacáridos , Hígado , Biología Celular , Metabolismo , Patología , ARN Mensajero , Genética , Ratas Wistar

RESUMEN

AIM: To observe the inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication and expression by transfecting vector-based small interference RNA (siRNA) pGenesil-HBV X targeting HBV X gene region into HepG2.2.15 cells. METHODS: pGenesil-HBV X was constructed and transfected into HepG2.2.15 cells via lipofection. HBV antigen secretion was determined 24, 48, and 72 h after transfection by time-resolved immunofluorometric assays (TRFIA). HBV replication was examined by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the expression of cytoplasmic viral proteins was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg into the supernatant was found to be inhibited by 28.5% and 32.2% (P < 0.01), and by 38.67% (P < 0.05) and 42.86% (P < 0.01) at 48 h and 72 h after pGenesil-HBV X transfection, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining for cytoplasmic HBsAg showed a similar decline in HepG2.2.15 cells 48 h after transfection. The number of HBV genomes within culture supernatants was also significantly decreased 48 h and 72 h post-transfection as quantified by fluorescence PCR (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In HepG2.2.15 cells, HBV replication and expression is inhibited by vector-based siRNA pGenesil-HBV X targeting the HBV X coding region.

Asunto(s)

Replicación del ADN/genética , Virus de la Hepatitis B/genética , Hepatoblastoma/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Interferencia de ARN/fisiología , Transactivadores/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Replicación del ADN/fisiología , ADN Viral/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Regulación Viral de la Expresión Génica/genética , Regulación Viral de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Vectores Genéticos , Antígenos de la Hepatitis B/genética , Antígenos de la Hepatitis B/metabolismo , Antígenos de Superficie de la Hepatitis B/genética , Antígenos de Superficie de la Hepatitis B/metabolismo , Antígenos e de la Hepatitis B/genética , Antígenos e de la Hepatitis B/metabolismo , Virus de la Hepatitis B/metabolismo , Hepatoblastoma/metabolismo , Hepatoblastoma/patología , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Plásmidos/genética , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , ARN Viral/genética , Transactivadores/genética , Transfección , Proteínas Reguladoras y Accesorias Virales

Asunto(s)

Proteína HMGB1/biosíntesis , Fallo Hepático Agudo/metabolismo , Animales , Endotoxinas , Femenino , Fallo Hepático Agudo/inducido químicamente , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar

RESUMEN

In a fusion of BABL/C murine spleen cells immunizated with human fetal thymocytes and P_3X_(3)Ag_(,3), myeloma cells, six monoclonal antibodies(McAb) were produced. They were termed HIT_1. HIT_2. HIT_3. HIT_4.HIT_(6-1) and HIT_(6-2), respectively. The specificity of these McAbs were analysed by indirect immunofluorescence technique and FACS.Results showed that they reacted with 80～90%thymocytes,but hardly with peripheral blood mononuclear cells and spleen cells in adults,and nonreactive with red blood cells, granulocytes and platelets, According to their reaction with the tonsil cells, we can divide these six McAbs into three groups: Groupl including HIT_1, HIT_2, and HIT_(?) McAbs reacted approximately with 1/3 tonsil cells; basically GroupⅡ including HIT_(6-1) and HIT_(6-2) McAbs gave negative reaction with tonsil cells; GroupⅢ McAb HIT_4 reacted with 15% tonsil cells, which suggested these were a heterogeneous group McAbs with different specificities. In comparision with OKT series of McAbs in thymus, peripheral blood and tonsil, HIT_(1-3) are similar to OKT_(10) and,HTT6-l and HIT_(6-2) are just like OKT_6,but HIT_4 seems to be a new McAb different frOm HIT_(1-3) and HIT_(6-1) HII_(6-2). The competitive binding assay showed that HIT_(6-1) and HIT_(6-2) labeled with FITC can be inhibited by unlabeled HIT_(6-1) and HIT_(6-2) each other and can also be blocked by OKT_6, suggesting further these antibodies recognized a same epitope on thymocytes. Cross reaction were also demonstrated on HIT_1, and HIT_2 but not on HIT_3, suggesting HIT_1 and HIT_2 recognized the same determinant and HIT_3 recognized another. So six antibodies are McAbs against T cell differentiation antigens.They are useful for research the differentiation of T cells and the classification of malignant lymphadenosis diseases.