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Introduction: The trend of human migration to terrestrial high altitudes (HA) has been increasing over the years. However, no published prospective studies exist with follow-up periods exceeding 1 month to investigate the cardiac change. This prospective study aimed to investigate the changes in cardiac structure and function in healthy young male lowlanders following long-term migration to HA. Methods: A total of 122 Chinese healthy young males were divided into 2 groups: those migrating to altitudes between 3600 m and 4000 m (low HA group, n = 65) and those migrating to altitudes between 4000 m and 4700 m (high HA group, n = 57). Traditional echocardiographic parameters were measured at sea level, 1 month and 1 year after migration to HA. Results: All 4 cardiac chamber dimensions, areas, and volumes decreased after both 1 month and 1 year of HA exposure. This reduction was more pronounced in the high HA group than in the low HA group. Bi-ventricular diastolic function decreased after 1 month of HA exposure, while systolic function decreased after 1 year. Notably, these functional changes were not significantly influenced by altitude differences. Dilation of the pulmonary artery and a progressive increase in pulmonary artery systolic pressure were observed with both increasing exposure time and altitude. Additionally, a decreased diameter of the inferior vena cava and reduced bicuspid and tricuspid blood flow velocity indicated reduced blood flow following migration to the HA. Discussion: 1 year of migration to HA is associated with decreased blood volume and enhanced hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. These factors contribute to reduced cardiac chamber size and slight declines in bi-ventricular function.
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Coal mining is the world's primary means of coping with an increasing energy demand. However, with the mining of coal, the regional ecosystem has been damaged to varying degrees, resulting in a decrease in the "carbon sink" capacity. Vegetation restoration is the basis for the restoration of degraded ecosystems and carbon sequestration functions in mining areas. However, no systematic studies have been conducted on the effects of vegetation restoration on soil organic carbon in coal mining areas on a global scale. Therefore, it is not possible to accurately predict the response of the global SOC pool to vegetation restoration. In this study, soil physicochemical properties of vegetation restoration were collected from 112 peer-reviewed articles to assess the effects of vegetation restoration type, soil depth, restoration year, mean annual temperature, annual precipitation, and elevation on soil organic carbon in coal mining areas and to identify relevant key drivers. The results showed that the damaged coal mine area could significantly improve the physicochemical properties of the soil through vegetation restoration. The restored soils had 39.02% higher SOC reserves compared to that in unrestored or naturally restored soils. When environmental factors were not considered, the vegetation restoration types that were favorable for SOC stock accumulation were cropland > woodland > grassland > shrubland. All four types of vegetation restoration significantly increased the SOC storage in the surface layer (0-20 cm). Grassland and shrubs significantly increased SOC storage at depth (>40 cm), whereas SOC storage at depth under woodland and farmland types was not significantly different from SOC storage after unrestored or natural restoration. The increasing trend of SOC storage after vegetation restoration decreased with increasing soil depth. The specific vegetation restoration strategy should select the appropriate vegetation type according to the climatic conditions. The types of vegetation restoration with higher carbon sequestration effects in damaged coal mining areas with mean annual temperature <0â and mean annual precipitation <500 mm were grassland or shrubland. In contrast, woodland and cropland restoration types could better increase SOC storage in environments with mean annual temperature >15â and annual precipitation >800 mm. TN, BD, AN, and AK were the main factors influencing the ability to affect soil carbon sequestration. This study can provide a theoretical reference for quantifying the carbon sequestration effects of different vegetation restoration measures in damaged coal mining areas and the restoration and reconstruction of degraded ecosystems.
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BACKGROUND: Asthma is a chronic illness that causes recurrent inflammation and airway constriction. The primary risk factors for asthma development are exposure to environmental allergens and house dust mites, which can trigger deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Oxidative stress can also cause DNA impairments and plays a crucial role in the progression of human immunological disorders. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of oridonin (ORD) on proliferation, inflammation and apoptosis in interleukin 4 (IL-4)-stimulated human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Proliferation was assessed using a 5-Bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay, while acridine orange (AO), ethidium bromide (EB), propidium iodide, and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) measured apoptosis. The protein expression levels of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC), cleaved caspase-1, and nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) were detected with western blot. RESULTS: The results established that IL-4 stimulation markedly decreased (p < 0.05) the proliferation of 16HBE cells, while the administration of ORD increased their proliferation. Apoptosis and DNA damage were enhanced in the IL-4-stimulated group, whereas ORD exhibited anti-apoptotic activity. Moreover, the treatment with ORD significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the IL-4-induced expression of cleaved caspase-1, ASC and NLRP3 proteins. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that NLRP3 is a direct target for ORD-mediated anti-inflammatory actions in injured 16HBE cells. Therefore, ORD may be a novel therapy against NLRP3-related disorders, including pediatric asthma (PA).
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Asma , Diterpenos de Tipo Kaurano , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR , Niño , Humanos , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/metabolismo , Inflamasomas/metabolismo , Interleucina-4/farmacología , Apoptosis , Inflamación/metabolismo , Caspasa 1/metabolismo , Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , ADN , Interleucina-1betaRESUMEN
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is an indicator of nutritional status in the body. Vitamin D (VD) is important for promoting calcium and phosphorus absorption and bone health. This work investigated the correlation between 25(OH)D level and bone density and bone development in infants. the bone density in 150 infants aged 0 to 3 years was measured by ultrasound. Based on the values of bone density, the infants were grouped into a normal (N) group (n = 95) and an abnormal (ABN) group (n = 55). At the same time, serum 25(OH)D, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were detected to analyze their correlations. 25(OH)D, calcium, and phosphorus levels in the ABN group were greatly decreased, while ALP and PTH levels were increased obviously, all presenting remarkable differences with those in the N group (P<0.05). 25(OH)D was positively linked with bone density (r=0.918, P<0.01), calcium level (r=0.316, P<0.05) and phosphorus level (r=0.209, P<0.05) but showed negative associations with ALP level (r=-0.428, P<0.01) and PTH level (r=-0.327, P<0.05). elevating 25(OH)D was crucial in reducing the incidence of abnormal bone density, bettering bone metabolism, and improving the bone health of infants.
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Densidad Ósea , Calcio , Humanos , Lactante , Vitaminas , Fosfatasa Alcalina , Colorantes , DEET , FósforoRESUMEN
The amine submetabolome, including amino acids (AAs) and biogenic amines (BAs), is a class of small molecular compounds exhibiting important physiological activities. Here, a new pyrylium salt named 6,7-dimethoxy-3-methyl isochromenylium tetrafluoroborate ([d0]-DMMIC) with stable isotope-labeled reagents ([d3]-/[d6]-DMMIC) was designed and synthesized for amino compounds. [d0]-/[d3]-/[d6]-DMMIC-derivatized had a charged tag and formed a set of molecular ions with an increase of 3.02 m/z and the characteristic fragment ions of m/z 204.1:207.1:210.1. When DMMIC coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), a systematic methodology evaluation for quantitation proved to have good linearity (R2 between 0.9904 and 0.9998), precision (interday: 2.2-21.9%; intraday: 1.0-19.7%), and accuracy (recovery: 71.8-108.8%) through the test AAs. Finally, the methods based on DMMIC and LC-MS demonstrated the advantaged application by the nontargeted screening of BAs in a common medicinal herb Senecio scandens and an analysis of metabolic differences among the amine submetabolomes between the carcinoma and paracarcinoma tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 20 BA candidates were discovered in S. scandens as well as the finding of 13 amine metabolites might be the highest-potential differential metabolites in ESCC. The results showed the ability of DMMIC coupled with LC-MS to analyze the amine submetabolome in herbs and clinical tissues.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago , Humanos , Cromatografía Liquida/métodos , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/métodos , Aminoácidos/química , Aminas Biogénicas , Cloruro de Sodio , Isótopos de Carbono/químicaRESUMEN
Two endophytic bacteria, designated strains CQZ9-1T and MQZ9-1, were isolated from semi-mangrove plant Acrostichum aureum collected from Maowei Sea Mangrove Nature Reserve in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China. The two strains possessed almost identical 16S rRNA gene sequences (99.7â%). The average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI) and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between the two strains were 100â%, indicating that they represented the same species. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strains CQZ9-1T, MQZ9-1 and the most closely related type strains, Jiella mangrovi KSK16Y-1T, Jiella sonneratiae MQZ13P-4T and Jiella endophytica CBS 5Q-3T were 98.0-98.1, 97.3-97.4 and 97.3-97.4â%, respectively. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and genome sequences indicated that CQZ9-1T and MQZ9-1 formed a distinct lineage with J. endophytica CBS5Q-3T, Jiella pacifica 40Bstr34T, J. mangrovi KSK16Y-1T, J. sonneratiae MQZ13P-4T, Jiella aquimaris JCM 30119T and J. aquimaris 22II-16-19i. The draft genomes of strains CQZ9-1T and MQZ9-1 were 4ââ162ââ933 bp and 4ââ164ââ266 bp in size, respectively, and their DNA G+C contents were both 63.8â%. Comparative genome analysis of the two strains and the type strains of related species revealed ANI, AAI and dDDH values below the cut-off levels of 95-96, 95.5 and 70â%, respectively. The ubiquinone detected in CQZ9-1T was Q-10. The major cellular fatty acid of strains CQZ9-1T and MQZ9-1 was found to be C18:1ω7c. Combined data from phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic studies indicated that CQZ9-1T and MQZ9-1 represent a novel species of the genus Jiella, for which the name Jiella flava sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CQZ9-1T (= CGMCC 1.18725T = JCM 34331T).
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Ácidos Grasos , Ubiquinona , Aminoácidos , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Composición de Base , China , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Grasos/química , Genómica , Nucleótidos , Fosfolípidos/química , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Ubiquinona/químicaRESUMEN
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NKILA, localized to 20q13.31, is a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling implicated in carcinogenesis. As a CpG island is embedded in the promoter region of NKILA, it is hypothesized as a tumor suppressor lncRNA silenced by promoter DNA methylation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). By pyrosequencing-verified methylation-specific PCR, NKILA methylation was detected in 1/10 (10%) NHL cell lines, but not in normal peripheral blood buffy coats or tonsils. NKILA methylation correlated with the repression of NKILA in cell lines. Hypomethylation treatment with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine resulted in promoter demethylation and the re-expression of NKILA. In 102 NHL primary samples, NKILA was methylated in 29 (51.79%) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and 4 (20%) peripheral T-cell lymphoma cases, but unmethylated in all 26 mantle cell lymphoma cases. Mechanistically, the knockdown of NKILA resulted in promoting IkBα phosphorylation, associated with nucleus translocation of total p65 and phosphorylated p65 in SU-DHL-1 cells, hence constitutive NF-κB activation. Functionally, the knockdown of NKILA in SU-DHL-1 cells led to decreased cell death and increased cellular proliferation. Collectively, NKILA was a tumor suppressor lncRNA frequently hypermethylated in DLBCL. Promoter DNA methylation-mediated NKILA silencing resulted in increased cellular proliferation and decreased cell death via the repression of NF-κB signaling in NHL.
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Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Metilación de ADN , Epigénesis Genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Linfoma no Hodgkin/patología , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , ARN Largo no Codificante/antagonistas & inhibidores , Apoptosis , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Proliferación Celular , Genes Supresores de Tumor , Humanos , Linfoma no Hodgkin/genética , Linfoma no Hodgkin/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/genética , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , Transducción de Señal , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Many researchers have reported predicting the outcome of oral food challenges (OFCs) on the basis of specific IgE (sIgE) levels. However, the clinical usefulness of the determination of IgE antibodies to egg allergen components in Chinese children with suspected boiled egg allergy is not well studied. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the diagnostic performance of sIgE to egg white and Gal d 1, 2, 3, and 5 based on the open challenge outcome for boiled egg. METHODS: A total of 48 child patients with a suspect of boiled egg allergy were included. Serum egg white and Gal d 1, 2, 3, and 5 sIgE were measured by ImmunoCAP. Diagnostic value was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). RESULTS: Using the OFC results as the reference parameter, Gal d 1 sIgE had the highest AUC (0.84) compared with egg white (0.77) and other investigated components (ranging from 0.51 to 0.71). The clinical sensitivity and specificity for the sIgE to Gal d 1 at optimal cutoff (6.15 kUA/L) were 73.7% and 96.7%, respectively. Sensitization to Gal d 1 with a cutoff value of >7.48 kUA/L indicated a 90% probability of positive challenge. CONCLUSION: Quantitative measurements of Gal d 1 sIgE antibodies using ImmunoCAP are useful in the management of boiled egg allergy in Chinese children.
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Alérgenos/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad al Huevo/epidemiología , Hipersensibilidad al Huevo/inmunología , Clara de Huevo/efectos adversos , Huevos/efectos adversos , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Especificidad de Anticuerpos/inmunología , Biomarcadores , Niño , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Hipersensibilidad al Huevo/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Lactante , Masculino , Pronóstico , Curva ROC , Pruebas Cutáneas , Evaluación de SíntomasRESUMEN
Respiratory muscle function has a significant effect on stroke. Stroke is one of the most common cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the clinic and has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. Hemiplegia, cerebral hemorrhage, and even death can occur, mainly in the elderly. In this paper, we meta-analyzed the effect of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle function. In this article, we used a topic search method to search for relevant literature on respiratory muscle training and obtained 58 and 32 literature studies from CNKI and Wanfang Data, respectively. As a result of the screening, 36 and 28 documents were obtained. In this paper, 64 selected articles were studied. The authors make statistics on the literature of designing serum content index and multislice spiral CT (Member of the Society of Cardiological Technicians) image of patients, so as to analyze the influence of CT image and inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle function. The study showed that FVC, FEV1, MIP, and diaphragm mobility of the experimental group were significantly improved after treatment in more than 85% of the studies (P < 0.05), while those of the control group were not significantly improved (P > 0.05). The comparison between the two groups after treatment showed that FVC, FEV1, MIP, and diaphragm mobility of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The application of multislice spiral CT image analysis technology can effectively evaluate the effect of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory dysfunction in stroke patients, the mechanism of which regulates the expression of related pathways, suppresses the inflammatory response, and can reduce oxidative stress damage. Therefore, respiratory muscle training can improve the function of respiratory muscle and reduce the death rate of cerebellar hemorrhage in patients with stroke and other vascular diseases.
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Calidad de Vida , Músculos Respiratorios , Anciano , Ejercicios Respiratorios , Humanos , Respiración , Tomografía Computarizada EspiralRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To observe the correlation of osteoprotegerin, soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (sRANKL), inflammatory factors and epicardial adipose tissue volume (EATV) with the severity of coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: We studied 390 patients who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology of our hospital because of chest pain and underwent coronary angiography (CAG) from August 2018 to December 2019. According to CAG, 209 patients had non-CHD and 181 patients had CHD. Demographic data, biochemical indicators including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), lipoprotein a (Lp(a)), apolipoprotein B (apoB), apolipoprotein AI (apoAI), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), osteoprotegerin, sRANKL, inflammatory factors (hs-CRP, FIB and IL-6), and EATV were collected. RESULTS: The number of males, age, diabetes and hypertension in the CHD group was higher than those in the non-CHD group (P < .05). LDL-C, TC and apoB in the two groups were not significantly different (P > .05); HDL-C and apoAI in the CHD group were lower than those in the non-CHD group, and Lp(a) and CK-MB were higher than those in the control group (P < .05). Osteoprotegerin, IL-6, hs-CRP, EATV and FIB in the CHD group were higher than those in the non-CHD group, while sRANKL was lower than that in the control group (P < .05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that osteoprotegerin, sRANKL, inflammatory factors (hs-CRP, FIB and IL-6) and EATV were correlated with the severity of CHD (P < .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CK-MB, osteoprotegerin, sRANKL, inflammatory factors (hs-CRP, FIB and IL-6) and EATV were risk factors for CHD, while HDL-C, Lp(a), apoAI were protective factors. CONCLUSION: Osteoprotegerin, sRANKL, inflammatory factors and EATV were positively correlated with the severity of CHD, which had certain value for the diagnosis of CHD.
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Enfermedad Coronaria , Osteoprotegerina , Tejido Adiposo , Humanos , Masculino , Pericardio , Ligando RANKRESUMEN
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established treatment for high surgical risk aortic stenosis patients; in recent years, it has also been used in patients with pure/dominant aortic regurgitation (AR). This study aimed to determine the impact of transapical TAVI on left ventricle myocardial mechanics in AR patients. Thirty AR patients (70% men; mean age, 72.8 ± 4.3 years) were enrolled. Conventional echocardiography was performed on all patients before and 12 months after TAVI. Three-dimensional speckle tracking was accomplished in 20 AR patients for the evaluation of global longitudinal strain, global circumferential strain, twist, torsion, apical rotation and basal rotation. Preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), twist, torsion and apical rotation were impaired in AR patients compared with controls. Mean left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic diameter (from 62.9 ± 7.3 to 52.0 ± 6.8 mm, p < 0.001), LV end-diastolic volume (from 199.4 ± 55.0 to 130.1 ± 48.9 mL, p < 0.001), and LV mass index (179.8 ± 52.2-134.4 ± 42.5 g/m2, p = 0.001) decreased 12 months after TAVI. Interestingly, GLS (from - 17.2 ± 3.2 to - 18.9 ± 3.7, p = 0.007) and GCS (from - 23.9 ± 4.9 to - 25.7 ± 5.0, p = 0.008) improved significantly, but LVEF did not significantly improve. In terms of the rotational mechanics, twist, rotation and basal rotation remained almost unchanged, whereas apical rotation (from 7.4 ± 4.0 to 5.5 ± 3.9, p = 0.009) was significantly impaired after transapical TAVI. Our results indicate that LV function was improved in terms of myocardial deformation but worsened in terms of apical rotation 12 months after TAVI in AR patients. Three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography appears to be a sensitive method for detecting subtle cardiac remodeling after TAVI.
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Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Volumen Sistólico , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/fisiopatología , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Anciano , Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Válvula Aórtica/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/complicaciones , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/fisiopatología , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Ecocardiografía Tridimensional , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Recuperación de la Función , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/efectos adversos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/etiología , Remodelación VentricularRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Cardiac inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare primary cardiac tumor which is currently considered as a low-grade neoplasm. The tumor has a predilection in infants and adolescents and primarily occurs as an endocardial-based cavitary mass. However, cardiac IMT that only involves the interventricular septum in middle-aged adults is extremely rarely reported. Considering its infrequency, we report a rare clinical case, with the aim of sharing our experience during the diagnostic procedures. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 45-year-old, previously healthy female, with no medical history was admitted to the outpatient clinic due to the identification of an abnormal radiographic finding during a routine health examination. DIAGNOSIS: Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed a 3.5âcmâ×â4.0âcmâ×â4.5âcm heterogeneous mass in the interventricular septum. Color Doppler echocardiography detected sparse blood flow signals inside the mass. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed a hyperintense T2-weighted, isointense T1-weighted mass. Three-dimensional (3D) TTE demonstrated a spherical mass in the middle part of the interventricular septum. Postoperative histopathological examinations revealed a mesenchymal tumor composed of scattered spindle myofibroblasts with a myxoid atypia, associated with infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells. INTERVENTIONS: Complete tumor resection was successfully performed via median sternotomy under general anesthesia. OUTCOMES: After surgery, the patient recovered successfully. The patient was in good general health without any clinical symptoms. The echocardiographic examination at the 12-month follow-up period revealed normal function of the heart, and there was no evidence of tumor recurrence. LESSONS: To our knowledge, cardiac IMT only the involving interventricular septum in a middle-aged adult has never been previously reported before. Echocardiography plays a critical role in establishing the primary diagnosis of cardiac IMT and evaluating regular follow-up examinations. Complete surgical resection of the mass is considered the first-line treatment despite the absence of symptoms.
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Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Cardíacas/cirugía , Tabiques Cardíacos , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Conjuntivo y Blando/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Conjuntivo y Blando/cirugía , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Neoplasias Cardíacas/patología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Conjuntivo y Blando/patologíaRESUMEN
Pulmonary fibrosis may be partially the result of deregulated tissue repair in response to chronic hypoxia. In this study we explored the effects of hypoxia on lung fibroblasts and the effects of neotuberostemonine (NTS), a natural alkaloid isolated from Stemona tuberosa, on activation of fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo. PLFs (primary mouse lung fibroblasts) were activated and differentiated after exposure to 1% O2 or treatment with CoCl2 (100 µmol/L), evidenced by markedly increased protein or mRNA expression of HIF-1α, TGF-ß, FGF2, α-SMA and Col-1α/3α, which was blocked after silencing HIF-1α, suggesting that the activation of fibroblasts was HIF-1α-dependent. NTS (0.1-10 µmol/L) dose-dependently suppressed hypoxia-induced activation and differentiation of PLFs, whereas the inhibitory effect of NTS was abolished by co-treatment with MG132, a proteasome inhibitor. Since prolyl hydroxylation is a critical step in initiation of HIF-1α degradation, we further showed that NTS treatment reversed hypoxia- or CoCl2-induced reduction in expression of prolyl hydroxylated-HIF-1α. With hypoxyprobe immunofiuorescence staining, we showed that NTS treatment directly reversed the lower oxygen tension in hypoxia-exposed PLFs. In a mouse model of lung fibrosis, oral administration of NTS (30 mg·kg-1·d-1, for 1 or 2 weeks) effectively attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the levels of HIF-1α and its downstream profibrotic factors (TGF-ß, FGF2 and α-SMA). Taken together, these results demonstrate that NTS inhibits the protein expression of HIF-1α and its downstream factors TGF-ß, FGF2 and α-SMA both in hypoxia-exposed fibroblasts and in lung tissues of BLM-treated mice. NTS with anti-HIF-1α activity may be a promising pharmacological agent for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Alcaloides/uso terapéutico , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Subunidad alfa del Factor 1 Inducible por Hipoxia/metabolismo , Lactonas/uso terapéutico , Miofibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Fibrosis Pulmonar/prevención & control , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Pulmón/patología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Miofibroblastos/metabolismo , Receptor Tipo 2 de Factor de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of echocardiography in pre-procedural,peri-procedural and post-procedural stages of transapical transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with aortic regurgitation (AR). METHODS: 31 patients with pure/dominant AR at a high risk on surgery were enrolled in this study. The degree of their aortic regurgitation was evaluated before TAVI,as well as the related diameters of aortic root and the left ventricular systolic function measured by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). TEE was used to reevaluate the valve pathology after general anesthesia. TEE in combination with fluoroscopy provided accurate position of the prosthetic valve for implantation. TEE was also used to monitor complications and to evaluate immediate post-procedure paravalvular regurgitation. The post TAVI follow-up included valve heamodynamic status,complications,left ventricular systolic function and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) measured by TEE. RESULTS: Transapical TAVI was successful in 29 of the 31 patients: 23 experienced no or little paravalvular regurgitation; 6 had mild paravalvular regurgitation. The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) of the patients decreased significantly one week after TAVI,which progressed until one month later ( P<0.05) . The left ventricular ejection (EF) of the patients also decreased one week after TAVI ( P<0.05) ,but it resumed to the pre-procedural level one month later. CONCLUSION: Transapical TAVI is a potentially safe and effective therapy for patients with pure/dominant AR at a high risk on open-heart surgery. Echocardiography plays an important role in pre-procedural evaluation,peri-procedural monitoring and post-procedural follow-up in TAVI.
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Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Ecocardiografía , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter , Válvula Aórtica/patología , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Humanos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) has been widely performed for the treatment of multilevel cervical degenerative disc disease (CDDD). In recent decades, cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) and hybrid surgery (HS) have been developed to overcome the shortcomings of ACDF. Controversy still remains with regard to the optimal surgical procedure for skip-level CDDD.A total of 55 patients who received surgical treatment for skip-level CDDD in our department were reviewed. The patients were divided into the HS group (nâ=â29) and the CDA group (nâ=â26). The collected data included Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, and cervical lordosis (CL), range of motion (ROM), and intervertebral disc height (IDH). Radiological changes at the intermediate segment (IS) were also collected. All data were collected preoperatively and at routine postoperative intervals of 1 week and 3, 6, and 12 months and at the last follow-up period.Compared with preoperative values, mean JOA, NDI, and VAS scores significantly improved after surgery in both the HS and CDA groups (Pâ<â.05). However, there were no significant differences between the groups (Pâ>â.05). The HS group had better CL recovery than the CDA group after surgery (Pâ<â.05). There was no significant difference in the ROM of C2-C7 between the 2 groups (Pâ>â.05). A significant difference in the ROM of the IS was found at the last follow-up between the 2 groups (Pâ<â.05). At the last-follow-up, 4 discs (14.29%) in the CDA group and 6 discs (19.36%) in the HS group had adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) without symptoms.Both HS and CDA might be considered safe and effective surgical strategies for the treatment of skip-level CDDD. Although the clinical outcomes were similar in the 2 groups, CDA altered the ROM of the IS to a lesser degree.
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Artroplastia , Vértebras Cervicales , Discectomía , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral , Dolor de Cuello , Fusión Vertebral , Adulto , Artroplastia/efectos adversos , Artroplastia/métodos , Vértebras Cervicales/diagnóstico por imagen , Vértebras Cervicales/cirugía , China/epidemiología , Discectomía/efectos adversos , Discectomía/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/complicaciones , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/epidemiología , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/cirugía , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor de Cuello/diagnóstico , Dolor de Cuello/etiología , Dolor de Cuello/fisiopatología , Dolor de Cuello/cirugía , Evaluación de Procesos y Resultados en Atención de Salud , Dimensión del Dolor , Atención Perioperativa/métodos , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Estudios Retrospectivos , Fusión Vertebral/efectos adversos , Fusión Vertebral/métodos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodosRESUMEN
The safety and efficacy of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) performed adjacent to previous fusion for the treatment of adjacent segment disease (ASD) remains unknown. This systematic review summarizes clinical evidence on the outcomes of CDA performed adjacent to previous cervical fusion. A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline and Embase for literature published through March 2017 was conducted. All the studies on CDA for the treatment of ASD after cervical fusion surgery were included. Two independent reviewers searched and assessed the literature according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA). A total of 5 studies were identified. The overall quality of evidence was low. All included studies demonstrated that clinical outcomes reflected by several assessment scales improved after arthroplasty. Cervical lordosis range of motion (ROM) after arthroplasty remained and was even enhanced postoperatively. The rate of complications and subsequent surgeries was low. There is a dearth of information regarding the outcomes of CDA for the treatment of ASD in the literature. In general, CDA may be a safe and effective surgical procedure to treat ASD, but this conclusion needs to be confirmed by future long-term, prospective clinical trials.
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Artroplastia/métodos , Discectomía/métodos , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/cirugía , Fusión Vertebral/métodos , HumanosRESUMEN
A 16-year-old girl was admitted with a 7-month history of recurrent fever, weight loss of 5 kg, and general poor health status. Blood culture was positive with Streptococcus viridans. Transthoracic echocardiography established an aneurysm of the root of left subclavian artery, associated with an aortic coarctation just before the origin of the left subclavian artery with a velocity of 4.8 cm/s. Three-dimensional echocardiography demonstrated the entire inner structure of the aneurysm. Computed tomography reconstruction confirmed the presence of aortic coarctation and mycotic aneurysm, it also revealed an aberrant right subclavian artery.
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Aneurisma Infectado/complicaciones , Aneurisma Infectado/diagnóstico por imagen , Aneurisma/complicaciones , Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagen , Coartación Aórtica/complicaciones , Coartación Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Anomalías Cardiovasculares/complicaciones , Anomalías Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico por imagen , Ecocardiografía Tridimensional/métodos , Arteria Subclavia/anomalías , Adolescente , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Humanos , Arteria Subclavia/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodosRESUMEN
Renal tubulointerstitial injury induced by albumin overload is a critical stage during the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis and progression of chronic renal diseases. Inosine5'monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a prodrug of mycophenolic acid (MPA), is known to attenuate the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the antiï¬brotic effects of derivatives of MMF have not yet been studied. The present study assessed the effects of the MPA on renal tubular epithelial cells. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFß1) has been indicated to have a central role in the underlying molecular mechanisms of renal fibrosis; furthermore, nuclear transcription factorκB (NFκB) is a transcription factor associated with the production of inflammatory cytokines, cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, the Akt signaling pathway has important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism and apoptosis. The present study subjected the NRK52E rat kidney epithelialderived cell line to albumin overload, which resulted in an increase in TGFß1 production as well as phosphorylation of Akt and the binding activity of NFκB to the promoter region of the TGFß1 gene, which was, however, reduced following preincubation of the cells with MPA. In addition, the effects of albumin were partially blocked by Ly294002, a specific inhibitor of Akt. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that MPA may exert its antifibrotic effects by inhibiting the upregulation of TGFß1 and the activation of NFκB following albumin overload, which may be partly dependent on the Akt pathway.
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Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Túbulos Renales/citología , Ácido Micofenólico/farmacología , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Albúminas/farmacología , Animales , Línea Celular , Cromonas/farmacología , Células Epiteliales/efectos de los fármacos , Morfolinas/farmacología , Fosforilación/efectos de los fármacos , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Unión Proteica/efectos de los fármacos , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Ratas , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1/genética , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1/metabolismoRESUMEN
The motive to achieve success (MAS) and motive to avoid failure (MAF) are two different but classical kinds of achievement motivation. Though many functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have explored functional activation in motivation-related conditions, research has been silent as to the brain structures associated with individual differences in achievement motivation, especially with respect to MAS and MAF. In this study, the voxel-based morphometry method was used to uncover focal differences in brain structures related to MAS and MAF measured by the Mehrabian Achieving Tendency Scale in 353 healthy young Chinese adults. The results showed that the brain structures associated with individual differences in MAS and MAF were distinct. MAS was negatively correlated with regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)/orbitofrontal cortex while MAF was negatively correlated with rGMV in the mPFC/subgenual cingulate gyrus. After controlling for mutual influences of MAS and MAF scores, MAS scores were found to be related to rGMV in the mPFC/orbitofrontal cortex and another cluster containing the parahippocampal gyrus and precuneus. These results may predict that compared with MAF, the generation process of MAS may be more complex and rational, thus in the real world, perhaps MAS is more beneficial to personal growth and guaranteeing the quality of task performance.
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Logro , Encéfalo/anatomía & histología , Individualidad , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Tamaño de los Órganos , Psicometría , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Based on recent molecular data, it has been suggested that Sporothrix globosa is the main causal agent of sporotrichosis in China. The objective of this study was to compare the morphology, growth characteristics, patterns of carbon source usage, and susceptibility to antifungal agents among Sporothrix strains. A total of 15 clinical strains confirmed to be S. globosa, from three different regions of China, and 11 ex-type strains from the CBS-KNAW biodiversity center were obtained. The elongated conidia of S. pallida, S. variecibatus, S. schenckii, and S. schenckii luriei were clearly different from the subglobose and globose conidia of S. globosa strains. S. schenckii is able to assimilate sucrose, raffinose, and ribitol. Susceptibility profiles of these Sporothrix species were evaluated by measuring minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Fluconazole, itraconazole, terbinafine, and amphotericin B showed good activity against most S. globosa clinical isolates from China. Potassium iodide also showed a low MIC against S. pallida, while fluconazole showed a high MIC for S. mexicana, S. humicola, S. globosa, S. schenckii, and S. inflata; these strains might be considered tolerant. The species showed differences in susceptibility to antifungal drugs and should therefore be properly identified during diagnosis prior to designing therapeutic strategies.