RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Between 2% and 9% of cardiac transplant recipients develop posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease, which includes lymphomas. These are usually aggressive Epstein-Barr virus-associated B-cell proliferations similar to those seen in other immunodeficiency states. A retrospective pathologic study of the tumor tissue from 21 cardiac transplant recipients with posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease was undertaken. DESIGN: Tumor histology, immunohistochemistry, immunophenotyping, and DNA analysis for clonal gene rearrangement and the presence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA were performed. PATIENTS: The mean patient age was 53.4 +/- 10.2 years (range 33-67 years); 33% of the patients were alive at the time of study. RESULTS: Histologically, the samples comprised one Burkitt's lymphoma, three diffuse mixed lymphomas, eight diffuse large-cell lymphomas, and nine immunoblastic lymphomas. Thirteen (93%) of 14 samples were infiltrated by small reactive T cells; five of the lymphomas qualified as T-cell rich. Of 14 cases studied, 12 had clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements, 1 had oligoclonal bands, and 1 exhibited only a germline pattern. The B cells were CD10+, CD19+, and CD20+, and the reactive T cells were CD2+, CD3+, CD5+, CD7+, CD8+, and CD57+ by immunophenotyping. CONCLUSIONS: In this patient series, morphologically aggressive lymphomas and disseminated disease occurred early as well as late after transplantation. Most of the tumors showed a reactive T-cell component, which may represent a host attempt at controlling the B-cell proliferation.
Asunto(s)
Reordenamiento Génico , Trasplante de Corazón/efectos adversos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Inmunofenotipificación , Linfoma no Hodgkin/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Antígenos CD/análisis , Linfocitos B/inmunología , ADN Viral/análisis , Femenino , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Humanos , Terapia de Inmunosupresión/efectos adversos , Linfoma no Hodgkin/etiología , Linfoma no Hodgkin/genética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Linfocitos T/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The RNA content of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) neurons, and the epididymal, retroperitoneal, and liver fat content of 150-day-old male rats submitted to neonatal undernutrition, were investigated. The neonatal undernutrition was carried out by two different ways. First, by reducing the litters to two pups per nest from birth to weaning. The pups from normal litters (eight pups/nest) served as controls. Secondly, by separating half of the pups (four pups) from normal litters for 8 h daily during the first 5 postnatal days. The remaining nonseparated pups served as their controls. The data show that both groups of early undernourished pups had a significantly increased RNA content in the VMH neurons (RNA content in the LHA neurons was unchanged) and a significantly decreased epididymal, retroperitoneal, and liver fat content in comparison with their controls. The results indicate that early undernutrition leads to a permanent increase in the functional activity of VMH and alteration in fat metabolism in rats.
Asunto(s)
Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Composición Corporal/fisiología , Desnutrición Proteico-Calórica/fisiopatología , ARN/metabolismo , Núcleo Hipotalámico Ventromedial/fisiopatología , Tejido Adiposo/inervación , Animales , Peso Corporal/fisiología , Mapeo Encefálico , Área Hipotalámica Lateral/fisiopatología , Movilización Lipídica/fisiología , Tamaño de la Camada/fisiología , Masculino , Neuronas/fisiología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Sistema Nervioso Simpático/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
The nutritional status in the early postnatal period may significantly influence the development and functional activity of food intake regulating mechanisms. Therefore we investigated the weight gains and total RNA content of the ventromedial (VMH) and lateral (LHA) hypothalamic cells of rat pups in normal litters (8 pups/nest) and in reduced litters (2 pups/nest) reared permanently (from birth to weaning) or temporarily (from 1st to 5th day) in reduced nests. A significant decrease of weight gains was found in pups reared in reduced litters during the first 5 days which resulted in significant differences of body weight between the pups from normal and reduced litters on 5th day of life. On the 15th and 30th days, there were no significant differences in body weight between these animals, but the RNA content in VMH cells of pups reared in reduced litters was significantly increased on the 15th and 30th days. The RNA content in the LHA cells was unchanged. The results show that reducing a rat litter to 2 pups caused short-term undernutrition leading to permanent changes of the RNA content in the VMH neurons. The possible consequences of the permanently changed RNA content of this hypothalamic structure are discussed.