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The results are focussed on the three most important wishes and fears of 247 adolescents aged 14 years whose development is being followed from birth in the framework of the Rostock Longitudinal Study. The peace/war problem occupies a central position in the thinking of adolescents today. However there are no indications that the individual perception of and reflection on the nuclear threat impair psychic development nor is there any relation between political fears and the anxiety trait. The extension of personal wishes and fears to broader fields of significance and the facing up to world problems constitute signs of a maturing personality and a widened consciousness of reality. Psychic coping of such global fears will be facilitated the more the individual gains personal experience of the effectiveness of peace policies and activities--not least by making his/her own contribution.

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Age-dependent changes in EEG activity were assessed in a comparison of EEG recordings taken from 102 children at the ages of 6 and 10 years. Of the 2-to-13-cycle-a-second activity recorded from the left occipital region, the fast alpha frequencies (10 to 13 cycles a second) showed a significant increase at the expense of all slower frequencies. The children were divided into two groups according to whether they had been exposed to a small or large number of biological risks; in the latter group the extent of the increase in fast alpha activity was negatively related to the number of additional psychosocial risks. This effect was even more pronounced in the group of brain-damaged children, where the smallest age-dependent shift in the EEG frequencies was seen in the group with both minimal brain damage and a high psychosocial risk factor. These data suggest that the exposure of children with minimal brain damage to multiple psychosocial risks may lead to a delay in the maturation of the brain that can be detected by neurophysiological methods.

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The value of capilloroscopy of the perionychium for the diagnosis of infantile brain damage and its psychic late sequealae was studied in 279 six-years-old children. By comparisons carried out within the groups of the organic brain damage criteria with respect to perinatological risks and with psychological parameters it was proved that capillaroscopy show no differential-diagnostic suitability with respects to the presence or absence of an infantile brain damage.

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The data given in the literature about frequency and relative importance of diagnostic criteria for children with cerebral lesions show considerable differences and so do, as a consequence, diagnosing practice and epidemiological statements. This study aims at weighting the determing factors of a diagnosis and ascretining their interrelations and the associated influence on the psychic-mental development. In a total of 279 six-year-old risk and control children eight criteria regarding brain damage were recorded. The conclusive results give evidence of the influence exerted by organic conditions on the child's development and of the possibility of objectification by common methods. There is no justifiable alternative to a primarily organic basis of the diagnosis of infantile brain damage.

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The dyspraxia test developed by LESNY was applied in a random test in 279 six-year-old risk and control children fit for infants class. All children showing failures with respect to dyspraxia requirements have on average higher pregnancy and birth risks, have on an average more symptoms of the cerebral-psychic axis syndrome, produce pathological findings more frequently in the usual method of somatic brain stem diagnostics and are regularly below the level of the control group with respect to the various performance, concentration, and behaviour parameters. Mild dyspraxia is characterised by elementary functional weakness which is etiologically caused by a brain injury and psychopathologically exerts a general development-inhibiting effect.

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This supplements the publication on "A standardized questionnaire for behavior typical of encephalopathy" (Meyer-Probst, 1978) which dealth with content validation and provisional calibration. The paper is concerned with external validation and, under such headings as "Axis syndrome and milieu factors", "Axis syndrome and school performance" and "Axis syndrome and age", presents the results from questionnaires of an extreme group comparison to illustrate the clinical and diagnostic value of the axis syndrome concept acc. to Göllnitz. Relations of dependence and the usefulness of assessment procedures are discussed, as well as the concept of the axis syndrome in connection with newer trends in specialized psychopathology research.

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The author in his present paper describes the testing, standardization, and applications of a newly developed questionnaire to obtain quantitative data on encephalopathic behavior patterns of five- to ten-year-old children by interrogating parents, teachers, and educators. The results of extreme-group and factor-analysis validation show that the questionnaire is suitable for use in pedoneuropsychiatric interrogation.

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The authors, after typologically defining three etiopathogenetically different forms of lack of concentration power, report the therapeutic effects produced by Aponeuron administered to 38 eight- to thirteen-year-old hyperkinetic children lacking adequate concentration power but being of normal intelligence. The results reported in this paper are based upon comparative psychometric tests, valuation scales used by parents and teachers, and the grades received before and after a three- to six-month treatment. They provide statistical evidence of an increase in concentration power and a decrease in both fatigability and motor unrest. Obviously, objections frequently made to the treatment of encephalopathic children with centrally stimulating drugs are not justified providing indication is furnished expertly.

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