RESUMEN
Adansonia digitata L. fruit, also known as baobab, has been used traditionally throughout the world for its medicinal properties. Ethnopharmacological uses of various plant parts have been reported for hydration, antipyretic, antiparasitic, antitussive, and sudorific properties and also in the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery in many African countries. Several studies have revealed that in addition to these applications, baobab has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial activities. The health benefits of baobab have been attributed to its bioactive compounds, namely phenols, flavonoids, proanthocyanins, tannins, catechins, and carotenoids. Baobab fruit is also an important source of vitamin C and micronutrients, including zinc, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, and protein, which may reduce nutritional deficiencies. Despite scientific studies revealing that this fruit has a wide diversity of bioactive compounds with beneficial effects on health, there is a gap in the review of information about their mechanisms of action and critical analysis of clinical trials exploring, in particular, their effect on glycemia regulation. This work aims to present a current overview of the bioactive compounds, biological activities, and effects of A. digitata fruit on blood glucose, highlighting their potential mechanisms of action and effects on glycemia regulation, evaluated in recent animal and human trials.
Asunto(s)
Adansonia , Animales , Humanos , Vitaminas , África , Antioxidantes/farmacología , AntiparasitariosRESUMEN
Cinnamon is a spice used in traditional cuisine that has been investigated due to hypoglycemic properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of aqueous cinnamon extract on postprandial glycemia levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) adults. This clinical trial enrolled 36 adults with DM2, randomly allocated in two groups: the control group (n = 18) took only an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the intervention group (n = 18) took OGTT immediately followed by aqueous cinnamon extract (6 g/100 mL) ingestion. Blood glucose levels were measured on fasting and after 30, 60, 90 and 120 min in both groups. The chemical analysis of the aqueous cinnamon extract included total phenols content determination and antioxidant activity assessment through FRAP and DPPH methods. The data reveal that aqueous cinnamon extract ingestion did not show a significant difference in the incremental area under the curve (p = 0.834), maximum glucose concentration (p = 0.527) and glucose concentration variation (p = 0.873) compared with the control group. Cinnamon extract possess a total phenol content of 1554.9 mg/L gallic acid equivalent and a strong antioxidant capacity, revealed by the DPPH (5125.0 µmol Trolox/L) and FRAP (3658.8 µmol Trolox/L) tests. Aqueous cinnamon extract did not significantly influence postprandial glucose response in diabetic patients during an OGTT.
Asunto(s)
Cinnamomum zeylanicum , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Adulto , Antioxidantes , Glucemia/análisis , Cinnamomum zeylanicum/química , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Fenoles , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Periodo PosprandialRESUMEN
The present study intended to evaluate the nutritional status of Portuguese colorectal patients and associated it with surgery type as well as quality of life outcomes. Malnutrition can affect up to 85% of cancer patients and specifically 30-60% in colorectal cancer and can significantly influence health outcomes. A sample of 50 colorectal cancer patients was evaluated in what refers to several anthropometric measures, food intake, clinical history, complications rate before and after surgery procedure. The sample was divided between convention and fast-track procedures. Most of the individuals were overweight or obese but had lost weight on the past six months. Despite mild, there were signs of malnutrition in this sample with high losses of fat free mass, weight and also fat mass during the hospitalization period. These results reinforce the importance of malnutrition assessment in colorectal patients as well as consider weight loss on the past months and body composition in order to complement nutritional status evaluation (AU)
El presente estudio pretende evaluar el estado nutricional de enfermos de cáncer colorectal portugueses teniendo en cuenta el tipo de cirugía y indicativos de calidad de vida. La malnutrición suele afectar hasta 85% de los enfermos de cáncer y 30-60% entre los de cáncer colorectal y puede afectar significativamente las mejorías de salud. Se ha completado una evaluación antropométrica de 50 individuos admitidos en un hospital portugués para cirugía incluido también ingestión alimentaria, historia clínica, complicaciones antes y después de la cirugía. La muestra ha sido dividida entre el procedimento quirúrgico convencional y el fast-track. La mayoría de los individuos era obesa ó tenía sobrepeso pero había perdido peso en los últimos 6 meses antes de entrar en el hospital. Aunque poco severas, tenían señales de malnutrición con grandes pérdidas de masa magra, peso y también grasa corporal durante el período en el hospital. Estés resultados han reenfocado la importancia de una evaluación nutrición en enfermos de cáncer, sobretodo colorectal teniendo en cuenta el peso perdido pero también la composición corporal para que se complete el protocolo de evaluación nutricional (AU)