RESUMEN

Este trabalho avaliou o desempenho e as características de carcaça e não constituintes de carcaça de ovinos e caprinos em área de caatinga, suplementados com blocos multinutricionais (BMs). O trabalho foi desenvolvido na Estação Experimental da EMEPA em Soledade, Paraíba, Brasil, de acordo com um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com 3x2 tratamentos fatoriais (3 níveis de suplementação de animais em pastejo na caatinga: S1 = sal mineral; S2 = BMs; e S3 = BMs + feno de capim buffel, e duas espécies de animais: ovinos e caprinos) e dez repetições de um animal. Os ganhos de peso se mostraram mais elevados para os animais suplementados com sal mineral. Os ovinos obtiveram ganho de peso médio diário (GPMD=104,83g) e ganho de peso total (GPT=11,32kg) superior aos caprinos (GPMD=92,90g e GPT=10,04kg). O peso vivo ao abate (PVA), o peso da carcaça quente (PCQ) e fria (PCF) foram superiores para os animais suplementados com sal mineral. O peso corporal vazio (PCV), rendimento biológico (RB), rendimento comercial (RC), rendimento verdadeiro (RV) e perda por resfriamento (PPR) não foram afetados pelos níveis de suplementação. O PVA dos ovinos (PVA=27,62kg) superou o dos caprinos (PVA= 25,34kg), e o RB, RC e RV dos caprinos foram superiores aos dos ovinos. Houve efeito significativo (P<0,05) dos níveis de suplementação no rendimento (%) do peso do trato gastrintestinal cheio (TGIc), peso do trato gastrintestinal vazio (TGIv), fígado, coração e rins. A suplementação com blocos multinutricionais ou em conjunto com feno de baixa qualidade, para ovinos e caprinos sob pastejo direto na caatinga, com forragem em quantidade e qualidade satisfatórias, não resulta em ganhos produtivos significativos...

This study evaluated the performance and carcass characteristics and non carcass constituents of sheep and goats foraging in the caatinga rangeland, supplemented with multi-nutrients blocks (MBs). The experiment was carried out at EMEPA Experimental Station in Soledade-PB, Brazil, according to a completely randomized design with 3x2 factorial treatments (three levels of supplementation of animal foraging in the caatinga rangeland: S1 = mineral salt; S2 = MBs, and S3 = MBs + buffel grass hay, and 2 species: sheep and goat) and 10 replications of one animal. Mean daily and total weight gain (MDWG and TWG) showed to be higher for animals supplemented with salt, and it was higher for sheep (MDWG=104.83 g and TWG=11. 32 kg) than for goats (MDWG=92.90 g and TWG=10.04 kg). Slaughtering weight (SW), hot carcass (HCW) and cold carcass (CCW) weights were higher for animals supplemented with mineral salt. Empty body weight (EBW), biological yield (BY), commercial yield (CY), true yield (TY) and loss by cooling (LC) were not affected by supplementation levels. Sheep SW=27.62 kg was higher than goat SW=25.34, while BR, CR and VR were higher for goats. There were significant (P<0.05) effects of supplementation levels on yield (%) of weight of the full gastrointestinal tract (IGTc), weight of the empty gastrointestinal tract (IGTv), liver, heart and kidneys. Supplementation with multi-nutrient blocks alone or in conjunction with low quality hay for sheep and goats grazing in the caatinga rangeland with satisfactory forage quantity and quality does not result in significant productivity gains...

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata is a common disease and may be associated with autoimmune disease, atopy, Down syndrome, emotional stress, and foci of sepsis. METHODS: Seven cases of alopecia areata were diagnosed among workers in the Water and Effluent Treatment Sector (WETS) of a paper factory, representing a 0.6% incidence, when the value for the population at large is 0.1%. Three of these workers are assigned to the WETS on a permanent basis and four provide maintenance services. One of the latter patients had alopecia areata that fully regressed. Because biologic treatment of water and effluents involves saprophytic bacteria and fungi as well as chemical substances such as acrylamide, a clinical examination and laboratory tests were performed on all workers assigned permanently to the WETS (N = 9) and on 25% of the workers, selected at random providing services to the sector (N = 14). RESULTS: There was no association between alopecia areata and atopy, dermatophytosis, or bacteria isolated. Toxicologic evaluation revealed an acrylamide-like substance in 7 workers with alopecia areata, with a statistically significant correlation. Measures were taken at the workplace to decrease worker contact with the mists (probably containing acrylamide) in the pulp-pressing room; no other cases of alopecia areata had been detected 1 year after the study. CONCLUSIONS: A survey of the literature did not show reports of alopecia areata as an occupational dermatosis, but our conclusion is, that this dermatosis could be due to the professional activities of the workers at the paper factory studied.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Foram admitidos no Hospital das Clinicas da FMRPUSP, durante os anos de 1983 a 1988, 494 pacientes vitimas de acidentes ofidicos e escorpionicos que receberam soro antiveneno (SAV) e nos quais foi avaliada a frequencia e tipo das manifestacoes imediatas, bem como o valor prognostico do teste de sensibilidade. Do total de pacientes vitimas de ofidismo, 82 (25,6 por cento) apresentaram reacoes imediatas, das quais as mais comuns foram as cutaneas, isoladas (40 por cento) ou associadas com sintomas respiratorios (19 por cento), seguidas de manifestacoes gastrintestinais (17 por cento). Choque anafilatico foi detectado em 10 pacientes (12 por cento). Em relacao aos acidentes escorpionicos, reacoes imediatas foram observadas em 13 pacientes (7,5 por cento), tambem com predominio de lesoes cutaneas. Sintomatologia cardiocirculatoria foi detectada em apenas 1 paciente. Devido ao baixo valor preditivo positivo (31,8 por cento) e a baixa sensibilidade (54,6 por cento), propomos que o teste de sesibilidade intradermico seja abolido da rotina de atendimento de urgencia aos pacientes vitimas de acidentes por animais peconhentos. Anti-histaminicos (bloqueadores dos receptores "H IND. 1" e "H IND. 2") e corticosteroides devem ser administrados por via parenteral anteriormente a soroterapia, no sentido de prevenir...

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The frequency and class of immediate-type hypersensitivity manifestations were studied in 494 snakebitten and scorpion stung patients who were treated with intravenous injections of antivenom sera. These patients were admitted to HC-FMRPUSP from 1983 to 1988. The effectiveness of a hypersensitivity skin test was also investigated. Eighty two out of 320 patients admitted following snake bites (25.6%) had immediate-type reactions consisting of isolated skin lesions (40%), skin lesions plus respiratory manifestations (19%) and gastrointestinal involvement (17%). Anaphylactic shock occurred in ten patients (12%). Thirteen out of 174 patients admitted following scorpion stings had immediate-type reactions (7.5%). There was also a preponderance of skin reactions. Anaphylactic shock was observed in one patient. The positive predictive value of hypersensitivity skin test was 31.8% and its sensibility was 54.8%. These data show that a hypersensitivity skin test is ineffective in predicting immediate-type hypersensitivity manifestations in patients given snake and scorpion antivenom. Considering these results, this test should be eliminated as a routine procedure when treating victims of poisonous animals. These studies indicate that prior to the administration of antivenom anti-histamine (H1- and H2-antagonists) as well corticosteroids should be given by i.v. route in order to prevent or reduce hypersensitivity reactions. Antivenom sera must always be given under continuous medical surveillance by an intravenous route, without dilution, drop by drop for 15-30 minutes.

Asunto(s)