RESUMEN
We evaluated the safety, optimal dose, and preliminary effectiveness of a new-approach Africanized honeybee (Apis mellifera) Antivenom (AAV) in a phase I/II, multicenter, non-randomized, single-arm clinical trial involving 20 participants with multiple stings. Participants received 2 to 10 vials of AAV depending on the number of stings they suffered, or a predefined adjuvant, symptomatic, and complementary treatment. The primary safety endpoint was the occurrence of early adverse reactions within the first 24 h of treatment. Preliminary efficacy based on clinical evolution, including laboratory findings, was assessed at baseline and at various time points over the four following weeks. ELISA assays and mass spectrometry were used to estimate venom pharmacokinetics before, during, and after treatment. Twenty adult participants, i.e., 13 (65%) men and 7 (35%) women, with a median age of 44 years and a mean body surface area of 1.92 m2 (median = 1.93 m2) were recruited. The number of stings ranged from 7 to > 2,000, with a median of 52.5. Symptoms of envenoming were classified as mild, moderate, or severe in 80% (16), 15% (3), and 5% (1) of patients, respectively; patients with mild, moderate, or severe envenoming received 2, 6, and 10 vials of AAV as per the protocol. None of the patients had late reactions (serum sickness) within 30 d of treatment. There was no discontinuation of the protocol due to adverse events, and there were no serious adverse events. One patient had a moderate adverse event, transient itchy skin, and erythroderma. All participants completed the intravenous antivenom infusion within 2 h, and there was no loss to follow-up after discharge. ELISA assays showed venom (melittin and PLA2) concentrations varying between 0.25 and 1.479 ng/mL prior to treatment. Venom levels decreased in all patients during the hospitalization period. Surprisingly, in nine cases (45%), despite clinical recovery and the absence of symptoms, venom levels increased again during outpatient care 10 d after discharge. Mass spectrometry showed melittin in eight participants, 30 d after treatment. Considering the promising safety results for this investigational product in the treatment of massive Africanized honeybee attack, and its efficacy, reflected in the clinical improvements and corresponding immediate decrease in blood venom levels, the AAV has shown to be safe for human use. Clinical Trial Registration: UTN: U1111-1160-7011, identifier [RBR-3fthf8].
Asunto(s)
Antivenenos/administración & dosificación , Venenos de Abeja/antagonistas & inhibidores , Abejas/inmunología , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Animales , Antivenenos/efectos adversos , Venenos de Abeja/sangre , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/sangre , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/diagnóstico , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
We evaluated the safety, optimal dose, and preliminary effectiveness of a new-approach Africanized honeybee (Apis mellifera) Antivenom (AAV) in a phase I/II, multicenter, non-randomized, single-arm clinical trial involving 20 participants with multiple stings. Participants received 2 to 10 vials of AAV depending on the number of stings they suffered, or a predefined adjuvant, symptomatic, and complementary treatment. The primary safety endpoint was the occurrence of early adverse reactions within the first 24 h of treatment. Preliminary efficacy based on clinical evolution, including laboratory findings, was assessed at baseline and at various time points over the four following weeks. ELISA assays and mass spectrometry were used to estimate venom pharmacokinetics before, during, and after treatment. Twenty adult participants, i.e., 13 (65%) men and 7 (35%) women, with a median age of 44 years and a mean body surface area of 1.92 m2 (median = 1.93 m2) were recruited. The number of stings ranged from 7 to > 2,000, with a median of 52.5. Symptoms of envenoming were classified as mild, moderate, or severe in 80% (16), 15% (3), and 5% (1) of patients, respectively; patients with mild, moderate, or severe envenoming received 2, 6, and 10 vials of AAV as per the protocol. None of the patients had late reactions (serum sickness) within 30 d of treatment. There was no discontinuation of the protocol due to adverse events, and there were no serious adverse events. One patient had a moderate adverse event, transient itchy skin, and erythroderma. All participants completed the intravenous antivenom infusion within 2 h, and there was no loss to follow-up after discharge. ELISA assays showed venom (melittin and PLA2) concentrations varying between 0.25 and 1.479 ng/mL prior to treatment. Venom levels decreased in all patients during the hospitalization period. Surprisingly, in nine cases (45%), despite clinical recovery and the absence of symptoms, venom levels increased again during outpatient care 10 d after discharge. Mass spectrometry showed melittin in eight participants, 30 d after treatment. Considering the promising safety results for this investigational product in the treatment of massive Africanized honeybee attack, and its efficacy, reflected in the clinical improvements and corresponding immediate decrease in blood venom levels, the AAV has shown to be safe for human use. Clinical Trial Registration: UTN: U1111-1160-7011, identifier [RBR-3fthf8].
RESUMEN
We aimed to analyze markers of immune activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress in 92 asymptomatic HIV-infected patients according to the adequate (AR, >500 cells/mm3) or inadequate (IR, <500 cells/mm3) CD4+ T recovery and the presence or absence of antiretroviral treatment (cART). In relation to those newly diagnosed, they were divided into two groups, cART-naïve IR (nIR) and cART-naïve AR (nAR). Among those diagnosed more than five years ago, the following division was made: the cART-naïve long-term nonprogressors (LTNP); patient under cART and AR (tAR); and patients under cART and IR (tIR). We investigated the expression of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), high-mobility group-box protein -1 (HMGB1), soluble CD14 (sCD14), IL-8, IL-10, 8-isoprostane, vitamins, and DNA damage. We observed higher levels of sRAGE in tAR as compared to nIR, nAR, LTNP, and more sCD14 than in nIR and nAR. As for IL-10 levels, we found nIR > nAR > LTNP > tAR > tIR. Higher levels of 8-isoprostane were observed in nIR. LTNP presented a higher retinol dosage than tAR and less genotoxic damage induced by oxidative stress than the other groups. We suggest that the therapy, despite being related to lesser immune activation and inflammation, alters the vitamin profile and consequently increases the oxidative stress of patients. In addition, the lowest genotoxic index for LTNP indicates that both VL and cART could be responsible for the increased DNA damage. More studies are needed to understand the influence of cART on persistent immune activation and inflammation.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Antirretroviral Altamente Activa/efectos adversos , Daño del ADN , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , VIH-1/efectos de los fármacos , Receptores de Lipopolisacáridos/sangre , Receptor para Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada/sangre , Vitaminas/sangre , Adulto , Infecciones Asintomáticas , Recuento de Linfocito CD4 , Carotenoides/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Dinoprost/análogos & derivados , Dinoprost/sangre , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/sangre , Infecciones por VIH/inmunología , Humanos , Interleucina-10/sangre , Interleucina-8/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vitamina A/sangre , alfa-Tocoferol/sangreRESUMEN
RESUMO Objetivo: evidenciar o impacto de um jogo para promover a educação postural das crianças. O enfermeiro tem um papel preponderante na educação para a saúde, pelo que procuramos um caminho que adicionasse alguma inovação às Escolas Posturais já existentes incorporando uma estratégia formativa inovadora: "um jogo". Materiais e método: trata-se de um estudo quase experimental com delineamento de tempo. A amostra é constituída por 215 crianças do ensino pré-escolar e do 1º ciclo do ensino básico, de uma cidade do norte de Portugal. A intervenção é composta pela aplicação de um jogo intitulado "Jogo da postura"; para avaliar o seu impacto, foi aplicado um questionário sobre hábitos posturais antes e após a intervenção. Resultados: os resultados evidenciam uma elevada prevalência de queixas músculo-esqueléticas (48,8 %) e um aumento de respostas corretas após a intervenção. Houve mudança no conhecimento de hábitos posturais antes da participação dos alunos num programa de educação postural e depois dela. Conclusões: o jogo é uma estratégia ativa útil e eficaz a ser utilizada pelos formadores no âmbito da enfermagem e deve ser replicada a outras áreas temáticas.
RESUMEN Objetivo: evidenciar el impacto de un juego para impulsar la educación postural de los niños. El enfermero tiene un rol preponderante en la educación para la salud, por lo cual buscamos un camino que les agregara alguna innovación a las escuelas posturales ya existentes incorporando una estrategia formativa novedosa: "un juego". Materiales y método: estudio casi experimental con delineamiento de tiempo. La muestra se constituye de 215 niños del preescolar y el 1º ciclo de la enseñanza básica, de una ciudad del norte de Portugal. La intervención se realiza por medio de la aplicación del "Juego de la postura"; para evaluar su impacto, se administró un cuestionario sobre hábitos posturales antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: los resultados dan cuenta de una elevada prevalencia de quejas músculo-esqueléticas (48,8 %) y un incremento de respuestas correctas tras la intervención. Hubo cambio en el conocimiento de hábitos posturales antes de la participación de los alumnos en un programa de educación postural y luego de ella. Conclusiones: el juego es una estrategia activa útil y eficaz, que puede ser utilizada por los formadores en el contexto de la enfermería y debe replicarse a otras áreas temáticas.
ABSTRACT Objective: demonstrate the impact of a game to help teach children to be mindful of their posture. Nurses have a preeminent role in health education; hence, the importance of finding a way for them to add innovation to the posture schools that already exist, by including a novel training strategy: "a game." Materials and method: This is a quasi-experimental study with a time line. The sample was comprised of 215 pre-school children and first-graders [RD1] in a city in northern Portugal. The intervention was carried out through a game known as Posture Play, and a questionnaire was administered before and afterwards to assess its impact. Results: The results show a high prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints (48.8%) and an increase in correct responses subsequent to the intervention. There was a change in what the students knew about posture and their posture habits before and after taking part in the posture education program. Conclusions: Play is a useful and effective strategy educators can use in the context of nursing and should be replicated to other subject areas.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Niño , Postura , Niño , Educación en Salud , Enfermería en RehabilitaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Envenomation caused by multiple stings from Africanized honeybees Apis mellifera constitutes a public health problem in the Americas. In 2015, the Brazilian Ministry of Health reported 13,597 accidents (incidence of seven cases per 100,000 inhabitants) with 39 deaths (lethality of 0.25%). The toxins present in the venom, which include melittin and phospholipase A2, cause lesions in diverse organs and systems that may be fatal. As there has been no specific treatment to date, management has been symptomatic and supportive only. METHODS: In order to evaluate the safety and neutralizing capacity of a new apilic antivenom, as well as to confirm its lowest effective dose, a clinical protocol was developed to be applied in a multicenter, non-randomized and open phase I/II clinical trial. Twenty participants with more than five stings, aged more than 18 years, of both sexes, who have not previously received the heterologous serum against bee stings, will be included for 24 months. The proposed dose was based on the antivenom neutralizing capacity and the number of stings. Treatment will be administered only in a hospital environment and the participants will be evaluated for a period up to 30 days after discharge for clinical and laboratory follow-up. RESULTS: This protocol, approved by the Brazilian regulatory agencies for ethics (National Commission for Ethics on Research - CONEP) and sanitation (National Health Surveillance Agency - ANVISA), is a guideline constituted by specific, adjuvant, symptomatic and complementary treatments, in addition to basic orientations for conducting a clinical trial involving heterologous sera. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first clinical trial protocol designed specifically to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and safety of a new antivenom against stings from the Africanized honeybee Apis mellifera. The results will support future studies to confirm a new treatment for massive bee attack that has a large impact on public health in the Americas.
RESUMEN
Background Envenomation caused by multiple stings from Africanized honeybees Apis mellifera constitutes a public health problem in the Americas. In 2015, the Brazilian Ministry of Health reported 13,597 accidents (incidence of seven cases per 100,000 inhabitants) with 39 deaths (lethality of 0.25%). The toxins present in the venom, which include melittin and phospholipase A2, cause lesions in diverse organs and systems that may be fatal. As there has been no specific treatment to date, management has been symptomatic and supportive only. Methods In order to evaluate the safety and neutralizing capacity of a new apilic antivenom, as well as to confirm its lowest effective dose, a clinical protocol was developed to be applied in a multicenter, non-randomized and open phase I/II clinical trial. Twenty participants with more than five stings, aged more than 18 years, of both sexes, who have not previously received the heterologous serum against bee stings, will be included for 24 months. The proposed dose was based on the antivenom neutralizing capacity and the number of stings. Treatment will be administered only in a hospital environment and the participants will be evaluated for a period up to 30 days after discharge for clinical and laboratory follow-up. Results This protocol, approved by the Brazilian regulatory agencies for ethics (National Commission for Ethics on Research - CONEP) and sanitation (National Health Surveillance Agency - ANVISA), is a guideline constituted by specific, adjuvant, symptomatic and complementary treatments, in addition to basic orientations for conducting a clinical trial involving heterologous sera. Conclusions This is the first clinical trial protocol designed specifically to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and safety of a new antivenom against stings from the Africanized honeybee Apis mellifera. The results will support future studies to confirm a new treatment for massive bee attack that has a large impact on public health in the Americas.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Abejas , Antivenenos , Fosfolipasas A2 , AmbienteRESUMEN
Background Envenomation caused by multiple stings from Africanized honeybees Apis mellifera constitutes a public health problem in the Americas. In 2015, the Brazilian Ministry of Health reported 13,597 accidents (incidence of seven cases per 100,000 inhabitants) with 39 deaths (lethality of 0.25%). The toxins present in the venom, which include melittin and phospholipase A2, cause lesions in diverse organs and systems that may be fatal. As there has been no specific treatment to date, management has been symptomatic and supportive only. Methods In order to evaluate the safety and neutralizing capacity of a new apilic antivenom, as well as to confirm its lowest effective dose, a clinical protocol was developed to be applied in a multicenter, non-randomized and open phase I/II clinical trial. Twenty participants with more than five stings, aged more than 18 years, of both sexes, who have not previously received the heterologous serum against bee stings, will be included for 24 months. The proposed dose was based on the antivenom neutralizing capacity and the number of stings. Treatment will be administered only in a hospital environment and the participants will be evaluated for a period up to 30 days after discharge for clinical and laboratory follow-up. Results This protocol, approved by the Brazilian regulatory agencies for ethics (National Commission for Ethics on Research - CONEP) and sanitation (National Health Surveillance Agency - ANVISA), is a guideline constituted by specific, adjuvant, symptomatic and complementary treatments, in addition to basic orientations for conducting a clinical trial involving heterologous sera. Conclusions This is the first clinical trial protocol designed specifically to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and safety of a new antivenom against stings from the Africanized honeybee Apis mellifera. The results will support future studies to confirm a new treatment for massive bee attack that has a large impact on public health in the Americas.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Abejas , Antivenenos , Fosfolipasas A2 , AmbienteRESUMEN
Abstract Background Envenomation caused by multiple stings from Africanized honeybees Apis mellifera constitutes a public health problem in the Americas. In 2015, the Brazilian Ministry of Health reported 13,597 accidents (incidence of seven cases per 100,000 inhabitants) with 39 deaths (lethality of 0.25%). The toxins present in the venom, which include melittin and phospholipase A2, cause lesions in diverse organs and systems that may be fatal. As there has been no specific treatment to date, management has been symptomatic and supportive only. Methods In order to evaluate the safety and neutralizing capacity of a new apilic antivenom, as well as to confirm its lowest effective dose, a clinical protocol was developed to be applied in a multicenter, non-randomized and open phase I/II clinical trial. Twenty participants with more than five stings, aged more than 18 years, of both sexes, who have not previously received the heterologous serum against bee stings, will be included for 24 months. The proposed dose was based on the antivenom neutralizing capacity and the number of stings. Treatment will be administered only in a hospital environment and the participants will be evaluated for a period up to 30 days after discharge for clinical and laboratory follow-up. Results This protocol, approved by the Brazilian regulatory agencies for ethics (National Commission for Ethics on Research CONEP) and sanitation (National Health Surveillance Agency ANVISA), is a guideline constituted by specific, adjuvant, symptomatic and complementary treatments, in addition to basic orientations for conducting a clinical trial involving heterologous sera. Conclusions This is the first clinical trial protocol designed specifically to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and safety of a new antivenom against stings from the Africanized honeybee Apis mellifera. The results will support future studies to confirm a new treatment for massive bee attack that has a large impact on public health in the Americas.
RESUMEN
The development of the typical comorbidities of aging which currently affects people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can be partially ascribed to the persistent immune activation and chronic inflammation characterizing these individuals. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect exerted by combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) administration on plasma levels of HMGB1 (high mobility group box protein-1), AGEs (advanced glycation end products), their soluble receptor sRAGE, cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), and some metabolic markers in asymptomatic PLWHA. Analyses were performed longitudinally in 30 PLWHA, before and about 6-12 months after cART initiation. We observed that lower levels of AGEs in post-cART group were accompanied by an increase of CRP and triglyceride levels already in the early months of therapy. Because of the current ever-earlier recommendations to start cART and its prolonged use, these and other markers should be investigated in order to monitor and postpone the appearance of non-AIDS comorbidities in PLWHA.
Asunto(s)
Antirretrovirales/uso terapéutico , Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada/sangre , Infecciones por VIH/sangre , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Proteína HMGB1/sangre , Receptor para Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada/sangre , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangre , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos/citología , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Humanos , Inflamación , Interleucina-10/sangre , Interleucina-6/sangre , Interleucina-8/sangre , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Triglicéridos/metabolismo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Ao analisarmos a dinâmica escolar, constatamos os vários desafios enfrentados pelo professor em seu cotidiano, ressaltando assim a importância do processo reflexivo nesta rotina para auxiliá-lo a conhecer seu próprio processo de aprendizagem, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de habilidades que ampliem seus recursos de observação em relação aos seus alunos. Dessa forma, a proposta de intervenção psicopedagógica institucional ressalta a construção do portfólio do professor sobre o seu percurso profissional, tendo como objetivo o conhecimento de seu processo de busca e aprendizagem. Trata-se, portanto, de uma abordagem que provoca o autoconhecimento do professor, com o intuito de aproximá-lo de seus alunos por meio de observação e elaboração de atividades voltadas para as modalidades de aprendizagem destes.
After analyzing school dynamics, we have identified various challenges faced by teachers in their daily teaching routine. This finding led to the importance of applying a reflexive process in this routine in order to help teachers know their own learning processes that may enable the development of some skills to widen their observation resources towards their pupils. Therefore, the proposal of an institutional psychopedagogic intervention highlights the construction of teachers´ portfolio along their professional journey in order to keep their search and learning processes. Thus, this approach causes teachers ´self-knowledge making the contact with their pupils closer on the basis of observation and development of activities addressing pupils´ learning modalities.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Cognición , Aprendizaje , Autoevaluación (Psicología)RESUMEN
Ao analisarmos a dinâmica escolar, constatamos os vários desafios enfrentados pelo professor em seu cotidiano, ressaltando assim a importância do processo reflexivo nesta rotina para auxiliá-lo a conhecer seu próprio processo de aprendizagem, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de habilidades que ampliem seus recursos de observação em relação aos seus alunos. Dessa forma, a proposta de intervenção psicopedagógica institucional ressalta a construção do portfólio do professor sobre o seu percurso profissional, tendo como objetivo o conhecimento de seu processo de busca e aprendizagem. Trata-se, portanto, de uma abordagem que provoca o autoconhecimento do professor, com o intuito de aproximá-lo de seus alunos por meio de observação e elaboração de atividades voltadas para as modalidades de aprendizagem destes.(AU)
After analyzing school dynamics, we have identified various challenges faced by teachers in their daily teaching routine. This finding led to the importance of applying a reflexive process in this routine in order to help teachers know their own learning processes that may enable the development of some skills to widen their observation resources towards their pupils. Therefore, the proposal of an institutional psychopedagogic intervention highlights the construction of teachers´ portfolio along their professional journey in order to keep their search and learning processes. Thus, this approach causes teachers ´self-knowledge making the contact with their pupils closer on the basis of observation and development of activities addressing pupils´ learning modalities.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Aprendizaje , Cognición , AutoevaluaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world. Among the 630 million new cases of HPV that occur each year, 30 million develop anogenital warts. Although subclinical infection with HPV is the most common cause, genital warts are also associated with immunosuppression caused by HIV. In view of the high prevalence of HPV/HIV co-infection particularly among men who have sex with men, the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of anogenital warts in men with HIV/AIDS and to identify associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 159 men with HIV/AIDS consecutively selected at a referral service in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, in which the association between sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical variables and the presence of anogenital warts was evaluated. After hierarchical analysis of the data, variables presenting a p value ≤ 0.2 were entered into an unconditional multivariate logistic regression model. RESULTS: Forty-nine (31%) of the HIV-positive patients had anogenital warts. The mean age was 44.6 ± 9.6 years. The main factors associated with the presence of anogenital warts were irregular antiretroviral treatment and genital herpes(HSV). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrate that anogenital warts occur in almost one-third of the male population infected with HIV and factors associated with a higher risk of being diagnosed with anogenital warts were irregular cART use and co-infection with HSV, other variables could not be associated.
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O presente trabalho constitui uma revisão bibliográfica, e versa sobre os aspectos gerais da dislexia, explicando esse distúrbio e discorrendo sobre suas implicações cerebrais. Apresenta-se o conceito de aprendizagem em todos os seus aspectos, esclarecendo porque alguns problemas no processo de aquisição da linguagem são considerados essenciais para reconhecer as crianças com risco para dislexia. São apresentados, também, os principais aspectos da linguagem, partindo-se do ponto de que esta se encontra intimamente conectada com o processo de aprendizagem. A seguir, apresentam-se as características das crianças com risco para dislexia, o que as difere de outras crianças, ressaltando-se de que maneira o estímulo é essencial para que esses indivíduos adquiram a chance de um futuro melhor, não somente no que se refere às questões escolares, mas também no âmbito social. Acentua-se a necessidade do diagnóstico multidisciplinar em um cenário com suspeita de dislexia, e a relevância da avaliação psicopedagógica, com vistas à elaboração de estratégias emocionais e cognitivas, para que o ambiente social e a vida escolar não sejam vistos como ameaça...
The present work is a literature review, and concerns to the general aspects of dyslexia, explaining the disorder and discussing brain implications. It presents the concept of learning in all aspects, explaining why some problems in the process of language acquisition are considered essential to recognize children at risk for dyslexia. Also show that the main aspects of language are closely connected with the learning process. Then, presents the characteristics of children at risk for dyslexia, which differ from the other children, highlighting how the stimulus is essential for these individuals acquire the chance of a better future not only as relates to school issues, but also in the social sphere. Emphasizes the importance of a diagnosis made by a multidisciplinary team when there is a setting suspected of dyslexia and the relevance of pedagogical assessment, with a view of create emotional and cognitive strategies for those who the social and school life are seen as a threat, don't feel this way anymore...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Dislexia/diagnóstico , Aprendizaje , Psicología EducacionalRESUMEN
Este artigo se predispôs a apontar a relevância dos jogos, dinâmicas e vivências, geralmente utilizados pela área de recursos humanos, como ferramentas adaptáveis ao campo da educação e úteis na intervenção psicopedagógica institucional. Além disso, foram abordados a importância do bom ambiente de trabalho e o papel do psicopedagogo institucional na gestão de conflitos. A realização do trabalho deu-se por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico referente a alguns conceitos relacionados à área de recursos humanos que poderiam servir de auxílio ao trabalho do psicopedagogo institucional, como diversidade das pessoas, motivação e conflitos. Autores como Gramigna, Chiavenato e Robbins serviram como base para o referencial teórico deste estudo, possibilitando um enriquecimento de informações para a área psicopedagógica. Com fundamento nos conceitos analisados optou-se pela linha de trabalho que trata das técnicas vivenciais como uma abordagem mais satisfatória de intervenção, visando aproveitar o lado positivo das situações de conflito e alcançar as mudanças desejadas. Após a realização do levantamento chegou-se à conclusão que, tanto as dinâmicas, como os jogos e as vivências, quando bem elaborados e aplicados, são atividades que propiciam resgate do lúdico e que, portanto, permitem maior espontaneidade, resultando em maior envolvimento com os objetivos propostos...
This article was predisposed to point out the importance of the games, dynamics and experiences, often used by human resources, as adaptable tools to the educational field and useful in pedagogical institutional intervention. Moreover, we addressed the importance of a good working environment and the role of institutional psychopedagogists in conflict management. This paper happened through a survey regarding some theoretical concepts related to human resources which could aid the psychopedagogists, concepts such as diversity of people, motivation and conflicts. Authors like Gramigna, Chiavenato and Robbins based the theoretical framework of this study allowing information enrichment for the educational area. Based on the concepts discussed, the line of work that addresses the experiential techniques as a more satisfactory approach to intervention, was chosen to show the advantage of the conflict positive sides and achieve the desired changes. After conducting the survey it came to the conclusion that the dynamics, games and experiences, when properly developed and applied, are activities that provide a ransom of playful and therefore allow greater spontaneity resulting in greater involvement with the proposed objectives...
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Humanos , Juegos Experimentales , MotivaciónRESUMEN
O presente trabalho constitui uma revisão bibliográfica, e versa sobre os aspectos gerais da dislexia, explicando esse distúrbio e discorrendo sobre suas implicações cerebrais. Apresenta-se o conceito de aprendizagem em todos os seus aspectos, esclarecendo porque alguns problemas no processo de aquisição da linguagem são considerados essenciais para reconhecer as crianças com risco para dislexia. São apresentados, também, os principais aspectos da linguagem, partindo-se do ponto de que esta se encontra intimamente conectada com o processo de aprendizagem. A seguir, apresentam-se as características das crianças com risco para dislexia, o que as difere de outras crianças, ressaltando-se de que maneira o estímulo é essencial para que esses indivíduos adquiram a chance de um futuro melhor, não somente no que se refere às questões escolares, mas também no âmbito social. Acentua-se a necessidade do diagnóstico multidisciplinar em um cenário com suspeita de dislexia, e a relevância da avaliação psicopedagógica, com vistas à elaboração de estratégias emocionais e cognitivas, para que o ambiente social e a vida escolar não sejam vistos como ameaça.(AU)
The present work is a literature review, and concerns to the general aspects of dyslexia, explaining the disorder and discussing brain implications. It presents the concept of learning in all aspects, explaining why some problems in the process of language acquisition are considered essential to recognize children at risk for dyslexia. Also show that the main aspects of language are closely connected with the learning process. Then, presents the characteristics of children at risk for dyslexia, which differ from the other children, highlighting how the stimulus is essential for these individuals acquire the chance of a better future not only as relates to school issues, but also in the social sphere. Emphasizes the importance of a diagnosis made by a multidisciplinary team when there is a setting suspected of dyslexia and the relevance of pedagogical assessment, with a view of create emotional and cognitive strategies for those who the social and school life are seen as a threat, don't feel this way anymore.(AU)
RESUMEN
Este artigo se predispôs a apontar a relevância dos jogos, dinâmicas e vivências, geralmente utilizados pela área de recursos humanos, como ferramentas adaptáveis ao campo da educação e úteis na intervenção psicopedagógica institucional. Além disso, foram abordados a importância do bom ambiente de trabalho e o papel do psicopedagogo institucional na gestão de conflitos. A realização do trabalho deu-se por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico referente a alguns conceitos relacionados à área de recursos humanos que poderiam servir de auxílio ao trabalho do psicopedagogo institucional, como diversidade das pessoas, motivação e conflitos. Autores como Gramigna, Chiavenato e Robbins serviram como base para o referencial teórico deste estudo, possibilitando um enriquecimento de informações para a área psicopedagógica. Com fundamento nos conceitos analisados optou-se pela linha de trabalho que trata das técnicas vivenciais como uma abordagem mais satisfatória de intervenção, visando aproveitar o lado positivo das situações de conflito e alcançar as mudanças desejadas. Após a realização do levantamento chegou-se à conclusão que, tanto as dinâmicas, como os jogos e as vivências, quando bem elaborados e aplicados, são atividades que propiciam resgate do lúdico e que, portanto, permitem maior espontaneidade, resultando em maior envolvimento com os objetivos propostos.(AU)
This article was predisposed to point out the importance of the games, dynamics and experiences, often used by human resources, as adaptable tools to the educational field and useful in pedagogical institutional intervention. Moreover, we addressed the importance of a good working environment and the role of institutional psychopedagogists in conflict management. This paper happened through a survey regarding some theoretical concepts related to human resources which could aid the psychopedagogists, concepts such as diversity of people, motivation and conflicts. Authors like Gramigna, Chiavenato and Robbins based the theoretical framework of this study allowing information enrichment for the educational area. Based on the concepts discussed, the line of work that addresses the experiential techniques as a more satisfactory approach to intervention, was chosen to show the advantage of the conflict positive sides and achieve the desired changes. After conducting the survey it came to the conclusion that the dynamics, games and experiences, when properly developed and applied, are activities that provide a ransom of playful and therefore allow greater spontaneity resulting in greater involvement with the proposed objectives.(AU)
RESUMEN
Este artigo se predispôs a apontar a relevância dos jogos, dinâmicas e vivências, geralmente utilizados pela área de recursos humanos, como ferramentas adaptáveis ao campo da educação e úteis na intervenção psicopedagógica institucional. Além disso, foram abordados a importância do bom ambiente de trabalho e o papel do psicopedagogo institucional na gestão de conflitos. A realização do trabalho deu-se por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico referente a alguns conceitos relacionados à área de recursos humanos que poderiam servir de auxílio ao trabalho do psicopedagogo institucional, como diversidade das pessoas, motivação e conflitos. Autores como Gramigna, Chiavenato e Robbins serviram como base para o referencial teórico deste estudo, possibilitando um enriquecimento de informações para a área psicopedagógica. Com fundamento nos conceitos analisados optou-se pela linha de trabalho que trata das técnicas vivenciais como uma abordagem mais satisfatória de intervenção, visando aproveitar o lado positivo das situações de conflito e alcançar as mudanças desejadas. Após a realização do levantamento chegou-se à conclusão que, tanto as dinâmicas, como os jogos e as vivências, quando bem elaborados e aplicados, são atividades que propiciam resgate do lúdico e que, portanto, permitem maior espontaneidade, resultando em maior envolvimento com os objetivos propostos.(AU)
This article was predisposed to point out the importance of the games, dynamics and experiences, often used by human resources, as adaptable tools to the educational field and useful in pedagogical institutional intervention. Moreover, we addressed the importance of a good working environment and the role of institutional psychopedagogists in conflict management. This paper happened through a survey regarding some theoretical concepts related to human resources which could aid the psychopedagogists, concepts such as diversity of people, motivation and conflicts. Authors like Gramigna, Chiavenato and Robbins based the theoretical framework of this study allowing information enrichment for the educational area. Based on the concepts discussed, the line of work that addresses the experiential techniques as a more satisfactory approach to intervention, was chosen to show the advantage of the conflict positive sides and achieve the desired changes. After conducting the survey it came to the conclusion that the dynamics, games and experiences, when properly developed and applied, are activities that provide a ransom of playful and therefore allow greater spontaneity resulting in greater involvement with the proposed objectives.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Juegos Experimentales , MotivaciónRESUMEN
O presente trabalho constitui uma revisão bibliográfica, e versa sobre os aspectos gerais da dislexia, explicando esse distúrbio e discorrendo sobre suas implicações cerebrais. Apresenta-se o conceito de aprendizagem em todos os seus aspectos, esclarecendo porque alguns problemas no processo de aquisição da linguagem são considerados essenciais para reconhecer as crianças com risco para dislexia. São apresentados, também, os principais aspectos da linguagem, partindo-se do ponto de que esta se encontra intimamente conectada com o processo de aprendizagem. A seguir, apresentam-se as características das crianças com risco para dislexia, o que as difere de outras crianças, ressaltando-se de que maneira o estímulo é essencial para que esses indivíduos adquiram a chance de um futuro melhor, não somente no que se refere às questões escolares, mas também no âmbito social. Acentua-se a necessidade do diagnóstico multidisciplinar em um cenário com suspeita de dislexia, e a relevância da avaliação psicopedagógica, com vistas à elaboração de estratégias emocionais e cognitivas, para que o ambiente social e a vida escolar não sejam vistos como ameaça.(AU)
The present work is a literature review, and concerns to the general aspects of dyslexia, explaining the disorder and discussing brain implications. It presents the concept of learning in all aspects, explaining why some problems in the process of language acquisition are considered essential to recognize children at risk for dyslexia. Also show that the main aspects of language are closely connected with the learning process. Then, presents the characteristics of children at risk for dyslexia, which differ from the other children, highlighting how the stimulus is essential for these individuals acquire the chance of a better future not only as relates to school issues, but also in the social sphere. Emphasizes the importance of a diagnosis made by a multidisciplinary team when there is a setting suspected of dyslexia and the relevance of pedagogical assessment, with a view of create emotional and cognitive strategies for those who the social and school life are seen as a threat, don't feel this way anymore.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Dislexia/diagnóstico , Psicología Educacional , AprendizajeRESUMEN
A minuciosa avaliação do estado físico/emocional e grau de dependência de enfermagem das crianças podem sustentar um bom planejamento da assistência, o que é possível por meio de sistemas de classificação. Objetivou-se classificar e avaliar pacientes pediátricos segundo o Instrumento de Classificação de Pacientes Pediátricos (ICPP) e seu nível de dependência em relação ao cuidado de enfermagem. Estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em um hospital pediátrico de ensino na cidade de Teresina-PI. A amostra foi constituída por 40 crianças, foi aplicado o ICPP e formulário específico. Destacaram-se como resultados: predomínio do sexo masculino (57,5%); lactente (30%); tempo de internação superior a 16 dias; as causas mais freqüentes de internação foram as afecções hemolinfopoiéticas (23,81%) e a maioria foi classificada como alta dependência (72,5%). É relevante a utilização de sistemas de classificação, pois possibilita a identifi¬cação do perfil assistencial das crianças assistidas pela enfermagem.
A thorough evaluation of the physical / emotional state as well as degree of dependence on nursing of children can sustain excellent care planning, which is possible by means of rating systems. So it was aimed to classify and evaluate pediatric patients under the Instrument Rating Pediatric Patients (IRPP) and its level of dependence on nursing care. It is a descriptive and exploratory study with a quantitative approach, performed in a pediatric teaching hospital in the city of Teresina-PI. The sample comprised 40 children, applying the IRPP and specific form. It had as results: male predominance (57.5%); infants (30%), duration of hospital stay exceeding 16 days, the most frequent causes of hospitalization were hemolymphopoietic diseases (23.81%) and most were classified as high dependence (72.5%).It is relevant the use of rating systems since it allows the identification of the care profile of the children assisted by nursing.
La evaluación minuciosa del estado físico/emocional y el grado de dependencia de enfermería de los niños pueden respaldar una buena planificación de la asistencia, lo cual es posible por medio de sistemas de clasificación. El objetivo fue clasificar y evaluar pacientes pediátricos según el Instrumento de Clasificación de Pacientes Pediátricos (ICPP) y su nivel de dependencia en relación al cuidado de enfermería. Es un estudio descriptivo y exploratorio, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado en un hospital pediátrico universitario de la ciudad de Teresina-PI. La muestra se formó con 40 niños, se aplicó el ICPP y formulario específico. Se destacaron como resultados: predominio del sexo masculino (57,5%); lactante (30%); tiempo de hospitalización superior a 16 días; las causas más frecuentes de hospitalización fueron las afecciones hemolinfopoiéticas (23,81%) y la mayoría fue clasificada como alta dependencia (72,5%). Es relevante el uso de sistemas de clasificación, que permite la identificación del perfil asistencial de los niños asistidos por la enfermería.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Niño , Clasificación , Atención de Enfermería , Enfermería Pediátrica , Pacientes InternosRESUMEN
O estudo aborda os entendimentos e a atuação dos profissionais de uma equipe de Atenção Primária à Saúde de Porto Alegre, em relação à violência contra a amulher e em especial a violência intrafamiliar. Possui caráter descritivo com análise qualitativa dos dados. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas com um profissional de cada categoria da equipe multidisciplinar e posterior análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam para a compreensão de que a violência contra a mulher advém dos conflitos de gênero e da violência como forma de lidar com eles. A violência física aparece como a forma mais frequentemente percebida. Alguns profissionais afirmam que a violência intrafamiliar contra a mulher é cada vez mais vizível na sociedade, porém, a maioria dos profissionais percebe que ela segue socialmente invisível ou que a visibilidade se dá nas situações extremas. Nem todos os profissionais da equipe sentem-se apropriados ou seguros a respeito de como conduzir e encaminhar as situações contra a mulher. Conclui-se a importância da sensibilização e capacitação permanente para este tema, bem como a organização da assistência com comprometimento e envolvimento de tosos os profissionais.