RESUMEN
A method of intraoperative mapping of the lymph outflow tracts was used in 32 patients for a detection of the signal lymph node in gastric cancer using a lymphotropic stain BLUE PATENT V. The test-sensitivity was 78%. The intraoperative mapping of the lymph outflow tracts allows the volume and zone dissection in operations for gastric cancer to be exactly determined. The detection of the "signal" lymph node and its immunohistochemical investigation increases the accuracy of postoperative staging of gastric cancer. The absence of metastases in the signal lymph node in gastric cancer is not a determining criterion for refusal to perform lymphodissection in D2 volume.
Asunto(s)
Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Monitoreo Intraoperatorio/métodos , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Animales , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático , Metástasis Linfática , Vasos Linfáticos/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Conejos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Gástricas/secundario , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Statistical analysis of 333 case histories has established main prognostic factors and their combinations determining general and recurrence-free survival of patients with locally spread rectal cancer. The one-factor analysis considered gender, age, prevalence degree, histological type of the tumor, operation volume, the presence of postoperative complications, non-adjuvant and adjuvant radiation therapy, chemotherapy, chemo-radiation therapy. Total survival in men was 51.3%, in women - 50.0% (p>0.05). In patients with local spread of rectal neoplasias the disease has systemic character and requires, when algorithm of treatment was determined for each patient, imperative use of schemes of combined and complex treatment including many components, since the surgical treatment only can not give satisfactory results.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Estadificación de Neoplasias , PronósticoRESUMEN
The effectiveness of intraoperative staging of tumor by sentinel node staining with lymphotropic dyes was evaluated in 60 patients with colorectal tumors (colon carcinoma -39, rectal cancer- 21). High sensitivity (84.6% and 87.5%, respectively) and specificity (100% and 100%, respectively) for regional lymph node assessment were identified for both colonic and rectal cancer.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/cirugía , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Neoplasias del Colon/cirugía , Colorantes , Femenino , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Neoplasias del Recto/cirugía , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Biopsia del Ganglio Linfático Centinela , Coloración y Etiquetado/métodosRESUMEN
Based on an analysis of 60 cases the authors have shown that identification and target investigation of signal lymph nodes using intraoperative staining with special dyes allows correct assessment of the stage of malignant disease. The method also allows treatment of the patient with an adequate, corresponding to up-to-date standards scheme of combined and complex treatment, gives possibilities of exact intraoperative diagnosis of lymphogenic metastasis and, as a result, allows extended operative intervention up to radical volumes.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma/patología , Colectomía/métodos , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Colorantes , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Vasos Linfáticos/patología , Colorantes de Rosanilina , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma/secundario , Carcinoma/cirugía , Neoplasias Colorrectales/secundario , Neoplasias Colorrectales/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Periodo Intraoperatorio , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias/métodos , PronósticoRESUMEN
The results of radical surgical and combined treatment of 124 cases of esophageal and cardioesphageal tumors are presented. Extensive local disease (stage III, T2-4N0-2M0) was diagnosed in 113 patients (91.1%). Esophagoectomy with transmediastinal esophagogastroplasty and cervical esophagostomy proved most useful for esophageal tumor, while extensive surgery after Lewis in combination with extirpation or proximal resection of the stomach--for proximal gastric disease involving the esophagus. Combined surgery with resection of adjacent organs was carried out in 50%. Post-operative mortality rates were reduced to 7.1% due to application of effective surgical, anesthetic and intensive care procedures. The 3-year survival rate was 26.5%. Prognosis improved significantly when radiation was used prior to dissection of lymph nodes.
Asunto(s)
Procedimientos Quirúrgicos del Sistema Digestivo/métodos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/cirugía , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Cardias , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos del Sistema Digestivo/mortalidad , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Neoplasias Esofágicas/radioterapia , Esofagectomía , Esofagoplastia , Esofagostomía , Femenino , Gastrectomía , Gastroplastia , Gastrostomía , Humanos , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático , Masculino , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Radioterapia Adyuvante , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Neoplasias Gástricas/radioterapia , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The article gives an analysis of the 30 years experiences with treatment of more than 3200 patients with rectum cancer at a specialized oncological department. Postoperative lethality was 7.3%. In recent years this figure has been decreased (5.2%). The individual programs of treatment were associated with the degree of growing the tumor through the bowel wall and with the metastatic damage of the regional lymph nodes. These factors show that careful as well as extended and combined operations are justified. The advantages of combined methods of treatment and functionally saving surgical interventions have been revealed.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Recto/cirugía , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Neoplasias del Recto/mortalidad , Neoplasias del Recto/radioterapia , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The report deals with the 30-year experience gained by the Department in the treatment of nearly 5,500 cases of tumors of large bowel. Radical surgery for colonic tumor was followed by lethality in 3.0 and 5-year survival-80.8%; rectal tumor resection-5.3 and 58.2%, respectively. Individually-tailored modalities have been devised for a spectrum of cases of colonic wall invasion and metastatic lesions in regional lymph nodes. A choice of sparing, extended and combined surgical procedures vis-a-vis these factors has been developed, the latter offering most advantage. Therapeutic strategies for hepatic metastasis have been worked out on individual basis.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/terapia , Neoplasias Colorrectales/mortalidad , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Metástasis Linfática , Invasividad Neoplásica , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
An analysis of results of 315 combined operations for gastric cancer with the T3 and T4 degrees of invasion has shown that the rational multicomponent surgical, anesthesiological and therapeutic maintenance of surgical interventions for gastric cancer is the main factor responsible for the outcome of the treatment. The proposed scheme of the multicomponent rational maintenance of the combined surgical interventions allowed to reduce frequency of cardiopulmonary complications to 18.2%, pyoseptic complications to 7% and postoperative lethality to 13.2%.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Terapia Combinada , Estudios de Seguimiento , Gastrectomía , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologíaRESUMEN
The report deals with the data on the results of radical combination surgery in 315 patients with stomach tumors T3 and T4. Extensive and combination surgery coupled with a well-balanced surgical, anasthesiological and medicinal therapy proved the only effective method of managing localized cancer of the stomach.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Neoplasias Gástricas/terapia , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Regular changes are revealed in electron-transport chains of the energy and detoxifying systems. The changes occur mainly in iron-sulphur centres and cytochrome P-450 under chemical and viral blastomogenesis in the muscular tissue induced by 3-methyl cholanthrene and Moloney oncornavirus. In the tissue of developing Moloney tumour and spleen kinetics of the formation of triplet signal of nitrosyl complexes is recorded in the region of g-factor of free radicals of semiquinone type and its transformation into singlet signal of EPR with the Moloney sarcoma regression.
Asunto(s)
Sarcoma Experimental/metabolismo , Animales , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/biosíntesis , Transporte de Electrón , Radicales Libres , Proteínas Hierro-Azufre/metabolismo , Hígado/enzimología , Masculino , Metilcolantreno , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Virus del Sarcoma Murino de Moloney , Músculos/metabolismo , Sarcoma Experimental/inducido químicamenteRESUMEN
An ESR method was used to investigate the metalloenzyme centres, characteristics of cell energetic and detoxicity systems of models of tumors induced by RNA virus MSV(M) as progressor and regressor of tumor development. Different stages of ESR signal formation and its reverse transformation centres that reflect relations between tumor and organism the iron--sulphur proteins proved to be the most important.