RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two additives (probiotic and monensin) over clinical parameters of sheep submitted to acute ruminal lactic acidosis (ARLA). Eighteen sheeps were divided into three groups of six animals each as follows: probiotic group, supplemented with 4×109 CFU/animal/day of Saccharomyces cerevisiae; monensin group, supplemented with 33 mg of monensin sodium per kg of diet; and control group, without any supplementation. After 30 days of diet (75% of Coast-cross hay and 25% concentrate with 14% of crude protein) and additive intake, ARLA was induced in the all animals by intraruminal administration of 15g of sucrose per kilogram (kg) of body weight. Complete physical examinations to assess the vital signs of the animals were conducted at the following times: baseline (T0), six (T6h), 12 (T12h), 18 (T18h), 24 (T24h), 36 (T36h), and 48 (T48h) hours after ARLA induction. At those times, blood samples were obtained to determine the plasma volume deficit (PVD) and ruminal content for pH measurement. All animals experienced clinical signs of ARLA with ruminal pH lower than 4.9 at T24h. The heart rate and PVD were lower (P < 0.05) in the probiotic group at T36h. Compared to the control and monensin groups, the probiotic group experienced milder ARLA characterized by lower degrees of dehydration and fewer clinical symptoms.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de dois aditivos (probiótico e monensina sódica) sobre a parâmetros clínicos de ovinos submetidos a acidose láctica ruminal aguda (ALRA). Dezoito ovinos foram divididos em três grupos com seis animais cada assim constituídos: Probiótico, suplementado com 4x109 ufc/animal/dia de Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Monensina, suplementado com 33 mg/kg de monensina sódica; Controle, sem aditivo. Após 30 dias de oferecimento da dieta (75% feno de Coast-cross e 25% concentrado com 14% de proteína bruta) e aditivos, os animais foram submetidos à indução de ALRA por meio da administração intraruminal de 15 gramas de sacarose por kg de peso vivo. Foi realizado exame físico completo nos animais com aferição dos parâmetros vitais nos seguintes momentos: basal (T0), seis (T6h), doze (T12h), 18 (T18h), 24 (T24h), 36 (T36h) e 48 (T48h) horas após a indução da ALRA. Em todos os momentos de avaliação foram obtidas amostras de sangue para determinação do déficit de volume plasmático (DVP) e de conteúdo ruminal para aferição do pH. Todos os animais apresentaram quadro de ALRA com pH ruminal menor que 4,9 no T24h, sem diferença entre os grupos (p = 0.092). A frequência cardíaca e o DVP foram inferiores (P<0,05) no grupo Probiótico no T36h. Os animais do grupo Probiótico apresentaram quadro de ALRA mais branda observada por menor grau de desidratação e menor ocorrência de sintomas clínicos em relação aos animais dos grupos controle e monensina.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two additives (probiotic and monensin) over clinical parameters of sheep submitted to acute ruminal lactic acidosis (ARLA). Eighteen sheeps were divided into three groups of six animals each as follows: probiotic group, supplemented with 4×109 CFU/animal/day of Saccharomyces cerevisiae; monensin group, supplemented with 33 mg of monensin sodium per kg of diet; and control group, without any supplementation. After 30 days of diet (75% of Coast-cross hay and 25% concentrate with 14% of crude protein) and additive intake, ARLA was induced in the all animals by intraruminal administration of 15g of sucrose per kilogram (kg) of body weight. Complete physical examinations to assess the vital signs of the animals were conducted at the following times: baseline (T0), six (T6h), 12 (T12h), 18 (T18h), 24 (T24h), 36 (T36h), and 48 (T48h) hours after ARLA induction. At those times, blood samples were obtained to determine the plasma volume deficit (PVD) and ruminal content for pH measurement. All animals experienced clinical signs of ARLA with ruminal pH lower than 4.9 at T24h. The heart rate and PVD were lower (P < 0.05) in the probiotic group at T36h. Compared to the control and monensin groups, the probiotic group experienced milder ARLA characterized by lower degrees of dehydration and fewer clinical symptoms.

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de dois aditivos (probiótico e monensina sódica) sobre a parâmetros clínicos de ovinos submetidos a acidose láctica ruminal aguda (ALRA). Dezoito ovinos foram divididos em três grupos com seis animais cada assim constituídos: Probiótico, suplementado com 4x109 ufc/animal/dia de Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Monensina, suplementado com 33 mg/kg de monensina sódica; Controle, sem aditivo. Após 30 dias de oferecimento da dieta (75% feno de Coast-cross e 25% concentrado com 14% de proteína bruta) e aditivos, os animais foram submetidos à indução de ALRA por meio da administração intraruminal de 15 gramas de sacarose por kg de peso vivo. Foi realizado exame físico completo nos animais com aferição dos parâmetros vitais nos seguintes momentos: basal (T0), seis (T6h), doze (T12h), 18 (T18h), 24 (T24h), 36 (T36h) e 48 (T48h) horas após a indução da ALRA. Em todos os momentos de avaliação foram obtidas amostras de sangue para determinação do déficit de volume plasmático (DVP) e de conteúdo ruminal para aferição do pH. Todos os animais apresentaram quadro de ALRA com pH ruminal menor que 4,9 no T24h, sem diferença entre os grupos (p = 0.092). A frequência cardíaca e o DVP foram inferiores (P<0,05) no grupo Probiótico no T36h. Os animais do grupo Probiótico apresentaram quadro de ALRA mais branda observada por menor grau de desidratação e menor ocorrência de sintomas clínicos em relação aos animais dos grupos controle e monensina.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Ovine/caprine ureaplasmas have not yet been assigned a species designation, but they have been classified into nine serotypes. Herein ureaplasmas were searched for in 120 samples of vulvo vaginal mucous from sheep and 98 samples from goats at 17 farms. In addition, semen samples were collected from 11 sheep and 23 goats. The recovered ureaplasma were from sheep and goats from animals without any reproductive disorder symptoms, but not all animals presented positive cultures. In sheep, 17 (68%) cultures of vulvovaginal mucous were positive for ureaplasma and 11 (27%) samples of semen presented positive cultures in animals with clinical signs of orchitis, balanoposthitis or low sperm motility. In goats four ureaplasma isolates were obtained from vulvovaginal mucus, but the semen samples were all negative. The isolates were submitted to Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis methodology and their 16S rRNA genes were sequenced. Fifty percent of ureaplasma recovered from sheep allowed for PFGE typing. Eleven isolates showed eight profiles genetically close to the bovine ureaplasmas. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed differences or similarities of isolates from sheep and goats, and the reference strains of bovine and human ureaplasma. Four clinical isolates from sheep were grouped separately. The studied ureaplasma isolates showed to be a diverse group of mollicutes.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Abstract Ovine/caprine ureaplasmas have not yet been assigned a species designation, but they have been classified into nine serotypes. Herein ureaplasmas were searched for in 120 samples of vulvo vaginal mucous from sheep and 98 samples from goats at 17 farms. In addition, semen samples were collected from 11 sheep and 23 goats. The recovered ureaplasma were from sheep and goats from animals without any reproductive disorder symptoms, but not all animals presented positive cultures. In sheep, 17 (68%) cultures of vulvovaginal mucous were positive for ureaplasma and 11 (27%) samples of semen presented positive cultures in animals with clinical signs of orchitis, balanoposthitis or low sperm motility. In goats four ureaplasma isolates were obtained from vulvovaginal mucus, but the semen samples were all negative. The isolates were submitted to Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis methodology and their 16S rRNA genes were sequenced. Fifty percent of ureaplasma recovered from sheep allowed for PFGE typing. Eleven isolates showed eight profiles genetically close to the bovine ureaplasmas. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed differences or similarities of isolates from sheep and goats, and the reference strains of bovine and human ureaplasma. Four clinical isolates from sheep were grouped separately. The studied ureaplasma isolates showed to be a diverse group of mollicutes.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Ovine/caprine ureaplasmas have not yet been assigned a species designation, but they have been classified into nine serotypes. Herein ureaplasmas were searched for in 120 samples of vulvo vaginal mucous from sheep and 98 samples from goats at 17 farms. In addition, semen samples were collected from 11 sheep and 23 goats. The recovered ureaplasma were from sheep and goats from animals without any reproductive disorder symptoms, but not all animals presented positive cultures. In sheep, 17 (68%) cultures of vulvovaginal mucous were positive for ureaplasma and 11 (27%) samples of semen presented positive cultures in animals with clinical signs of orchitis, balanoposthitis or low sperm motility. In goats four ureaplasma isolates were obtained from vulvovaginal mucus, but the semen samples were all negative. The isolates were submitted to Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis methodology and their 16S rRNA genes were sequenced. Fifty percent of ureaplasma recovered from sheep allowed for PFGE typing. Eleven isolates showed eight profiles genetically close to the bovine ureaplasmas. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed differences or similarities of isolates from sheep and goats, and the reference strains of bovine and human ureaplasma. Four clinical isolates from sheep were grouped separately. The studied ureaplasma isolates showed to be a diverse group of mollicutes.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Influence of age and sex factors on blood count was investigated in healthy sheep of the Santa Ines breed, raised in the region of Piedade (São Paulo State). The hematocrit and red blood cell count presented higher values in younger females, and a gradual decrease occurred during animals ageing. In contrast, the total number of leukocytes was lower in younger animals and showed a gradual increase with their ageing.

Foi investigada a influência dos fatores etários e sexuais sobre o hemograma de ovinos sadios da raça Santa Inês, criados na região de Piedade, no Estado de São Paulo. O hematócrito e o número de hemácias apresentaram maiores valores nas fêmeas mais jovens e houve um decréscimo gradual durante o desenvolvimento etário dos animais. Em contraposição, o número total de leucócitos foi menor nos animais mais jovens e apresentou elevação gradual com a evolução da idade dos animais.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Influence of age and sex factors on blood count was investigated in healthy sheep of the Santa Ines breed, raised in the region of Piedade (São Paulo State). The hematocrit and red blood cell count presented higher values in younger females, and a gradual decrease occurred during animals ageing. In contrast, the total number of leukocytes was lower in younger animals and showed a gradual increase with their ageing.(AU)

Foi investigada a influência dos fatores etários e sexuais sobre o hemograma de ovinos sadios da raça Santa Inês, criados na região de Piedade, no Estado de São Paulo. O hematócrito e o número de hemácias apresentaram maiores valores nas fêmeas mais jovens e houve um decréscimo gradual durante o desenvolvimento etário dos animais. Em contraposição, o número total de leucócitos foi menor nos animais mais jovens e apresentou elevação gradual com a evolução da idade dos animais.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Influence of age and sex factors on blood count was investigated in healthy sheep of the Santa Ines breed, raised in the region of Piedade (São Paulo State). The hematocrit and red blood cell count presented higher values in younger females, and a gradual decrease occurred during animals' ageing. In contrast, the total number of leukocytes was lower in younger animals and showed a gradual increase with their ageing.(AU)

Foi investigada a influência dos fatores etários e sexuais sobre o hemograma de ovinos sadios da raça Santa Inês, criados na região de Piedade, no Estado de São Paulo. O hematócrito e o número de hemácias apresentaram maiores valores nas fêmeas mais jovens e houve um decréscimo gradual durante o desenvolvimento etário dos animais. Em contraposição, o número total de leucócitos foi menor nos animais mais jovens e apresentou elevação gradual com a evolução da idade dos animais.(AU)

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RESUMEN

Esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo apresentar um levantamento sobre o uso da ultrassonografia em enfermidades intestinais e dos anexos do tubo digestivos de bovinos. A utilização da ultrassonografia apresenta grande aplicabilidade na clínica veterinária, sendo uma boa técnica no auxílio do diagnóstico das enfermidades intestinais mais comuns dos bovinos, destacando-se íleo, intussuscepção, encarceramento, dilatação do ceco, etc. A ultrassonografia é uma técnica eficiente para avaliar diversos aspectos morfológicos e funcionais relacionados com o trato intestinal dos bovinos, por exemplo, tamanho, posição, conteúdo, presença de corpos estranhos, presença de líquido inflamatório, abscessos, motilidade.

This study aimed to review the use of ultrasound on the diagnosis and evaluation of intestinal disorders on bovine. Ultrasound examinations present huge applicability on veterinary clinical sciences, assisting on the diagnosis of the most common bovine intestinal disorders, such as Ileum, intussusception, and dilated cecum. Ultrasound examinations are efficient techniques in order to evaluate multiples morphologic and functional aspects of the intestinal tract (e.g., size, position, content, foreign bodies, inflammatory liquids, motility).

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo apresentar um levantamento sobre o uso da ultrassonografia em enfermidades intestinais e dos anexos do tubo digestivos de bovinos. A utilização da ultrassonografia apresenta grande aplicabilidade na clínica veterinária, sendo uma boa técnica no auxílio do diagnóstico das enfermidades intestinais mais comuns dos bovinos, destacando-se íleo, intussuscepção, encarceramento, dilatação do ceco, etc. A ultrassonografia é uma técnica eficiente para avaliar diversos aspectos morfológicos e funcionais relacionados com o trato intestinal dos bovinos, por exemplo, tamanho, posição, conteúdo, presença de corpos estranhos, presença de líquido inflamatório, abscessos, motilidade.(AU)

This study aimed to review the use of ultrasound on the diagnosis and evaluation of intestinal disorders on bovine. Ultrasound examinations present huge applicability on veterinary clinical sciences, assisting on the diagnosis of the most common bovine intestinal disorders, such as Ileum, intussusception, and dilated cecum. Ultrasound examinations are efficient techniques in order to evaluate multiples morphologic and functional aspects of the intestinal tract (e.g., size, position, content, foreign bodies, inflammatory liquids, motility).(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O presente trabalho objetivou estudar o quadro sintomatológico, algumas variáveis bioquímicas e a resposta ao tratamento com cálcio de bovinos com hipocalcemia induzida experimentalmente. Foram utilizadas 12 novilhas distribuídas nos grupos controle (n = 5) e tratado (n = 7). Foi infundida solução de EDTA a 5% até o animal apresentar sinais clínicos de hipocalcemia, quando então era iniciado o tratamento com solução contendo cálcio, fósforo, magnésio e glicose, na dose de 1 mL/kg/PV, em 30 minutos, enquanto que o grupo controle recebia apenas solução fisiológica na mesma dose. Exame clínico e coleta de amostras sanguíneas foram realizados nos tempos T0 (basal), T1 (Fase I, caracterizada por tremores musculares), T2 (ao final da infusão com EDTA), T3 (ao final do tratamento) e T4 (24 horas após o término do experimento). Todas as novilhas mostraram diminuição temporária da concentração de cálcio total e livre, fósforo, e apresentaram quadro clássico de hipocalcemia. A taquicardia, a hipofonese e a atonia ruminal desapareceram no decorrer do tratamento, sendo observado aumento no cálcio livre e total e fósforo. O medicamento usado no tratamento dos animais foi eficaz na recuperação do quadro clínico de hipocalcemia dentro de 30 minutos, promovendo retorno das principais variáveis do perfil bioquímico aos valores basais.(AU)

The present work aims to study the clinical picture, biochemical profile and treatment response in cattle with induced hypocalcaemia. Were utilized 12 heifers randomly distributed in treated (n = 7) and control (n = 5) groups. The induction model was carried on by continuous EDTA infusion into jugular vein until the animals present clinical signs of hypocalcaemia. After that, the treated group received a calcium (Ca) solution enriched with phosphorus, magnesium and glucose with a dose of 1 mL/kg/BW in 30 minutes, meanwhile, the control group was treated with the same dose of physiologic solution. Clinical examination were performed and blood samples were obtained in times T0 (basal time), T1 (beginning of hypocalcaemia); T2 (end of EDTA infusion); T3 (end of treatment) and T4 (24 hours after the induction). All the heifers present temporary blood calcium and phosphorus reduction and demonstrated classical clinical picture of hypocalcaemia. The treated group present full clinical recovery and blood calcium and phosphorus increase. Most evident clinical signs were increasing heart beat, hypophonesis and rumenal atony. Those symptoms were reversed after calcium treatment. The solution used for treatment was efficient on clinical recovery within thirty minutes, promoting the return to basal levels of the most of biochemical's variables.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O presente trabalho objetivou estudar o quadro sintomatológico, algumas variáveis bioquímicas e a resposta ao tratamento com cálcio de bovinos com hipocalcemia induzida experimentalmente. Foram utilizadas 12 novilhas distribuídas nos grupos controle (n = 5) e tratado (n = 7). Foi infundida solução de EDTA a 5% até o animal apresentar sinais clínicos de hipocalcemia, quando então era iniciado o tratamento com solução contendo cálcio, fósforo, magnésio e glicose, na dose de 1 mL/kg/PV, em 30 minutos, enquanto que o grupo controle recebia apenas solução fisiológica na mesma dose. Exame clínico e coleta de amostras sanguíneas foram realizados nos tempos T0 (basal), T1 (Fase I, caracterizada por tremores musculares), T2 (ao final da infusão com EDTA), T3 (ao final do tratamento) e T4 (24 horas após o término do experimento). Todas as novilhas mostraram diminuição temporária da concentração de cálcio total e livre, fósforo, e apresentaram quadro clássico de hipocalcemia. A taquicardia, a hipofonese e a atonia ruminal desapareceram no decorrer do tratamento, sendo observado aumento no cálcio livre e total e fósforo. O medicamento usado no tratamento dos animais foi eficaz na recuperação do quadro clínico de hipocalcemia dentro de 30 minutos, promovendo retorno das principais variáveis do perfil bioquímico aos valores basais

The present work aims to study the clinical picture, biochemical profile and treatment response in cattle with induced hypocalcaemia. Were utilized 12 heifers randomly distributed in treated (n = 7) and control (n = 5) groups. The induction model was carried on by continuous EDTA infusion into jugular vein until the animals present clinical signs of hypocalcaemia. After that, the treated group received a calcium (Ca) solution enriched with phosphorus, magnesium and glucose with a dose of 1 mL/kg/BW in 30 minutes, meanwhile, the control group was treated with the same dose of physiologic solution. Clinical examination were performed and blood samples were obtained in times T0 (basal time), T1 (beginning of hypocalcaemia); T2 (end of EDTA infusion); T3 (end of treatment) and T4 (24 hours after the induction). All the heifers present temporary blood calcium and phosphorus reduction and demonstrated classical clinical picture of hypocalcaemia. The treated group present full clinical recovery and blood calcium and phosphorus increase. Most evident clinical signs were increasing heart beat, hypophonesis and rumenal atony. Those symptoms were reversed after calcium treatment. The solution used for treatment was efficient on clinical recovery within thirty minutes, promoting the return to basal levels of the most of biochemical's variables

Asunto(s)