RESUMEN
The effectiveness of maxillary expansion and face-mask therapy in children with Class III malocclusion was studied in a sample of 46 subjects in mixed dentition and compared with a control sample of 32 subjects with untreated Class III malocclusion. Treated and untreated samples were divided into early and late mixed-dentition groups to aid identification of the optimum timing of the orthopedic treatment of the underlying skeletal disharmony. Cephalometric analysis was based on a stable basicranial reference system, appropriate for longitudinal studies started in the early developmental ages. The level of significance for intergroup comparisons was set at a p value of 0.01. Significant forward displacement of the maxillary complex was found in the early-treatment group. The region of the pterygomaxillary suture, in particular, showed significant changes in the subjects treated during early mixed dentition. No significant maxillary modifications were recorded in the late-treatment group. Both early and late groups exhibited smaller increments in mandibular protrusion and larger increments in the intermaxillary vertical relationship compared with their respective Class III control groups. Only children treated at an early age, however, showed a significant upward and forward direction of condylar growth, leading to smaller increments in total mandibular length. These results indicate that the combination of a bonded maxillary expander and face-mask therapy is more effective in early mixed dentition than in late mixed dentition, especially with regard to the magnitude of the protraction effects on maxillary structures.
Asunto(s)
Huesos Faciales/patología , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/terapia , Aparatos Ortodóncicos , Técnica de Expansión Palatina , Factores de Edad , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Cefalometría , Niño , Suturas Craneales/patología , Dentición Mixta , Análisis Discriminante , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/patología , Mandíbula/patología , Cóndilo Mandibular/crecimiento & desarrollo , Maxilar/patología , Análisis Multivariante , Hueso Esfenoides/patología , Dimensión VerticalRESUMEN
The relationships and differences in hope and functional status in elderly people with and without cancer were studied to enhance knowledge concerning these patients' quality of life. A conceptual framework was established using Roy's Adaptation Model of nursing and hope was measured as an indicator of adaptation using Miller's Hope Scale (MHS). In addition, functional status was assessed by six domains using the Philadelphia Geriatric Center's Multilevel Assessment Instrument (MAI). The with-cancer group was a convenience sample of 86 patients 65 years of age and older with cancer who were attending an oncology clinic. The without-cancer group consisted of 88 elderly people in the community who perceived their health as good or excellent and who had never been diagnosed with cancer. Using a regression model, physical health was the only MAI domain, along with the demographic variables of income and education, that was related significantly to MHS scores. The results of this study indicate that declining physical health is a threat to hope and that lower socioeconomic status may be a threat to hope; however, age, gender, or a diagnosis of cancer are not.
Asunto(s)
Adaptación Psicológica , Anciano/psicología , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Neoplasias/psicología , Actividades Cotidianas , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/rehabilitación , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
With changes in the work force and aging of the population, employees of all ages will be affected by caregiving responsibilities for the elderly. As a counselor, the occupational health nurse is interested in the physical and emotional health of the employee caregiver. As a teacher, the occupational health nurse can assist the employee with emotional, social, and personal assessments and interventions related to older persons and their environment. The occupational health nurse can influence employers in meeting the needs of the employee caregiver.
Asunto(s)
Servicios de Salud para Ancianos/tendencias , Enfermería del Trabajo/métodos , Servicios de Salud del Trabajador/tendencias , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Consejo , Humanos , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
The potential usefulness to gerontological nursing practice of nursing as well as non-nursing research was studied. The empirical phase of nursing research was also compared with that of medical, behavioral science, and multidisciplinary research. Although the quantity of nursing research reviewed was small, nearly 80% was judged to be potentially useful to the practice of gerontological nursing. About one third of the non-nursing research was judged potentially useful. These findings are relevant to all nurses, indicating the value on non-nursing as well as nursing research to nursing practice. Overall, the design of nursing research compared favorably to the design of non-nursing research.