RESUMEN
Currently no standard of care exists for advanced, inoperable or metastatic anal sac adenocarcinoma (ASAC). The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the role of hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) in 77 dogs with measurable ASAC. A total of 38% of dogs experienced a partial response to RT. For dogs presenting with clinical signs related to the tumour, improvement or resolution of signs was noted in 63%. For dogs presenting with hypercalcemia of malignancy, resolution was noted in 31% with RT alone and an additional 46% with radiation, prednisone, and/or bisphosphonates. Median overall survival was 329 days (range: 252-448 days). Median progression free survival was 289 days (range: 224-469). There was no difference in survival based on radiation protocol, use of chemotherapy, previous surgery or advanced stage. Radiation toxicities were mild and infrequent. Hypofractionated RT is well tolerated and is applicable in the treatment of advanced primary, locoregional or metastatic ASAC.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Anales/radioterapia , Sacos Anales , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Adenocarcinoma/radioterapia , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Anales/mortalidad , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Perros , Femenino , Masculino , Hipofraccionamiento de la Dosis de Radiación , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Treatment protocols, treatment planning methods and tumour types in studies evaluating radiotherapy for canine brain tumours have been varied. This case series retrospectively evaluated the outcome of definitive, three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) as either a sole modality or as an adjuvant to surgery in 31 dogs diagnosed with meningioma by histopathology (n = 10) or cross-sectional imaging of the head (n = 21, assessed independently by two board certified radiologists). Prescribed dose ranged from 45 to 54 Gy in 2.5 to 3 Gy fractions. Median overall survival was 577 days (interquartile range = 272-829 days; range = 30-1942 days) when all deaths were considered and 906 days (interquartile range = 336-912 days; range = 10 -1942 days) when only dogs dying due to meningioma were considered. No significant difference in survival time was detected for the defined clinical or imaging findings or between treatment with radiotherapy alone versus adjuvant radiotherapy, suggesting that 3D-CRT may be a viable alternative to surgery.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Neoplasias Meníngeas/veterinaria , Meningioma/veterinaria , Animales , Terapia Combinada , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Femenino , Masculino , Neoplasias Meníngeas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Meníngeas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Meníngeas/cirugía , Neoplasias Meníngeas/terapia , Meningioma/mortalidad , Meningioma/radioterapia , Meningioma/cirugía , Meningioma/terapia , Dosificación Radioterapéutica/veterinaria , Radioterapia Conformacional/métodos , Radioterapia Conformacional/veterinaria , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Differences in dose homogeneity and irradiated volumes of target and surrounding normal tissues between 3D conformal radiation treatment planning and simulated non-graphic manual treatment planning were evaluated in 18 dogs with apocrine gland adenocarcinoma of the anal sac. Overall, 3D conformal treatment planning resulted in more homogenous dose distribution to target tissues with lower hot spots and dose ranges. Dose homogeneity and guarantee of not under-dosing target tissues with 3D conformal planning came at the cost, however, of delivering greater mean doses of radiation and of irradiating greater volumes of surrounding normal tissue structures.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Anales/radioterapia , Sacos Anales/patología , Glándulas Apocrinas/patología , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Adenocarcinoma/radioterapia , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Anales/patología , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Femenino , MasculinoRESUMEN
Intravenously administered docetaxel (DT) is problematic in cats because of the requirement for premedication to ameliorate acute vehicle-induced hypersensitivity reactions. Previously we have revealed that therapeutic plasma concentrations of DT can be achieved in normal and tumor-bearing dogs when DT is administered PO in combination with oral cyclosporin A (CSA). The purpose of this study was to identify the maximally tolerated dosage and characterize the pharmacokinetic disposition of oral DT combined with CSA in cats with tumors. Eighteen tumor-bearing cats were enrolled in this phase I dose escalation and pharmacokinetic study. DT was administered by gavage with CSA (5 mg/kg) twice over a 3-week period. The starting dose of DT was 1.0 mg/kg. Based on the clinical toxicity profile, with gastrointestinal adverse effects and hematologic toxicity the maximal tolerated dose of oral DT was 1.75 mg/kg in combination with 5 mg/kg CSA. Additional studies are necessary to determine the efficacy of DT/CSA in cats with epithelial tumors.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Enfermedades de los Gatos/tratamiento farmacológico , Ciclosporina/farmacocinética , Neoplasias/veterinaria , Taxoides/farmacocinética , Administración Oral , Animales , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Área Bajo la Curva , Gatos , Ciclosporina/efectos adversos , Docetaxel , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Masculino , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Taxoides/efectos adversosRESUMEN
A 2-year-old neutered female Rottweiler diagnosed with an intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumor at T12-T13 was successfully treated with cytoreductive surgery followed by Cobalt 60 teletherapy. The dog was euthanised 5-and-a-half years later following diagnosis of an osteosarcoma involving the L1 and L2 vertebrae. Evidence of the initial tumor was not present at necropsy. The vertebral neoplasm fulfilled all of the accepted criteria for a radiation induced tumor. It was concluded that adjunctive irradiation should be considered for treatment of intradural extramedullary tumors of young dogs when total surgical resection is not possible. Although tumor induction is a rare late effect of radiation therapy, the risk of this occurrence should be considered when irradiating young animals. Radiation induced tumors in dogs have been associated with coarse fractionation schemes, or when large intraoperative doses have been administered. A lower dose per fraction, e.g., 3 Gy/fraction or less, is advisable when irradiating young dogs or any dog in which the life expectancy is 3-5 or more years after irradiation.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Vértebras Lumbares , Neoplasias Inducidas por Radiación/veterinaria , Osteosarcoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/veterinaria , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/veterinaria , Animales , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Perros , Femenino , Cojera Animal/etiología , Neoplasias Inducidas por Radiación/complicaciones , Neoplasias Inducidas por Radiación/diagnóstico , Osteosarcoma/complicaciones , Osteosarcoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/radioterapia , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/complicaciones , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/diagnóstico , Vértebras TorácicasRESUMEN
Twenty two dogs with an infiltrative lipoma had computed tomographic (CT) images acquired to evaluate the extent of local disease. Ten dogs had undergone at least one cytoreductive surgical procedure (range = 1-3; median = 2) prior to imaging. Twenty dogs had measurable disease on CT images; 2 dogs had diffuse disease at a previous surgical site that could not be measured. Tumor volume (n = 20) ranged from 20 to 5,632 cm3 (median = 345 cm3; mean = 996 cm3). None of the dogs had evidence of bone involvement on the CT images; 2 of the 22 dogs had tumors that did not come into direct contact with osseous structures. All dogs with measurable disease had evidence of a fat opacity mass with variable degrees of muscle infiltration. Eleven of 22 dogs were given intravenous contrast medium prior to image acquisition and there was not evidence of enhancement of the infiltrative lipoma in any dog. Based on CT images, tumors were classified as well-defined in 9 dogs, moderately well-defined in 4, not well-defined in 3 and a mix of well-defined and not well-defined in 6 dogs. Tumors tended to be less well-defined in regions where the infiltrative lipoma interdigitated with normal body fat. It appears CT imaging allows adequate discrimination of tumor with the caveat that differentiation of normal fat from infiltrative lipoma can be problematic.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Lipoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/veterinaria , Animales , Medios de Contraste/administración & dosificación , Perros , Femenino , Miembro Anterior , Cabeza , Miembro Posterior , Inyecciones Intravenosas/veterinaria , Lipoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Registros/veterinaria , Estudios Retrospectivos , Hombro , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/diagnóstico por imagen , Tórax , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/veterinariaRESUMEN
Feline vaccine-associated sarcomas have presented many challenges. Initially, the etiopathogenesis and biological behavior of these tumors had to be characterized, and strategies implemented to move tumors away from problematic sites. Next, diagnostic and treatment recommendations evolved as the biologic behavior of vaccine-associated sarcomas forced early and aggressive intervention. Current therapeutic strategies are expensive, at times debilitating, and frequently fail to effect tumor control. This review summarizes the known history, epidemiology, etiology, and clinical management of vaccine-associated sarcomas after a decade of work. The next challenges must be to find more practical and effective solutions, and to eliminate the cause of vaccine-associated sarcomas.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/inducido químicamente , Vacunas Antirrábicas/efectos adversos , Sarcoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/veterinaria , Vacunación/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Gatos/terapia , Gatos , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Sarcoma/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/inducido químicamenteAsunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/veterinaria , Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Animales , Neoplasias Óseas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Óseas/diagnóstico por imagen , Certificación , Perros , Humanos , Cojera Animal/etiología , Masculino , Oncología por Radiación , Radiografía , Radio (Anatomía) , Medicina VeterinariaRESUMEN
Twenty feline vaccine-associated sarcomas were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Tumors contained pleomorphic spindle cells, histiocytoid cells, and giant cells. Most tumors contained myofibroblasts, which had morphologic features similar to those of fibroblasts. These cells were further distinguished by subplasmalemmal dense plaques and thin cytoplasmic actin myofilaments organized as elongated bundles concentrated at irregular intervals forming characteristic dense bodies. Intracellular crystalline particulate material was found in 5 of the 20 tumors. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to identify the crystalline material within one tumor as aluminum-based. One tumor from a feline leukemia virus-infected cat contained budding and immature retroviral particles.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/etiología , Enfermedades de los Gatos/patología , Fibrosarcoma/veterinaria , Vacunación/veterinaria , Vacunas/efectos adversos , Aluminio/análisis , Animales , Gatos , Fibroblastos/patología , Fibroblastos/ultraestructura , Fibrosarcoma/etiología , Fibrosarcoma/ultraestructura , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Microscopía Electrónica/veterinaria , Espectrometría por Rayos X/veterinaria , Vacunación/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Basal cell tumors are rare benign tumors in horses. Over a 15-year period, 6 horses were diagnosed with basal cell tumors. The tumors were well-circumscribed. freely moveable, firm, raised papules, nodules, or masses that ranged from 0.6 to 5 cm in diameter. Five of the 6 tumors were ulcerated. Based on gross appearance, the tumors were diagnosed as sarcoids, and 1 was diagnosed as a melanoma. The range of age of affected horses was 6-26 years. The tumors were identified clinically 1 week to 3 years before excision. In 4 horses for which information was available, complete surgical excision was curative with no recurrence 4 months to 2 years after removal.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Caballos/patología , Neoplasias Basocelulares/veterinaria , Neoplasias Cutáneas/veterinaria , Animales , Femenino , Enfermedades de los Caballos/cirugía , Caballos , Masculino , Neoplasias Basocelulares/patología , Neoplasias Basocelulares/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/cirugíaRESUMEN
Thirteen dogs with infiltrative lipomas were treated with cobalt 60 radiation. Four of the thirteen dogs also received either whole body (n = 2) or combination local/whole body (n = 2) hyperthermia in conjunction with radiation therapy. Cytoreductive surgery was performed prior to radiation in 10 dogs, although only 3 dogs had microscopic disease at the time of radiation therapy. Dogs received a total dose of 45.6 Gy-63 Gy in 2.5-4 Gy/fraction on either a Monday/Wednesday/Friday schedule or on a daily Monday through Friday schedule. Twelve of the 13 dogs had computed tomography (CT) images acquired prior to irradiation. Survival time was determined from the time of completion of radiation therapy. Survival ranged from 6 months to 94 months, with a median (95% confidence interval) of 40 (18.5-77) months and a mean of 46.4 months. Only one dog was euthanized due to persistent signs related to the infiltrative lipoma at 6 months after the end of radiation therapy. There was no apparent difference in response based on whether or not the dogs received hyperthermia in conjunction with irradiation, although the numbers were too small to make any significant conclusions. It appears that dogs with infiltrative lipomas can benefit from external beam irradiation alone or in combination with surgery to effect long-term local tumor control.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Lipoma/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Perros , Femenino , Lipoma/mortalidad , Lipoma/radioterapia , Masculino , North Carolina/epidemiología , Registros/veterinaria , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/veterinaria , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate efficacy of radiation for treatment of incompletely resected soft-tissue sarcomas in dogs. DESIGN: Prospective serial study. ANIMALS: 48 dogs with soft-tissue sarcomas. PROCEDURE: Tumors were resected to < 3 cm3 prior to radiation. Tumors were treated on alternate days (three 3-Gy fractions/wk) until 21 fractions had been administered. Cobalt 60 radiation was used for all treatments. RESULTS: Five-year survival rate was 76%, and survival rate was not different among tumor types or locations. Four (8%) dogs developed metastases. Eight (17%) dogs had tumor recurrence after radiation. Development of metastases and local recurrence were significantly associated with reduced survival rate. Median survival time in dogs that developed metastases was 250 days. Median disease-free interval for all dogs was 1,082 days. Median time to recurrence was 700 days. Dogs that developed recurrence after a prolonged period responded well to a second surgery. Acute radiation toxicosis was minimal; osteosarcoma developed at the radiation site in 1 dog. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: An excellent long-term survival rate may be achieved by treating soft-tissue sarcomas in dogs with resection followed by radiation. Amputation is not necessary for long-term control of soft-tissue sarcomas in limbs. Development of metastases and recurrence of local tumors after radiation treatment are associated with decreased survival rate. Acute and delayed radiation toxicosis was minimal with the protocol used in this study.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Sarcoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Masculino , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/mortalidad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/radioterapia , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/veterinaria , Estudios Prospectivos , Radioterapia Adyuvante , Sarcoma/mortalidad , Sarcoma/radioterapia , Sarcoma/secundario , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/mortalidad , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/radioterapia , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
In this study, whole body hyperthermia (WBH) was assessed as a means of heating intracranial tumours uniformly. Twenty-five dogs received radiation therapy and 20 the combination of radiation and WBH. Total radiation dose was randomly assigned and was either 44, 48, 52, 56 or 60 Gy. Because of WBH toxicity, intercurrent disease or tumour progression, seven of the 45 dogs received less than the prescribed radiation dose. For WBH, the target rectal temperature was 42 degrees C for 2h and three treatments were planned. In five of the 20 dogs randomized to receive WBH, only one WBH treatment was given because of toxicity. WBH toxicity was severe in six dogs, and resulted in death or interruption in treatment. Most tumours did not undergo a complete response, making it impossible to differentiate tumour recurrence from brain necrosis as a cause of progressive neuropathy. Therefore, survival was the major study endpoint. There was no survival difference between groups. One-year survival probability (95% CI) for dogs receiving radiation therapy alone was 0.44 (0.25, 0.63) versus 0.40 (0.19, 0.63) for dogs receiving radiation and WBH. There was no difference in the incidence of brain necrosis in the two treatment groups. Results suggest that use of WBH alone to increase the temperature of intracranial tumours as a means to improve radiation therapy outcome is not a successful strategy.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Hipertermia Inducida , Animales , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Terapia Combinada , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Perros , Hipertermia Inducida/efectos adversos , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Análisis de Supervivencia , TemperaturaRESUMEN
Limited information is available on prognostic factors for cats with lymphoma. The quantity of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) proteins can be used as a measurement of cellular proliferative activity. To determine if AgNORs were of prognostic value for feline intestinal lymphoma, the silver staining technique was performed on paraffin-embedded sections of 31 cases. Mean number of AgNORs per nucleus ranged from 1.02 to 4.32. Twenty-four (78%) cats had small AgNORs and 7 (22%) had large AgNORs. All cats were treated identically with a combination chemotherapy protocol. Response to chemotherapy was 87%. Median remission duration and survival times were 120 days and 201 days, respectively. No significant correlation was found between mean number of AgNORs per nucleus or AgNOR size and remission rate, remission duration, or survival time. This study indicates that AgNOR staining is not a useful prognostic factor for cats with intestinal lymphoma.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/patología , Neoplasias Intestinales/veterinaria , Linfoma/veterinaria , Región Organizadora del Nucléolo/patología , Animales , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Gatos , División Celular , Femenino , Neoplasias Intestinales/patología , Linfoma/patología , Masculino , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Tinción con Nitrato de Plata , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The error associated with using biopsy-based methods for assessing parameters reflective of the tumor microenvironment depends on the variability in distribution of the parameter throughout the tumor and the biopsy sample. Some attention has been given to intratumoral distribution of parameters, but little attention has been given to their intrabiopsy distribution. We evaluated the intrabiopsy distribution of CCI-103F, a 2-nitroimidazole hypoxia marker. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The hypoxia marker CCI-103F was studied in dogs bearing spontaneous solid tumors. Two biopsies were taken from each of seven tumors, for a total of 14 biopsies. Biopsies were serially sectioned and four to six contiguous slides from each 100-150 microm of the biopsy were used to formulate the best estimate of CCI-103F labeled area throughout the biopsy sample. One, two or four slides were then randomly selected from each biopsy and the labeled area, based on this limited sample, was compared to the estimate obtained from counting all available slides. Random sampling of slides was repeated 1000 times for each biopsy sample. RESULTS: CCI-103F labeling variance throughout the biopsy decreased as the estimated overall labeled area in the biopsy decreased. The error associated with estimating the overall labeled area in a biopsy from a randomly selected subset of slides decreased as the number of slides increased, and as the overall labeled area in the biopsy decreased. No minimally labeled biopsy was classified as unlabeled based on limited sampling. CONCLUSION: With regard to CCI-103F labeling, quantification of the labeled area in four randomly selected slides from a biopsy can provide, in most biopsies, an estimate of the labeled area in the biopsy within an absolute range of +/-0.05.
Asunto(s)
Hipoxia de la Célula , Enfermedades de los Perros/metabolismo , Neoplasias/veterinaria , Nitroimidazoles , Animales , Biopsia , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/patologíaRESUMEN
Radiation therapy is used in the management of both primary and metastatic bone tumors. The most common primary bone tumor in dogs and cats is osteosarcoma of the appendicular skeleton. A number of other primary bone tumors occur at a much lower rate in both species and include chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma. This article reviews the results of published reports on the utility of radiation therapy in the treatment of primary and metastatic bone tumors of companion animals.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Gatos/radioterapia , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Radioterapia/veterinaria , Animales , Neoplasias Óseas/radioterapia , Gatos , Condrosarcoma/radioterapia , Condrosarcoma/veterinaria , Perros , Linfoma/radioterapia , Linfoma/veterinaria , Mieloma Múltiple/radioterapia , Mieloma Múltiple/veterinaria , Osteosarcoma/radioterapia , Osteosarcoma/veterinaria , Oncología por RadiaciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the frequency, clinical signs, biologic behavior, and response to treatment of tumors of the ear canal in dogs and cats. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of medical records. ANIMALS: Medical records of 81 dogs (48 malignant tumors, 33 benign tumors) and 64 cats (56 malignant tumors, 8 benign tumors). PROCEDURE: Data were analyzed for cats and dogs with malignant tumors, and risk factors were analyzed for their potential impact on survival time. RESULTS: Malignant tumor types most commonly reported included ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and carcinoma of undetermined origin. Median survival time of dogs with malignant aural tumors was > 58 months, whereas that of cats was 11.7 months. A poor prognosis was indicated by extensive tumor involvement (dogs) and by neurologic signs at time of diagnosis, diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma or carcinoma of undetermined origin, and invasion into lymphatics or blood vessels (cats). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Malignant tumors of the ear canal in dogs and cats have a propensity for local invasion, but tend not to metastasize. Squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma of undetermined origin were the most locally aggressive tumors. Malignant tumors of the ear canal are best managed by aggressive surgical excision. Radiotherapy may be useful when tumors cannot be completely removed.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Gatos , Enfermedades de los Perros , Conducto Auditivo Externo , Neoplasias del Oído/veterinaria , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiología , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Adenocarcinoma/veterinaria , Animales , Carcinoma/epidemiología , Carcinoma/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Gatos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Gatos/mortalidad , Enfermedades de los Gatos/terapia , Gatos , Enfermedades de los Perros/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Perros , Neoplasias del Oído/epidemiología , Neoplasias del Oído/terapia , Femenino , Masculino , Invasividad Neoplásica , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
The therapeutic response of malignant tumors depends on a number of factors associated with tumor microenvironments including the possibility that these microenvironments change during treatment. Two factors, tumor hypoxia and cell proliferation, have been examined in spontaneous canine tumors undergoing multifraction radiation therapy. The approach utilizes immunohistochemical analyses of hypoxia (CCI-103F) and proliferation associated (PCNA) antigens in biopsy samples taken before and after 5 daily fractions of 3 Gy (total dose 15 Gy). The tissue samples were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded for the immunohistochemical study. Immunostaining of the sections for PCNA and hypoxia marker reveals little or no overlap when the analysis is made prior to irradiation. An increased degree of overlap seems to occur after 15 Gy but the situation is complicated by a change towards more diffuse PCNA immunostaining in the cells of the irradiated tissues.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Carcinoma Basocelular/veterinaria , División Celular/efectos de la radiación , Enfermedades de los Perros , Animales , Biopsia , Carcinoma Basocelular/metabolismo , Carcinoma Basocelular/patología , Hipoxia de la Célula/efectos de la radiación , Perros , Inmunohistoquímica , Nitroimidazoles/análisis , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/análisis , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
Surgical resection offers the best chance to cure patients with localized disease. A multimodality approach, however, is often necessary to control or cure cancer in most veterinary oncology patients. This article discusses the principles of adjunct radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the management of solid tumors.
Asunto(s)
Quimioterapia Adyuvante/veterinaria , Neoplasias/veterinaria , Radioterapia Adyuvante/veterinaria , Animales , Quimioterapia Adyuvante/efectos adversos , Quimioterapia Adyuvante/métodos , Neoplasias/terapia , Radioterapia Adyuvante/efectos adversos , Radioterapia Adyuvante/métodosRESUMEN
Medical records of 36 dogs with synovial sarcoma confirmed by microscopic examination of H&E-stained sections of tissue were selected for retrospective analysis from dogs admitted between 1986 and 1991 to participating institutions of the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group. Metastasis was evident at the time of diagnosis in 8 (22%) dogs, and 15 (41%) dogs ultimately developed metastatic tumors. Median survival time for all dogs, as determined by life-table analysis, was 17 months. For dogs that were subsequently treated and became tumor free, the median disease-free interval was 30 months. Nine dogs had previously had localized excision attempted, but all had recurrence of the tumor locally (median, 4.5 months). Of 29 dogs that underwent amputation, including the 9 with localized recurrence, 2 had tumor recurrence on the amputation stump. Most dogs had survival time and disease-free interval of > 36 months after amputation. Four dogs that had received chemotherapy for tumors of advanced clinical stages did not respond to treatment. One dog that had received locally applied radiotherapy after localized excision did not have evidence of tumor recurrence 2 years after radiotherapy. Clinical stage, histologic grade, and a positive result for tests that used cytokeratin immunohistochemical staining significantly (P < 0.05) influenced survival time and disease-free interval. Analysis of data for the study reported here suggested that histologic criteria can be an excellent predictor of dogs that are likely to have tumor recurrence after amputation and that would most likely benefit from aggressive treatment with adjuvants.