RESUMEN
The Department of Defense is the largest employer of full-time musicians. In the U.S. military, many musicians experience unique occupational exposures such as extended periods of standing, sitting, and marching for rehearsals and performances, static and non-neutral postures, and a variety of repetitive motions while playing instruments. These exposures are in addition to physical training and fitness standards required of U.S. Army soldiers. METHODS: An electronic survey was administered to active-duty U.S. Army Band musicians. The survey collected demographics, personal characteristics, Army Physical Fitness Test performance, occupational demands, health behaviors, and injuries from October 2017 to December 2018. Survey responses were combined with medical and physical fitness performance records. Descriptive statistics were reported and factors associated with injuries were investigated. RESULTS: There were 465 Army Band members in this population, with approximately half (49%) completing the survey. Most survey respondents (81%) reported an injury in the past year, which they predominantly attributed to overuse (54%). Leading reported activities resulting in injury included running for physical training (21%), repetitive movements while playing an instrument (11%), and standing while playing (11%). A majority of survey respondents (60%) also had a medical encounter for an injury. Factors significantly associated with injury among men were lower aerobic fitness and higher body fat percentage; additional unadjusted factors associated with injury among all Army Band soldiers included female sex, older age, and longer periods of marching and standing while playing. CONCLUSIONS: Injury prevention initiatives for Army Band musicians should focus on the reduction of overuse and repetitive motion injuries. Suggested prevention strategies include balanced physical training, ergonomic adjustments, rehearsal breaks, and leadership support for injury prevention efforts.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos de Traumas Acumulados , Personal Militar , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Aptitud Física/fisiología , Factores de Riesgo , Ejercicio Físico , Trastornos de Traumas Acumulados/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
: Purpose: Despite the evidence supporting safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) practices, anecdotal evidence suggests that such practices are not universally taught in academic nursing programs. The primary goal of this cross-sectional descriptive study was to understand what nursing programs teach students about lifting, turning, transferring, repositioning, and mobilizing patients. METHODS: Faculty from baccalaureate and associate's degree nursing programs in the United States were invited via e-mail to complete a 64-item survey questionnaire, which was accessible through an online link. Participants were also invited to send documents related to SPHM course content to the research team. RESULTS: Faculty from 228 baccalaureate and associate's degree nursing programs completed the questionnaire. Most curricula included outdated manual techniques, taught reliance on body mechanics to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries, and made use of nonergonomic aids such as draw sheets. Elements of SPHM in the curricula were less common, and nearly half of the respondents didn't know whether their affiliated clinical facilities had an SPHM program. CONCLUSIONS: The survey results suggest many possibilities for improvement-such as partnering with faculty in physical and occupational therapy departments, clinical partnering, and working with equipment vendors-to better incorporate evidence-based SPHM principles and practices into nursing curricula.
Asunto(s)
Curriculum , Educación Continua en Enfermería/estadística & datos numéricos , Movimiento y Levantamiento de Pacientes/métodos , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital/educación , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/prevención & control , Administración de la Seguridad/métodos , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
The MCAM's ICD-9 Analysis Tool provides preventive medicine program developers with a powerful tool to demonstrate ROI. Previously disjointed cost components have been brought together in the MCAM to calculate the total medical cost avoided. Users are required to make 4 data entries. In response, the user receives the highly coveted medical cost avoidance that should be realized. The SPHMP example demonstrates how simple it is to use the MCAM to determine the expected ROI.
Asunto(s)
Medicina Militar/economía , Modelos Económicos , Medicina Preventiva , Control de Costos/métodos , Costos y Análisis de Costo , Eficiencia Organizacional , Prioridades en Salud , Humanos , Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades , Tiempo de Internación/economía , Medicina Militar/organización & administración , Estados Unidos , United States Department of Veterans Affairs , Ayuda a Lisiados de Guerra/economíaRESUMEN
This study aimed to describe patient-handling demands in inpatient units during a 24-hour period at a military health care facility. A 1-day total population survey described the diverse nature and impact of patient-handling tasks relative to a variety of nursing care units, patient characteristics, and transfer equipment. Productivity baselines were established based on patient dependency, physical exertion, type of transfer, and time spent performing the transfer. Descriptions of the physiological effect of transfers on staff based on patient, transfer, and staff characteristics were developed. Nursing staff response to surveys demonstrated how patient-handling demands are impacted by the staff's physical exertion and level of patient dependency. The findings of this study describe the types of transfers occurring in these inpatient units and the physical exertion and time requirements for these transfers. This description may guide selection of the most appropriate and cost-effective patient-handling equipment required for specific units and patients.