RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have established that acculturation is associated with dietary intake among Mexican immigrants and their offspring, but few studies have investigated whether food purchasing, food preparation or food-related values act as mechanisms of dietary acculturation. We examine the relationship between language use and a wide range of food behaviours and food-related values among Mexican-American adults. DESIGN: Nationally representative probability sample of the US population. SETTING: 2005-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. SUBJECTS: Mexican-American adults (n 2792) at least 20 years of age. RESULTS: Mexican Americans who speak only or mostly English consume more energy from fast-food and sit-down restaurants and report increased consumption of non-homemade meals, fast-food and pizza meals, frozen meals and ready-to-eat meals relative to Spanish speakers. English speakers prepare one fewer homemade dinner per week and spend less time on meal preparation. English speakers are more likely than Spanish speakers to cite convenience as an important reason why they prefer fast food over cooking at home. There is no relationship between language use and the perceived importance of the nutritional quality, price or taste of fast food. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence that the well-documented relationship between acculturation and diet among Mexican Americans may be just one indicator of a broader pattern characterized by decreased home meal preparation and increased reliance on convenience foods.
Asunto(s)
Aculturación , Dieta/efectos adversos , Conducta Alimentaria , Preferencias Alimentarias , Lenguaje , Política Nutricional , Cooperación del Paciente , Actividades Cotidianas , Adulto , Culinaria , Estudios Transversales , Dieta/etnología , Encuestas sobre Dietas , Comida Rápida/efectos adversos , Conducta Alimentaria/etnología , Femenino , Preferencias Alimentarias/etnología , Humanos , Masculino , Americanos Mexicanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Multilingüismo , Cooperación del Paciente/etnología , Factores de Tiempo , Estados Unidos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
We describe the first application of the charomid-cloning method for developing single-locus minisatellite DNA probes in a terrestrial arthropod. From a genomic library of the neotropical pseudoscorpion, Cordylochernes scorpioides, we have isolated two probes with heterozygosities exceeding 95%. These probes yielded single-locus patterns after only low stringency washing and in the absence of genomic competitor DNA. Analysis of three pedigrees indicated germline stability and showed no evidence of linkage between the loci. Patterns of allelic transmission generally conformed closely to Mendelian expectations but large offspring numbers did enable detection of one example of significant bias in allele inheritance. Two test cases are presented to illustrate the clarity and power with which these probes can establish paternity: (i) a female mated to three unrelated males, and (ii) a female mated to two of her brothers. In both cases, a single probe could be used to assign the paternity of all offspring.
Asunto(s)
Arácnidos/genética , Sondas de ADN , ADN Satélite/genética , Animales , Clonación Molecular , Escarabajos , Padre , Femenino , Guyana Francesa , Tamización de Portadores Genéticos , Vectores Genéticos , Biblioteca Genómica , Masculino , Conducta Sexual AnimalRESUMEN
Os autores fazem uma pesquisa de opinião com os formandos de Odontologia, verificando quais suas perspectivas sobre o exercício da profissão que irão iniciar
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Práctica Profesional , Estudiantes de OdontologíaRESUMEN
As autoras descrevem uma metodologia para implantação de programas preventivos das doenças da placa na comunidade, por meio de alunos de odontologia
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Caries Dental/prevención & control , Planes y Programas de SaludRESUMEN
The charts of 50 patients with hepatic amebic abscesses diagnosed during 1976 in the Hospital de Especialidades del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social and in the Unidad Hospitalaria La Paz in the city of Puebla, were reviewed: 39 were men and 11 women, with an age range between the third and sixth decade. It was necessary to resort to surgical treatment in 25 (50%) of the patients for one or various of the following reasons: failure of medical treatment, imminent perforation, septicemia, perforation or the occurrence of an extremely large abscess. The total mortality was 2%. In all cases medical treatment was administered in the pre- and postoperative period. The surgical technique as well as its frequency is described and compared with the results of other groups. The mortality in our study was very low probably because the patients with large abscesses or sepsis were operated on an early stage of their evolution.