RESUMEN
Wide ranges of organochlorine residues were determined in the blubber of franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei), estuarine dolphin (Sotalia guianensis), Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis), and long-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus capensis) incidentally caught along Brazilian coastal waters. Concentrations of DDTs and PCBs were the highest, followed by CHLs, TCPMOH, dieldrin, TCPMe, heptachlor epoxide, HCB, and HCHs. Unexpectedly, significant pollution of PCBs, DDTs, TCPMe, and TCPMOH were observed in cetaceans from Brazil, implying the occurrence of local sources in the Southern Hemisphere comparable to those in the Northern Hemisphere, probably by high industrialization in Brazil. On the other hand, CHLs, HCB, HCHs, heptachlor epoxide, and dieldrin residue levels in Brazilian dolphins were much lower than those in other species from the Northern Hemisphere. Significant correlations of TCPMe and TCPMOH were found along with PCBs and DDTs, indicating the highly bioaccumulative nature of all these compounds and/or possible similar pollution sources.
Asunto(s)
Delfines , Contaminantes Ambientales/farmacocinética , Insecticidas/farmacocinética , Bifenilos Policlorados/farmacocinética , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/farmacocinética , Animales , Brasil , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Contaminantes Ambientales/análisis , Residuos Industriales , Insecticidas/análisis , Bifenilos Policlorados/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisisRESUMEN
Despite the economical importance of sugar cane, until the present-date no studies have been carried out to determine the correlation of the molecular-based genetic similarity (GS) and the coefficient of parentage ( f)-estimates generated for cultivars. A comprehensive knowledge of the amount of genetic diversity in parental cultivars, could improve the effectiveness of breeding programmes. In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and pedigree data were used to investigate the genetic relationship in a group of 79 cultivars (interspecific hybrids), used as parents in one of the Brazilian breeding programmes, and four species of Saccharum ( Saccharum sinense, Saccharum barberi and two of Saccharum officinarum). The objectives of this study were to assess the level of genetic similarity among the sugar-cane cultivars and to investigate the correlation between the AFLP-based GS and f, based on pedigree information. Twenty one primer combinations were used to obtain the AFLP molecular markers, generating a total of 2,331 bands, of which 1,121 were polymorphic, with a polymorphism rate, on average, of 50% per primer combination. GSs were determined using Jaccard's similarity coefficient, and a final dendrogram was constructed using an unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA). AFLP-based GS ranged from 0.28 to 0.89, with a mean of 0.47, whereas f ranged from 0 to 0.503, with a mean of 0.057. Cluster analysis using GS divided the genotypes into related subgroups suggesting that there is important genetic relationship among the cultivars. AFLP-based GS and f were significantly correlated ( r= 0.42, P< 0.001), thus the significance of this r value suggests that the AFLP data may help to more-accurately quantify the degree of relationship among sugar-cane cultivars.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether circadian rhythm of blood pressure (BP) is altered in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), and if so, to determine whether it is reversible after refeeding. STUDY DESIGN: Ambulatory BP monitoring was performed on 17 female inpatients with AN (mean age, 13.3 +/- 1.9 years) at the time of admission and serially during refeeding; 17 age-matched normal weight, normotensive female inpatients served as control subjects. RESULTS: Patients with AN had lost an average of 23.4% +/- 11.5% of body weight before the illness. Weight after refeeding was 105.6% +/- 9. 2% of that before illness. Mean 24-hour systolic BP (SBP) (96.5 +/- 8.6 mm Hg) and diastolic BP (DBP) (53.4 +/- 5.8 mm Hg) were significantly lower in patients with AN compared with those of control subjects (SBP, 106.1 +/- 6.5 mm Hg; DBP, 60.2 +/- 5.8 mm Hg). Although awake SBP and DBP were also lower in patients with AN, asleep SBP and DBP were not statistically different from those of control subjects. Night/day BP ratio in the control group was 0.93 +/- 0.06 in systolic and 0.92 +/- 0.09 in diastolic. Those values were significantly elevated in patients with AN (systolic 1.00 +/- 0. 09 and diastolic 1.00 +/- 0.09). After refeeding, the ratio decreased to 0.88 +/- 0.09 and 0.90 +/- 0.08,respectively (both P <. 05 vs baseline). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with AN, circadian variation of BP is absent. This reverts to normal after refeeding.
Asunto(s)
Anorexia Nerviosa/fisiopatología , Presión Sanguínea , Ritmo Circadiano , Adolescente , Análisis de Varianza , Anorexia Nerviosa/dietoterapia , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/instrumentación , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/métodos , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/estadística & datos numéricos , Niño , Femenino , HumanosRESUMEN
We studied the effects of pulmonary congestion on the development of atopic asthma in 31 infants with congenital heart disease. Respiratory distress did not resolve after surgery in seven patients, six of whom had a family history of allergy. Pulmonary congestion in infancy may increase the risk of atopic asthma in genetically predisposed children.