RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Nutritional interventions have been envisaged to improve hyperphosphatemia and malnutrition, two important risk factors associated with mortality in dialysis patients. We evaluated the effects of egg white consumption on serum phosphate and malnutrition in dialysis patients. METHODS: In an open-label, per protocol clinical trial, conducted in Kerman dialysis centers, 150 hemodialysis patients aged ≥18 years with serum phosphorus ≥5.5 mg/dl were included in the study. All participants limited their intake of foods containing phosphorus for 4 weeks, and then they were divided into a control and an intervention group. The control group continued their ordinary diet and the participants in the intervention group consumed a Telavang egg white pack (containing six egg whites, 96 calories, 24 g protein) as a substitute for meat products 3 days a week for 8 weeks. Finally, changes in serum albumin, phosphorus, calcium, PTH, and cholesterol were measured. FINDINGS: At the baseline, there were no significant differences in the laboratory variables between the two groups. After 8 weeks, serum cholesterol (124.3 ± 38.1, vs. 135.8 ± 28.8, p = 0.003) and phosphorus levels (4.5 ± 1.03, vs. 6.7 ± 1.5, p = 0.001) were significantly lower in the intervention group compared with the control group. Also, serum albumin (4.5 ± 0.07 vs. 3.7 ± 0.4, p = 0.001) was significantly higher in the intervention group. Moreover, phosphorus, PTH, and cholesterol levels in the intervention group were significantly lower than their baseline values (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The results showed that the egg white could be a useful source of protein for dialysis patients, as it simultaneously reduces serum phosphorus and cholesterol, and increases serum albumin.
Asunto(s)
Hiperfosfatemia , Desnutrición , Adolescente , Adulto , Calcio , Colesterol , Dieta , Clara de Huevo , Humanos , Hiperfosfatemia/etiología , Fosfatos , Fósforo , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Albúmina SéricaRESUMEN
Radiation workers in medical diagnostic departments are occupationally exposed to long-term low-dose ionizing radiation, which may cause radiation-induced side effects. This study investigated subtypes of peripheral blood lymphocytes and immunoglobulin levels in workers who were occupationally exposed to X-ray radiation at the Department of Radiology. Seventeen radiology workers received low levels of ionizing radiation as the study group and 18 individuals who were not exposed to radiation were included as the control group. The percentage of lymphocyte subtypes (CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+) and serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG and IgM) were measured using peripheral blood samples. Considering all lymphocyte subtypes and serum levels of IgA, IgG and IgM, there was no significant difference between the study and control groups (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in all mentioned parameters regarding gender (P > 0.05). For the length of employment period, there was a significant difference concerning CD4+/CD8+ (P < 0.05). The findings showed that exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation does not affect the immune system of workers in diagnostic radiology dose level. Because of relatively small samples of workers, it is suggested that these factors be investigated on larger samples of radiology workers.
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Inmunidad Celular/efectos de la radiación , Inmunidad Humoral/efectos de la radiación , Exposición Profesional , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulinas/sangre , Linfocitos/efectos de la radiación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dosis de Radiación , Radiología , Rayos X , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Due to increasing cardiac disease and its mortality rate, the frequency of cardiac imaging has grown and, as a result, interventional cardiologists potentially receive high radiation doses in cardiac examinations. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) level of radiation protection (RP) among interventional radiology staff in Iranian health care centers across the country. METHODS: We used a validated questionnaire survey consisting of 30 multiple-choice questions to perform a cross-sectional study. Participants were healthcare personnel working professionally with radiation at different levels (i.e., secretary, radiology technologists, nurse, and physician). The questionnaire was divided into three sections to assess KAP regarding RP. RESULTS: Significant differences exist in RP KAP mean scores based on educational age (p < 0.050). There was no significant difference in RP KAP mean scores when looking at sex, practice age, and hospital type (p > 0.050). We found a significant difference between RP KAP mean scores and different regions (p < 0.050). CONCLUSIONS: Educational and practice age, sex, type of hospital, and geographical region affect he KAP of interventional radiology staff regarding RP. Since many of the subjective radiation harms for both medical team and patients, this can be easily controlled and prevented; a checkup for personnel of interventional radiology departments, considering samples from different parts of the country with different levels of education, continuous training, and practical courses may help map the status of KAP. The results of this study may also help authorized health physics officers design strategic plans to enhance the quality of such services in radiation departments.