RESUMEN
The effect of intranasally administered (DesGly9-Arg8) vasopressin (DGAVP) on certain aspects of cognitive functions of alcoholic patients was studied. The investigation was carried out in 103 chronic alcoholic patients. None of the patients suffered from Korsakoff's syndrome, portal encephalopathy or brain damage of other etiology. The trial was double-blind, placebo controlled. Psychological testing, which included certain aspects of attention, short-term and long-term memory and spatial orientation, was carried out on the day before (baseline measurements), on the last day (II), and seven days after the last administration of DGAVP (III). No treatment effect of DGAVP was observed. The results show that investigations with humans are infinitely more complex than those with animals, since a number of physiological and socio-psychological factors must be controlled. In this study of alcoholics two such factors: 1) duration of abstinence and 2) adaptation to test situation were identified.
Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo/psicología , Arginina Vasopresina/análogos & derivados , Cognición/efectos de los fármacos , Adulto , Arginina Vasopresina/administración & dosificación , Arginina Vasopresina/farmacología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , TemplanzaRESUMEN
Proliferations fo the retinal pigment epithelium over malignant malanoms of the coroid were examined in the following regions: 1. at the posterior pole, 2. in the equator region, 3. in the ora region. The pigment epithelial cells exist in each proliferation in a differently marked pattern of mono- and double layers. Furthermore the proliferations show a varying amount and localisation of a fine fibrillar substance. The majority of the proliferated pigment epithelial cells at the posterior pole are loosely arranged to mono and double layers. Fine fibrillar substance occurs only adjacent to the mono-layers. The proliferation at the equator has a more distinct layering of the cells. The fine fibrillar substance is mainly located between the two layers of double layered cell complexes. The proloferation in the ora-region is characterised by numerous flat mono- and double layers which are embedded in fine fibrillar substance.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Coroides/patología , Melanoma/patología , Epitelio Pigmentado Ocular/patología , Anciano , División Celular , Neoplasias de la Coroides/ultraestructura , Humanos , Melanoma/ultraestructura , Microscopía Electrónica , Persona de Mediana Edad , Epitelio Pigmentado Ocular/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
Proliferations of the retinal pigment epithelium over malignant melanomas of the choroid from three human eyes were examined at various locations: 1. at the posterior pole, 2. in the equator region, 3. at the ora serrata. The observation was made that in each proliferation one cell type dominates which could be distinguished by its shape and cytoplasm from those of the other proliferations. Only the cells of the proliferation at the posterior pole correspond with the normal pigment epithelium. Most of the cells in the equator region show several properties of glia cells whereas these of the ora resemble fibroblasts. Our findings suggest that the proliferated pigment epithelium over malignant melanomas of the choroid is capable of undergoing metaplastic changes.