RESUMEN
Cutaneous and Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC, HNSCC) are among the most prevalent cancers. Both types of cancer can be treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) by using the photosensitizer Temoporfin in HNSCC and the prodrug methyl-aminolevulinate (MAL) in CSCC. However, PDT is not always effective. Therefore, it is mandatory to correctly approach the therapy according to the characteristics of the tumour cells. For this reason, we have used cell lines of CSCC (A431 and SCC13) and HNSCC (HN5 and SCC9). The results obtained indicated that the better response to MAL-PDT was related to its localization in the plasma membrane (A431 and HN5 cells). However, with Temoporfin all cell lines showed lysosome localization, even the most sensitive ones (HN5). The expression of mesenchymal markers and migratory capacity was greater in HNSCC lines compared to CSCC, but no correlation with PDT response was observed. The translocation to the nucleus of ß-catenin and GSK3ß and the activation of NF-κß is related to the poor response to PDT in the HNSCC lines. Therefore, we propose that intracellular localization of GSK3ß could be a good marker of response to PDT in HNSCC. Although the molecular mechanism of response to PDT needs further elucidation, this work shows that the most MAL-resistant line of CSCC is more sensitive to Temoporfin.
Asunto(s)
Ácido Aminolevulínico/análogos & derivados , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Mesoporfirinas , Neoplasias de la Boca , Fotoquimioterapia , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Glucógeno Sintasa Quinasa 3 beta , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Neoplasias de la Boca/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácido Aminolevulínico/farmacología , Ácido Aminolevulínico/uso terapéutico , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
En la actualidad existe una amplia vriedad de tratamientos para el cáncer cutáneo no melanoma, como son 5-fluoracilo, mebutato de ingenol, imiquimod, diclofenaco, terapia fotodinámica, metotrexato, cetuximab, vismodegib, radioterapia, todos ellos con altas tasas de respuesta clínica e histológica. Sin embargo, algunos tumores no responden al tratamiento, debido a la aparición de resistencias, tanto primarias como adquiridas. El estudio de los procesos de resistencia es un campo extenso de investigación que conlleva a ampliar los conocimientos de la naturaleza de cada tumor, las características biológicas que lo hacen resistente y el diseño de nuevas terapias dirigidas contra los mismos. En este segundo trabajo se revisan las resistencias descritas a otros tratamientos no quirúrgicos frente al cáncer cutáneo no melanoma, diferentes a los tratamientos tópicos, como son diferentes anticuerpos monoclonales frente a CBC y CEC, la quimioterapia intralesional, la terapia fotodinámica y la radioterapia
A wide range of treatments is now available for nonmelanoma skin cancer, including 5-fluorouracil, ingenol mebutate, imiquimod, diclofenac, photodynamic therapy, methotrexate, cetuximab, vismodegib, and radiotherapy. All are associated with high clinical and histologic response rates. However, some tumors do not respond due to resistance, which may be primary or acquired. Study of the resistance processes is a broad area of research that aims to increase our understanding of the nature of each tumor and the biologic features that make it resistant, as well as to facilitate the design of new therapies directed against these tumors. In this second article, having covered the topical treatments of nonmelanoma skin cancer, we review resistance to other nonsurgical treatments, such as monoclonal antibodies against basal and squamous cell carcinomas, intralesional chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and radiotherapy
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Melanoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutáneas/tratamiento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Cetuximab/uso terapéutico , Metotrexato/uso terapéutico , RadioterapiaRESUMEN
A wide range of treatments is now available for nonmelanoma skin cancer, including 5-fluorouracil, ingenol mebutate, imiquimod, diclofenac, photodynamic therapy, methotrexate, cetuximab, vismodegib, and radiotherapy. All are associated with high clinical and histologic response rates. However, some tumors do not respond due to resistance, which may be primary or acquired. Study of the resistance processes is a broad area of research that aims to increase our understanding of the nature of each tumor and the biologic features that make it resistant, as well as to facilitate the design of new therapies directed against these tumors. In this second article, having covered the topical treatments of nonmelanoma skin cancer, we review resistance to other nonsurgical treatments, such as monoclonal antibodies against basal and squamous cell carcinomas, intralesional chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and radiotherapy.