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OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to verify the association between smartphone/tablet exposure and physical activity and sleep in children from 5 to 10 years old. Data Source: This study followed the guidelines of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and included studies that met eligibility criteria based on the "PECO" strategy: participants (children from 5 to 10 years old), exposure (smartphone and tablet use), and outcome (physical activity and sleep). STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA: The inclusion criteria were observational studies published in indexed scientific journals and written in Portuguese, English, and Spanish that verified the association of exposure to smartphones/tablets with physical activity and sleep in children aged 5 to 10 years of both sexes. Studies were considered eligible only if they met the previous criteria. Data Extraction: The search was conducted in January 2023 on databases from electronic journals without the restriction of the period. To meta-analyze were extracted and grouped using models of fixed and random effects, the coefficients Odds Ratio (OR), Beta (ß), Standard Error (SE), and Confidence Intervals of 95% (95%CI). Data Synthesis: 2396 potentially relevant papers were identified, and 17 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: It can be verified that there was an inverse association between smartphones with physical activity and sleep. Studies indicate that for every additional hour of smartphone and tablet use, sleep can be expected to decrease by an average of 11 minutes (ß = - 0.11; 95%CI = -0.13; -0.09). Children using smartphones and tablets were 1.79 times (OR = 1.79; 95%CI = 1.72-1.86) more likely to have shorter sleep duration and 1.53 times (OR = 1.53; 95%CI = 1.41-1.65) more likely to have worse sleep quality. Children with shorter smartphone and tablet usage were 1.19 times more likely to be active (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.03-1.37). CONCLUSION: Children of 5 to 10 years who are more often exposed to smartphones and tablets are prone to have worse quality and quantity of sleep, as well as less practice of physical activity. Health promotion actions can be encouraged based on the results, aiming to reduce the use time of these devices and improve children's health and quality of life.

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Abstract Aims: To present to the scientific community the transposition of the printed version to the electronic version of the WebCas questionnaire. Methods: The transposition of the printed version to the electronic version of the WebCas questionnaire was carried out using the service of a computer programming professional. Through a response interface, the students had access to instructions to respond to the questionnaire. The MySQL 5 method was used to store the information, allowing the generation of reports. To record the responses, students were instructed to click on the chosen option. In case of error, they should choose another option, changing the option chosen previously. The "next" arrow indicated that the individuals being evaluated could change the page. Results: The WebCas questionnaire presented several functionalities related to its presentation and filling out process. In the restricted access to maintenance activities, it is possible to visualize 8 icons: 1 - questionnaire (information regarding the completion and development methodology of the questionnaire); 2 - students (registration information, anthropometric data and student code); 3 - activities (name of the activity, the domain such activity is inserted, intensities and values in MET's); 4 - questions (statement and category of the question); 5 - graphs (showing the results of each question in the bar or pie format graphs); 6 - reports (reports export). Conclusion: The WebCas questionnaire is a technological resource that will assist health researchers in the collection, storage, and preliminary processing of information regarding health-related behaviors in schoolchildren.

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The aim was to compare the metabolic risk factors (MRF) between sex, age and socioeconomic status in a sample of adolescents from Curitiba, Brazil. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 997 adolescents (429 boys) aged 12-17 years old from public schools. Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c, Triglycerides, Glycemia, Blood Pressure, waist circumference and body mass index were measured. Sex, age and socioeconomic status information was obtained using a questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, Fisher Exact and Chi-Square Tests were used to establish the sample's characteristics and the MRF comparison between variables. We found that 27.4% were classified as overweight/obese, almost half of them had TC and LDL-c classified as limitrophe/altered, with a difference between the sexes (p < 0.01), and that a higher percentage of altered values was seen among girls. The percentage of 3 and 4 or more MRF was 13.8% and 6.3%, respectively. In addition, 86.5% of the participants had at least one and 39.7% had at least two MRF. We conclude that there was a high percentage of overweight/obese, as well as a great number of subjects with altered TC and HDL-c. We also pointed out the large percentage of aggregated metabolic risk factors in both sexes. Strategies to reduce metabolic risk factors are required.

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Abstract The aim was to compare the metabolic risk factors (MRF) between sex, age and socioeconomic status in a sample of adolescents from Curitiba, Brazil. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 997 adolescents (429 boys) aged 12-17 years old from public schools. Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c, Triglycerides, Glycemia, Blood Pressure, waist circumference and body mass index were measured. Sex, age and socioeconomic status information was obtained using a questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, Fisher Exact and Chi-Square Tests were used to establish the sample's characteristics and the MRF comparison between variables. We found that 27.4% were classified as overweight/obese, almost half of them had TC and LDL-c classified as limitrophe/altered, with a difference between the sexes (p < 0.01), and that a higher percentage of altered values was seen among girls. The percentage of 3 and 4 or more MRF was 13.8% and 6.3%, respectively. In addition, 86.5% of the participants had at least one and 39.7% had at least two MRF. We conclude that there was a high percentage of overweight/obese, as well as a great number of subjects with altered TC and HDL-c. We also pointed out the large percentage of aggregated metabolic risk factors in both sexes. Strategies to reduce metabolic risk factors are required.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os fatores de risco metabólicos (FRM) entre sexo, idade e nível socioeconômico numa amostra de adolescentes de Curitiba, Brasil. O estudo transversal foi conduzido com 997 adolescentes da rede pública de ensino (429 meninos) com idade entre 12-17 anos. Coletaram-se dados de colesterol total (CT), LDL-c, HDL-c, triglicerídeos, glicemia, pressão arterial, circunferência de cintura e índice de massa corporal. Informações sobre sexo, idade e nível socioeconômico foram coletados por meio de um questionário. Foram utilizadas análises descritivas, teste exato de Fisher e Qui-quadrado. Observou-se que 27,4% foram classificados como sobrepeso/obeso, quase metade com CT e LDL-c limítrofes/alterados, com uma diferença entre os sexos (p < 0,01) e uma proporção maior entre as meninas. Verificou-se que as proporções de 3 e 4 ou mais FRM foram 13,8% e 6,3%, respectivamente. Adicionalmente, 86,5% e 39,7% dos adolescentes demonstraram ao menos um e dois FRM, respectivamente. Conclui-se que houve um elevado percentual de sobrepeso/obeso, assim como um grande número de sujeitos com CT e HDL-s alterados. Verificou-se um grande percentual de agregação de FRM em ambos os sexos. São necessárias estratégias para reduzir esses fatores de risco nessa fase da vida.

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Identificar a associação da atividade física (AF) com a agregação dos fatores de risco metabólicos em adolescentes de Curitiba, Paraná. Participaram do estudo 162 adolescentes (64 meninos). Foram avaliados os níveis de AF (por meio de acelerômetros), o perfil metabólico (glicêmico e lipídico) e antropométrico (circunferência de cintura). Calculou-se Escores Z para cada fator de risco e a soma destes escores categorizou o Escore de Risco Metabólico (ERM). Para análise estatística, utilizou-se da correlação de Spearman e do teste de Kruskal-Wallis adotando p<0,05. Os resultados demonstram quea AF relacionou-se inversamente com os valores de Triglicerídeos (r=-0,217, p<0,05), Colesterol Total (r=-0,243, p<0,05), LDL-C (r=-0,211, p<0,05) e ERM (r=-0,269, p<0,01) nas meninas. Meninas do grupo de maior nível de AF apresentaram menores valores de Colesterol Total e ERM em comparaçãoàs do grupo de baixo nível de AF (p<0,01). Conclui-se que a prática de AF favoreceu o melhor perfil metabólico nas meninas.

The purpose was to identify the association between physical activity (PA) and clustering of metabolic risk factors in adolescents from Curitiba, Parana. As methods, 162 adolescents (64 boys) composed the sample. PA levels (through accelerometers) and metabolic (glucose and lipid) and anthropometric (waist circumference) profiles were assessed. Z scores were calculated for each risk factor and the sum of these scores categorized the Metabolic Risk Score (MRS). For statistical analysis, we used the Spearman rank correlation and the Kruskal-Wallis test, considering p <0.05. The results shows PA was inversely related with Triglycerides (r=-0.217, p<0.05), Total Cholesterol (r=-0.243, p<0.05), LDL-C (r=-0.211, p <0.05) and MRS (r = -0.269, p<0.01) in girls. Girls grouped at highest level of PA had lower values of Total Cholesterol and MRS compared to the low level group of PA (p<0.01). In conclusion the practice of PA favored the better metabolic profile in girls.

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Objetivo: Verificar a associação dos níveis de atividade física e dos hábitos alimentares com os perfis antropométrico e lipídico em adolescentes de Curitiba, Paraná. Métodos: Coletou-se colesterol total, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglicerídeos, IMC, e verificou-se nível socioeconômico (NSE), atividade física, comportamento sedentário e frequência alimentar de 572 jovens. Para estatísticas descritivas e regressão logística binária, utilizou-se o SPSS 17.0. Resultados: Os meninos foram mais ativos que as meninas e estas apresentaram mais chances de terem níveis de colesterol e LDL-c alterados, respectivamente 67% e 53%. Observou-se associação entre o NSE alto e elevados níveis de triglicerídeos (p<0,05). Os indivíduos classificados no segundo e terceiro quartis da atividade física moderada a vigorosa apresentaram maiores chances de ter HDL-c alterado, comparado ao primeiro quartil. Conclusão: As meninas apresentaram perfil metabólico menos favorável que os meninos, além disso, existe uma associação entre a AFMV e os níveis de HDL-c.

Objectives: To verify the association of physical activity and eating habits with the anthropometric and lipid profiles among adolescents from Curitiba, Paraná. Methods: The variables collected were total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides, BMI, socioeconomic status (SES), physical activity, sedentary behavior and eating frequency. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were realized by SPSS 17.0. Results: Boys were more physically active than girls, and girls had 67% and 53% more chance of having elevated cholesterol and LDL-c, respectively. We observed an association between high SES and elevated triglycerides (p<0.05). Who is classified into the second and third moderate to vigorous physical activity level quartiles is more susceptible of having altered HDL-c comparing to first quartile. Conclusion: Girls had a metabolic profile less favorable than boys, and there is a significantly association between MVPA level and HDL-c.

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The purpose of this study was to establish the association between sedentary behavior and the anthropometric and metabolic profiles within a sample group of 572 adolescents from public schools in the city of Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil. Approximately 8 ml of blood was drawn to measure total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides, and glucose. Stature and body mass were measured to calculate the body mass index. Information about the subjects' socioeconomic status, physical activity level, sedentary behavior, eating frequency, as well as personal information was obtained through questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, measures of central tendency and percentage score, and Binary Logistic Regression were used to obtain the odds ratio with a CI of 95% and p<0.05. Half of the girls had TC levels classified as borderline or altered, and total screen time presented a significant association between the metabolic variables analyzed in the study. We conclude that girls had TC levels less favorable than that of the boys and that screen time is associated with some metabolic variables.

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre o comportamento sedentário e o perfil antropométrico e metabólico em uma amostra de adolescentes de Curitiba, Paraná. Participaram da pesquisa 572 adolescentes da rede pública de ensino. Coletou-se aproximadamente 8 ml de sangue para determinar o colesterol total (CT), lipoproteína de baixa densidade, lipoproteína de alta densidade, triglicerídeos e glicemia. Mensurou-se a estatura e massa corporal para cálculo do índice de massa corporal. Obteve-se dados sobre informações pessoais, nível socioeconômico, nível de atividade física, comportamento sedentário e frequência alimentar através de questionários auto preenchidos. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva, medidas de tendência central e proporção, e a Regressão Logística Binária para obtenção do razão de chances com intervalo de confiança de 95% e p<0,05. Metade das moças apresentou alterações no CT e houve uma associação positiva significativa entre o tempo total de tela e as variáveis metabólicas avaliadas no estudo. Conclui-se que as meninas mostraram valores de CT menos favorável que os rapazes e, existe uma correlação entre o tempo de tela e algumas variáveis metabólicas.

El objetivo fue investigar la asociación entre el comportamiento sedentario y el perfil antropométrico y metabólico en adolescentes en la ciudad de Curitiba, Paraná. Los participantes fueron 572 adolescentes matriculados en las escuelas públicas. Se recogieron 8 ml de sangre para determinar el colesterol total (CT), LDL-c, HDL-c, triglicéridos y glucosa. Se midió la altura y el peso para calcular el índice de masa corporal. Los datos sobre la información personal, el nivel socioeconómico, el nivel de actividad física, el sedentarismo y el consumo alimentario se recogieron a través de cuestionarios auto-completados. Se empleó la estadística descriptiva, medidas de tendencia central y de proporción, y la regresión logística binaria para obtener la odds ratio con intervalo de confianza del 95% y p<0,05. La mitad de las chicas tenían el colesterol alto y existe una asociación positiva significativa entre el tiempo total de pantalla y las variables metabólicas evaluadas en el estudio. Llegamos a la conclusión de que las chicas presentan el CT menos favorable que los niños y el tiempo total de pantalla corresponde a las variables metabólicas.

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This study aimed to investigate the association of overweight and obesity with hypertension in adolescents from public schools in Curitiba, southern Brazil. The sample comprised 1,549 randomly selected adolescents aged 12 to 18 years (744 males). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and classified according to Conde and Monteiro (2006). Blood pressure was measured by the auscultation method on two occasions (different days) and was classified according to the fourth report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program (NHBPEP). Prevalence ratio was used as a measure of association. Overweight and obesity were observed in 23% and 5.8% of boys, respectively. Among girls, 18.8% were overweight and 5.6% were obese. After two measurements, 7% of boys had prehypertension and 10.5% had hypertension. Prehypertension and hypertension were observed in 5.2% and 9.9% of girls, respectively. Obesity was significantly associated with high blood pressure among boys (PR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.07-1.32). Overweight (PR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.04-1.17) and obese (PR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.13-1.40) girls were more likely to have high blood pressure levels in comparison to normal weight adolescents. These results showed alarming estimates of hypertension among young people and that the reduction of obesity during adolescence should be focused on public policies for hypertension prevention in the population.

O estudo objetivou investigar a associação do sobrepeso e obesidade com a hipertensão arterial em adolescentes da rede pública de ensino da cidade de Curitiba-PR. A amostra foi constituída por 1.549 adolescentes, de idades de 12 a 18 anos (744 do sexo masculino), selecionados de forma aleatória. O índice de massa corporal (IMC) foi calculado e classificado conforme Conde e Monteiro (2006). A pressão arterial foi aferida pelo método auscultatório em duas ocasiões e classificada conforme o quarto relatório do National High Blood Pressure Education Program (NHBPEP). A razão de prevalência foi usada como medida de associação. O sobrepeso e a obesidade estiveram presentes em 23% e 5,8% dos meninos, respectivamente. Entre meninas, 18,8% estavam com sobrepeso e 5,6% eram obesas. Após duas avaliações, 7% dos meninos apresentavam pré-hipertensão e 10,5% tinham hipertensão. A pré-hipertensão e hipertensão foram encontradas em 5,2% e 9,9% das meninas, respectivamente. Somente a obesidade esteve significativamente associadaà pressão arterial elevada entre os meninos(RP = 1,19, IC 95% = 1,07-1,32). Meninas com sobrepeso (RP = 1,11, IC 95% = 1,04-1,17) e obesidade (RP = 1,26, IC 95% = 1,13-1,40) tiveram uma maior probabilidade de apresentar elevados níveis pressóricos em comparação às adolescentes eutróficas. Esses resultados evidenciaram estimativas preocupantes da hipertensão arterial entre adolescentes e que a redução da obesidade, ainda na juventude, deve ser focada em políticas públicas de prevenção da hipertensão arterial na população.