RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and changes in its prevalence in a tertiary hospital in the autonomous community of Madrid. METHOD: Between 2005 and 2007, we carried out a descriptive study of all patients with MRSA-positive cultures from the total number of admissions to the Fundación Alcorcón University Hospital. RESULTS: Of 251 MRSA-positive cultures, the infection was community-acquired in 138 patients (55%) while 112 patients (44.6%) were from nursing homes. The mean age of the patients was 76 years, with men representing 56.2% (141) of the sample. The median length of hospital stay was 17 days. Positive cultures were isolated from sputum in 21.9% (55), from blood cultures in 19.5% (49), from other locations in 19.9% (50) and from pressure ulcers, surgical wounds or urine in 55.8% of the patients (140). The latter could be classified as healthcare-related infections. The total infection rate was 5.540 per hundred. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of infected patients with MRSA infection were colonized. The most frequent locations were pressure ulcers and surgical wounds and consequently the risk of spread can be related to healthcare. In infected patients, the length of hospital stay was 4-5 times longer than average. The rate of hospital-acquired infection tended to decrease, while that of community-acquired infection increased during the study period. Hygiene measures should be implemented, quality of care should be improved, and health resources should be optimized.
Asunto(s)
Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/epidemiología , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Objetivo. Conocer las características epidemiológicas de infección por Staphylococcus areus resistente a meticilina (SARM) y la evolución de su prevalencia en un hospital de tercer nivel de la Comunidad de Madrid. Método. Estudio descriptivo de los casos con cultivo positivo para SARM del total de los ingresos del Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón durante el período 2005-2007. Resultados. De los 251 casos con cultivo positivo para SARM estudiados, en 138 (55%) su adquisición fue comunitaria y 112 (44,6%) procedían de centros sociosanitarios. La mediana de edad de los casos fue de 76 años, los varones representan el 56,2% (141). La mediana de días de ingreso hospitalario fue de 17 días. Según localización de la infección, el 21,9% (55) estaba en esputo, el 19,5% (49) en hemocultivo, el 19,9% (50) en otras localizaciones, y el 55,8% (140) en herida quirúrgica, orina y úlcera por presión, susceptibles de catalogarse como infecciones asociadas a los cuidados sanitarios. La prevalencia de infección en el período de estudio fue del 5,540¿. Conclusiones. Más de la mitad de los casos que presentaron infección por SARM estaba colonizado. Las localizaciones más frecuentes de la infección fueron la úlcera por presión y la herida quirúrgica, por lo que el riesgo de diseminación se puede relacionar con cuidados. El ingreso se prolongó entre 4 y 5 veces la estancia media hospitalaria. La prevalencia de adquisición hospitalaria tiene una tendencia descendente mientras que la de adquisición comunitaria se incrementa a lo largo del período del estudio. Implementar las medidas de higiene, mejorará la calidad asistencial de los pacientes, y la optimización de los recursos sanitarios (AU)
Objective. To determine the epidemiological characteristics of infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and changes in its prevalence in a tertiary hospital in the autonomous community of Madrid. Method. Between 2005 and 2007, we carried out a descriptive study of all patients with MRSA-positive cultures from the total number of admissions to the Fundación Alcorcón University Hospital. Results. Of 251 MRSA-positive cultures, the infection was community-acquired in 138 patients (55%) while 112 patients (44.6%) were from nursing homes. The mean age of the patients was 76 years, with men representing 56.2% (141) of the sample. The median length of hospital stay was 17 days. Positive cultures were isolated from sputum in 21.9% (55), from blood cultures in 19.5% (49), from other locations in 19.9% (50) and from pressure ulcers, surgical wounds or urine in 55.8% of the patients (140). The latter could be classified as healthcare-related infections. The total infection rate was 5.540¿. Conclusions. More than half of infected patients with MRSA infection were colonized. The most frequent locations were pressure ulcers and surgical wounds and consequently the risk of spread can be related to healthcare. In infected patients, the length of hospital stay was 4-5 times longer than average. The rate of hospital-acquired infection tended to decrease, while that of community-acquired infection increased during the study period. Hygiene measures should be implemented, quality of care should be improved, and health resources should be optimized (AU)