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INTRODUCCIÓN: La niñez y adolescencia son las etapas de la vida donde generalmente se instauran hábitos alimentarios que se relacionan con el desarrollo defactores de riesgo cardiovascular. OBJETIVO: Clasificar el riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes escolarizados de Villavicencio (Colombia) y a su vez, estimar la asociación que tiene con la frecuencia de consumo de diferentes tipos de alimentos. METODOLOGÍA: Se trata de un estudio transversal analítico, desarrollado en 1.504 adolescentes escolarizados entre 13 a 17 años de Villavicencio, el riesgo cardiovascular fue evaluado de acuerdo al modelo propuesto por Rodríguez-Soriano y Sanjurjo, la frecuencia de alimentos se evaluó por medio de una encuesta estructurada para tal fin. Para estimar la relación entre el riesgo cardiovascular y la frecuencia de alimentos, se usaron modelos regresión binomial. RESULTADOS: La edad media de los participantes fue de 14,9 ± 0,07 años; el 61,9% eran mujeres, 80,6% provenían de colegios ubicados en la zona urbana. De acuerdo con la clasificación del riesgo cardiovascular, se encontró que el 34,5% de los adolescentes tenía riesgo cardiovascular alto, mientras que 25,4% tenían un riesgo intermedio. Los hombres, y los que consumían más de dos bebidas azucaradas al día eran aquellos que presentaron mayores cifras de alto riesgo cardiovascular (48,6% y 36,9% respectivamente). Los modelos de regresión mostraron que el consumo de más de una bebida azucaradas al día (RP 1,27 IC 95% 1,04-1,55) estaba asociado con niveles altos de riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes. CONCLUSIÓN: Se identificó una alta proporción de adolescentes con riesgo medio y alto; adicionalmente, el consumo de bebidas azucaradas mostró su asociación con el riesgo cardiovascular.

BACKGROUND: Childhood and adolescence are the life stages where eating habits related to the development of cardiovascular risk factors are usually established. OBJECTIVE: To classify cardiovascular risk in school adolescents from Villavicencio (Colombia) and, additionally, to estimate its association with food intake frequency according to food kind. METHODOLOGY: This is an analytical cross-sectional study developed in 1,504 adolescents of 13 to 17 years of age schooling in Villavicencio. We evaluated the cardiovascular risk according to the model proposed by Rodríguez-Soriano and Sanjurjo, and the food intake frequency with a structured survey. We used a binomial regression model to estimate the relationship between cardiovascular risk and food intake frequency. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 14.9 ± 0,07 years; 61.9% were women, and 80.6% came from schools located in urban areas. According to the cardiovascular risk classification, 34.5% of adolescents had a high cardiovascular risk, while 25.4% had intermediate risk. Men and those who consume more than two sugary drinks per day are those who presented a higher percentage of high cardiovascular risk (48.6% and 36.9%, respectively). Regression models showed that consumption of more than one sugary drink per day was associated with high levels of cardiovascular risk in adolescents (OR 1.27 95%CI 1.04-1.55). CONCLUSION: A high proportion of adolescents have medium and high cardiovascular risk; additionally, the consumption ofsugary drinks showed its association with cardiovascular risk.

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BACKGROUND: Childhood and adolescence are the life stages where eating habits related to the development of cardiovascular risk factors are usually established. OBJECTIVE: To classify cardiovascular risk in school adolescents from Villavicencio (Colombia) and, additionally, to estimate its association with food intake frequency according to food kind. METHODOLOGY: This is an analytical cross-sectional study developed in 1,504 adolescents of 13 to 17 years of age schooling in Villavicencio. We evaluated the cardiovascular risk according to the model proposed by Rodríguez-Soriano and Sanjurjo, and the food intake frequency with a structured survey. We used a binomial regression model to estimate the relationship between cardiovascular risk and food intake frequency. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 14.9 ± 0,07 years; 61.9% were women, and 80.6% came from schools located in urban areas. According to the cardiovascular risk classification, 34.5% of adolescents had a high cardiovascular risk, while 25.4% had intermediate risk. Men and those who consume more than two sugary drinks per day are those who presented a higher percentage of high cardiovascular risk (48.6% and 36.9%, respectively). Regression models showed that consumption of more than one sugary drink per day was associated with high levels of cardiovascular risk in adolescents (OR 1.27 95%CI 1.04-1.55). CONCLUSION: A high proportion of adolescents have medium and high cardiovascular risk; additionally, the consumption ofsugary drinks showed its association with cardiovascular risk.

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Being pregnant during COVID-19 increases the risk of experiencing severe COVID-19 symptoms, which in turn increases the risk of complications. This study aimed to examine COVID-19-related beliefs, behaviors, and birth outcomes among users of Count the Kicks (CTK), a fetal movement tracking app. This study used the End of Pregnancy Survey data from 1037 CTK users. We used descriptive analyses to analyze COVID-19-related beliefs and behaviors and used the chi-square statistic and Z statistic to examine factors associated with vaccination and birth outcome. Nearly half of the survey respondents reported not being concerned that in-person prenatal visits might lead to COVID-19 exposure. Most respondents (65.9%) had already received the COVID-19 vaccine at the time of the survey. The vaccination rate was statistically significantly lower among African Americans than the remaining race/ethnicity groups (mostly white). The healthy birth rate is lower among respondents with high-risk pregnancies, while the stillbirth rate is highest among Hispanics. Vaccination status was not associated with the likelihood of a healthy birth. Our findings confirmed that vaccination does not compromise birth outcomes, further contributing to the existing evidence of COVID vaccine safety during pregnancy. This study also demonstrates an example of using data from a pregnancy app to facilitate research on app users in real-time.

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PurposeWe aimed to assess the effect of hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and oxygenation index on COVID-19 patients mortality risk. Patients and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes from patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Bogota, Colombia. We assessed exploratory associations between oxygenation index and Hb concentration at admission and clinical outcomes. We used a generalized additive model (GAM) to evaluate the nonlinear relations observed and the classification and regression trees (CART) algorithm to assess the interaction effects found. ResultsFrom March to July 2020, 643 patients were admitted, of which 52% were male. The median age was 60 years old, and the most frequent comorbidity was hypertension (35.76%). The median value of SpO2/FiO2 was 419, and the median Hb concentration was 14.8 g/dL. The mortality was 19.1% (123 patients). Age, sex, and history of hypertension were independently associated with mortality. We described a nonlinear relationship between SpO2/FiO2, Hb concentration and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with mortality and an interaction effect between SpO2/FiO2 and Hb concentration. Patients with a similar oxygenation index had different mortality likelihoods based upon their Hb at admission. CART showed that patients with SpO2/FiO2 < 324, who were older than 62 years, and had an Hb of [≥] 16 g/dl had the highest mortality risk (96%). Additionally, patients with SpO2/FiO2 > 324 but Hb of < 12 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of > 4 had a higher mortality likelihood (57%). In contrast, patients with SpO2/FiO2 > 324 and Hb of > 12 g/dl had the lowest mortality risk (10%). ConclusionWe found that a decreased SpO2/FiO2 increased mortality risk. Extreme values of Hb, either low or high, showed an increase in likelihood of mortality. However, Hb concentration modified the SpO2/FiO2 effect on mortality; the likelihood of death in patients with low SpO2/FiO2 increased as Hb increased.

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The co-occurrence of depression and chronic diseases is often under-recognized, under-treated, and under-studied. Among Latinos, complex structural and cultural barriers exist which complicate the translation of chronic disease self-management programs (CDSMP) for this population. To better understand those barriers and deliver a CDSMP designed to best meet local needs, a community-based, mixed methods study was designed. Formative research was conducted through focus groups with Latinos with chronic illness and minor depression (ICD) and family members to obtain insight into perceived needs and interviews with stakeholders to assess barriers and facilitators to the adoption of CDSMPs. Analytic Hierarchy Process was employed to determine core elements of a CDSMP for ICDs, family members, and the promotores who deliver these programs. Findings guided the transcreation of a CDSMP. This study offers a promising model for enhancing the effects of evidence-based interventions and emphasizes the importance of meeting differing needs within the local population.

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