RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: People with substance use disorder (SUD) face challenges like stigma and discrimination, impacting their healthcare experiences. AIM: This study aims to: (i) assess physicians' clinical practices and stigma toward SUD patients among healthcare personnel and (ii) explore the relationship among stigma, psychological well-being, and burnout. METHODS: A survey covering sociodemographic data, physicians' clinical practices, stigmatizing attitudes, psychological well-being, and burnout was completed by 1,796 employees of the Veneto's Local Health Units (Italy). RESULTS: Healthcare professionals reported increased stigma towards SUDs (p-values<0.05). Stigma consistently correlated with variables such as sex, profession, department, and levels of burnout (p-values<0.05). Notably, high burnout levels were associated with increased stigma. Staff in addiction departments displayed lower stigma levels compared to other departments. No significant differences were found in physicians' clinical practices. CONCLUSIONS: Targeted training for healthcare professionals is crucial to reduce stigma, enhance attitudes toward SUDs, and broaden overall knowledge of the condition.
Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Agotamiento Profesional , Personal de Salud , Estigma Social , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias , Humanos , Italia , Masculino , Femenino , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/psicología , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/epidemiología , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Personal de Salud/psicología , Agotamiento Profesional/epidemiología , Agotamiento Profesional/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Médicos/psicologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Many psychopathologies, including addictions, are characterized by inhibitory control deficits. In this regard, recent studies on substance-related disorders (SRD) have shown an impairment in the ability to inhibit potentially interfering memories, despite preserved motor inhibition. To investigate whether the same dissociation could also characterize gambling disorder (GD) in a transdiagnostic perspective, we tested both cognitive and motor inhibitory processes through dedicated tasks, for the first time in this behavioral addiction. METHODS: 30 outpatients with GD and 30 healthy controls performed a go/no-go task addressing the integrity of motor inhibition, and the Retrieval Practice Paradigm, a task addressing the integrity of memory inhibition as indexed by the Retrieval-Induced Forgetting (RIF) effect. Self-report questionnaires assessing impulsivity were also administered. RESULTS: Whereas RIF was similar across the two groups, patients showed more commission errors in the go/no-go task, and higher self-rated scores of impulsivity than controls. DISCUSSION: The present findings suggest preserved memory inhibition and impaired motor response inhibition in GD, a pattern of inhibitory deficits opposite to that previously reported for SRD. Therefore, although both GD and SRD are characterized by altered inhibitory processing, a more fine-grained analysis revealed a specific inhibitory profile indicating vulnerability in different inhibitory components. CONCLUSION: The present study highlights the need to investigate the multifaceted construct of inhibition more thoroughly, using performance measures able to assess its various components. This approach would enable to both better characterize different psychopathologies and orient their treatment.