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Objective: In patients with non-small cell lung cancer, lymph node assessment is essential for appropriate staging. The intrapulmonary lymph nodes (IPLNs) should be considered when assigning the N stage but are infrequently evaluated in Colombian centers, resulting in understaging that may hinder optimal treatment. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of IPLN dissection in patients with clinical stage I or II non-small cell lung cancer who underwent surgical resection at 9 institutions in Colombia between 2021 and 2023. IPLN dissection was performed by trained surgeons who collected lymph nodes from fresh specimens after resection and before formalin fixation. Results: One hundred patients were eligible for the analysis. Their mean age was 67 ± 10.9 years, and 76% were women. Most (74%) had adenocarcinoma, 20% had neuroendocrine tumors, and 6% had squamous cell carcinoma. Successful sampling and histopathologic analysis of at least one IPLN station was obtained in 85% of patients, 9% had upstaging due to positive N2 lymph nodes, and 5% had upstaging due to positive N1 lymph nodes. Among the patients with pN0 or pN1 disease, 3.2% (3 out of 91) were upstaged exclusively due to positive IPLNs. Conclusions: Fresh-specimen dissection to collect IPLNs is appropriate and feasible to achieve more accurate pathological staging in Colombian lung cancer patients. In clinical N0 patients, IPLN dissection maximizes selection for adjuvant therapy.

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Resumen Objetivos: Los tumores del timo tienen incidencia global de 0,13 por 100.000 habitantes, pero representan un importante porcentaje de tumores del mediastino. Hay poca literatura basada en nuestra población, por esto, hacemos un aporte de nuestra experiencia en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC). Métodos: Se hizo un estudio tipo series de caso, revisando las historias clínicas de los pacientes con tumores del timo tratados en el INC entre 2006 y 2017. Resultados: Desde el 2006 al 2017 se encontraron 31 pacientes con tumores del timo tales como timoma, hiperplasia tímica, quistes tímicos y carcinomas tímicos, predominando en el género femenino y con una mediana de 62 años de edad. 2 pacientes presentaron miastenia gravis (MG). 27 fueron sometidos a timectomía por medio de esternotomía, videotoracoscopia, toracotomía, entre otros, obteniendo una supervivencia global mayor al 90% a 5 años de seguimiento. Los estadios de Masaoka I, II y III tienen mejor pronóstico que los tipos IV independientemente de la histología. Conclusiones: La timectomía es el tratamiento de primera línea en los casos resecables, incluso en los que existe compromiso de estructuras vecinas que permiten una resección quirúrgica completa. Los resultados presentados describen conductas y resultados similares a los encontrados en la literatura mundial.

Abstract Objectives: Thymic tumors have an overall incidence of 0.13 per 100,000 inhabitants, but they represent a significant percentage of mediastinal tumors. There is little literature based on our population, we make a contribution of our experience in the National Cancer Institute. Methods: We did a case series study, reviewing the clinical histories of patients with thymic tumors treated at the National Cancer Institute from 2006 to 2017. Results: From 2006 to 2017, 31 patients with thymic tumors such as thymoma, thymic hyperplasia, thymic cysts and thymic carcinomas were found, mainly in the female gender and with a median of 62 years of age. 2 patients presented Myasthenia Gravis (MG). 27 patients underwent thymectomy through sternotomy, video-thoracoscopy, thoracostomy among others, obtaining an overall survival greater than 90% at 5 years of follow-up. The stages of Masaoka I, II and III have a better prognosis than type IV regardless of the histological type. Conclusions: Thymectomy is the first-line treatment in resectable cases, even when there is a compromise of nearby structures that allow a complete surgical resection. Our results describe behaviors and results similar to those found in the world literature.

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El síndrome de opérculo torácico se debe a la compresión de los vasos subclavios y/o plexo braquial. Puede ser de tipo neurológico (95%), venoso (< 4%) y arterial (1%). Se conoce como síndrome de Paget-Schroetter al síndrome de opérculo torácico que se asocia a trombosis de la vena subclavia, más común en la extremidad superior dominante y en pacientes jóvenes. El tratamiento de elección para el síndrome de Paget-Schroetter consiste en la trombólisis de la vena subclavia y en la resección de la primera costilla de forma temprana para descomprimir el paquete neurovascular subclavio, disminuyendo el riesgo de retrombosis o síntomas recurrentes. En este artículo describimos dos casos de tratamiento para el síndrome de Paget-Schroetter con resección por cirugía toracoscópica video asistida de la primera costilla y realizamos una revisión de la literatura al respecto

The thoracic outlet compression is due to the compression of the subclavian vessels and / or brachial plexus, which can be neurological (95%), venous (< 4%) and arterial (1%). Paget-Schroetter syndrome is when thoracic outlet compression is associated with subclavian vein thrombosis, being more common in the dominant upper limb and in young patients. The treatment of choice for Paget-Schroetter syndrome consists of thrombolysis of the subclavian vein and resection of the first rib early, to decompress the subclavian neurovascular bundle, decreasing the risk of rethrombosis or recurrent symptoms. In this article, we describe 2 cases of treatment for Paget-Schroetter syndrome with video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery resection of the first rib, carrying out a review of the literature in this regard

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