RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate stromal demarcation lines following corneal cross-linking (CXL) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography in patients with keratoconus and nonkeratoconic asymmetric topography. METHODS: Fifth-nine eyes of 59 patients were enrolled in a retrospective comparative case series, of which 19 eyes had keratoconus and 40 eyes had asymmetric topography. Eyes with asymmetric topography were treated in preparation for photorefractive keratectomy. One month after CXL, a stromal demarcation line was evaluated at 5 standardized corneal points using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: Mean stromal demarcation line depths were measured at 5 points on the cornea, namely, centrally, 3.0 mm temporally, 1.5 mm temporally, 3.0 mm nasally, and 1.5 mm nasally. For the keratoconus group, the values were 178 ± 47, 123 ± 15, 152 ± 47, 125 ± 23, and 160 ± 43 µm, respectively. For the asymmetric corneal topography group (without keratoconus), they were 305 ± 64, 235 ± 57, 294 ± 50, 214 ± 54, and 285 ± 58 µm, respectively. There was no correlation between central corneal pachymetry and stromal demarcation line depth in all 5 measured corneal points in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: CXL treatment profiles are similar in keratoconic and nonkeratoconic eyes with asymmetric topography.
Asunto(s)
Sustancia Propia/patología , Queratocono/tratamiento farmacológico , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Colágeno/metabolismo , Paquimetría Corneal , Sustancia Propia/metabolismo , Topografía de la Córnea , Reactivos de Enlaces Cruzados , Femenino , Humanos , Queratocono/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Queratectomía Fotorrefractiva , Estudios Retrospectivos , Riboflavina/uso terapéutico , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Rayos Ultravioleta , Agudeza Visual , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To ascertain if the polymerization reaction also contributes additionally to the antibacterial effects of two commonly used cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fresh liquid ethyl-cyanoacrylate (EC) and N-butyl-cyanoacrylate (BC) adhesives were applied onto 6-mm sterile filter paper discs. In the first group, the adhesive-soaked discs were immediately placed onto confluent monolayer cultures of bacteria, allowing the polymerization reaction to proceed while in culture. In the second group, the adhesive-soaked disc was allowed to first polymerize prior to being placed onto the bacterial cultures. Four types of bacteria were studied: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Immediately after the discs were applied, the cultures were incubated at 35 degrees C for 24 h. Bacterial inhibitory halos were measured in the cultures at the end of the incubation period. RESULTS: For EC, exposure of the bacteria to the cyanoacrylate polymerization reaction increased the bacterial inhibitory halos in Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. For BC, it increased the bacterial inhibitory halos in Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. No inhibitory halos were observed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The bactericidal effect was higher in actively polymerizing EC, compared to previously polymerized EC in Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli; however, no such differences were observed for BC. CONCLUSIONS: The polymerization reaction may also be an important factor in the antibacterial properties of EC and BC.
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Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones Bacterianas/prevención & control , Cianoacrilatos/farmacología , Enbucrilato/farmacología , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Adhesivos Tisulares/farmacología , Bacterias/crecimiento & desarrollo , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Humanos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/microbiologíaRESUMEN
We report 3 cases of blunt trauma causing rupture of the anterior lens capsule with cataract formation. The injuries were caused by a paintball gun, a ball-bearing air pistol, and an aluminum rivet. In all 3 cases, the anterior capsule tears were central and the posterior capsules and zonules intact; uneventful cataract extraction with implantation of an intraocular lens was performed. The postoperative visual acuities was 20/40 in 1 case and 20/20 in the other 2 cases. We propose that the anterior lens capsule may have been torn by direct contusion from rapid focal indentation of the cornea onto the lens (coup injury) or by a fluid-mechanical, anteriorly directed rebound of the vitreous, bursting open the anterior capsule (contrecoup injury).
Asunto(s)
Extracción de Catarata , Catarata/etiología , Lesiones Oculares/complicaciones , Cápsula del Cristalino/lesiones , Heridas no Penetrantes/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Cámara Anterior/metabolismo , Humanos , Presión Intraocular , Corteza del Cristalino/metabolismo , Implantación de Lentes Intraoculares , Masculino , Rotura , Agudeza VisualRESUMEN
We report 2 patients who developed delayed-onset isolated central Descemet membrane (DM) blister-like detachment following phacoemulsification. The detachments were not associated with a DM tear or inadvertent injection of fluid under DM, and no fluid tracks from the periphery were present. When the detachments failed to resolve spontaneously over several months, intracameral air or C(3)F(8) gas was injected. In 1 patient, a therapeutic paracentral puncture in DM was also performed to facilitate escape of the entrapped fluid. Although a small residual detachment (confirmed by optical coherence tomography) remained in both cases, the visual acuity improved to 20/25 in 1 patient and 20/30 in the other. We think these unique focal detachments in DM may be associated with an underlying preexisting weakness in the DM attachment to the stroma.