RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Angiogenesis, formation of a new blood vessel from the existing vascular network, is essential for tumor growth, progression and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified to be one of the most important factors of angiogenesis. VEGF-C, a novel member of the family, is a relatively specific lymphangiogenic growth factor. It is tempting to suggest that cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies in a woman's life. Its prognostic factors are tumor stage, lymph node status, histologic type, level of hemoglobin. However, little is known about prognostic or/and predictive significance of angiogenesis in cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE: This prospective study is an attempt to evaluate serum VEGF-A, VEGF-C, microvessel density (MVD), and lymphatic vessel density (LMVD) in cervical cancer and the correlations with clinicopathologic features. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 58 patients affected by FIGO I-IV stage cervical cancer, who were admitted to the Department of Oncology and Brachytherapy Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz of Nicolaus Copernicus University. Serum VEGF-A/VEGF-C concentrate was determined by means of a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). All tumor samples were taken from cross section during the first brachytherapy. Then they were examined by immunohistochemical studies with podoplanin antibody and anti-CD31 antibody. The present analysis was used to evaluate MVD and LMVD. RESULTS: The median serum VEGF-A was 734.76 pg/ml (range from 86.39 pg/ml - 2200.00 pg/ml), and VEGF-A was only correlated with after treatment hemoglobin concentration (p = 0.046, R = -0.3450). The median serum VEGF-C was 145.72 pg/ml (range 131.08 - 233.60 pg/ml). Serum VEGF-C levels measured in patients were associated with primary tumor size. We observed significantly higher serum VEGF-C in localized disease (FIGO I, II) in comparison to advanced tumors (232.44 pg/ml vs 152.45 pg/ml; p = 0.034). The median LMVD was 6.25 (range 3.5-10.0) and median blood vessel density was 12.5 (range 9.5-23.0). We found significantly higher lymphatic vessel density in patients with Gl/G2 grade of differentiation than in those with G3 (9.93 vs 6.25; p = 0.0398). We observed a statistically significant correlation between MVD and LMVD; (p = 0.032). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our study suggests that serum VEGF-A, VEGF-C, LMVD and MVD play an important role in tumor growth and progression in cervical cancer. Nonetheless, further studies are essential to explore the underlying mechanism.
Asunto(s)
Linfangiogénesis , Neovascularización Fisiológica , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/irrigación sanguínea , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/radioterapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Vasos Linfáticos/química , Microvasos/química , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/mortalidad , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patología , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/sangre , Factor C de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/sangreRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Endoglin is a proliferation-associated antigen on endothelial cells and essential for angiogenesis. Soluble endoglin (sendoglin), formed by proteolytic cleavage of ectodomain of membrane receptor could be an indicator of tumoractivated endothelium. The aim of present study was to analyze changes of sendoglin level in plasma of lung cancer patients following surgical resection and to estimate the correlation of sendoglin with other soluble receptors, sTie2 and sVEGF R1. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 37 patients with stage I of non-small cell lung cancer. Plasma concentrations of sendoglin, sTie2 and sVEGF R1 were evaluated by ELISA, three times: before surgical resection and on postoperative day 7 and 30. RESULTS: The median of sendoglin concentration decreased significantly on postoperative day 7 when compared with preoperative level and next increased on 30(th) day and it was comparable with that before surgery. s-Endoglin correlated with another soluble receptors, with sTie2 both before surgery (r=0.44) and on postoperative day 7 (r=0.52) and on 30(th) day (r=0.58), with sVEGF R1 - only on postoperative day 7 (r=0.75). CONCLUSION: The increased level of serum endoglin in lung cancer patients compared to controls and its changes after surgical treatment suggest potential application of soluble form of endoglin as potential tumor marker.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos CD/sangre , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/sangre , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/cirugía , Neoplasias Pulmonares/sangre , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirugía , Receptores de Superficie Celular/sangre , Endoglina , Humanos , Receptor TIE-2/sangre , Factores de Tiempo , Receptor 1 de Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/sangreRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: Angiogenesis is important in the promotion and progression of malignancy. The formation of new blood vessels is coordinated by many factors, angiopoietins among others. Overexpression of angiopoietins has been observed in various tumors. The aim of the study was to evaluate plasma concentration of Ang-1, Ang-2 and Tie-2 in cervical cancer. METHODS: The study group consisted of 34 patients with cervical cancer and the control group of 20 healthy volunteers. Plasma concentrations of Ang-1, Ang-2 and Tie-2 were evaluated by ELISA. RESULTS: Plasma concentrations of Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-2 and Ang-1/Ang-2 ratios were significantly higher in cervical cancer patients than in controls. Although there was no correlation between concentration of Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-2 and clinical stage (FIGO), the Ang-1/Ang-2 ratio was higher in Stage I than in II-III. Ang-1 correlated positively with Ang-2 and Tie-2 in a subgroup with Stage II-III and Ang-2 with Tie-2 in a subgroup with Stage I. CONCLUSION: Plasma concentrations of Ang- 1, Ang-2 and Tie-2 may be useful additional tumor markers in cervical cancer.
Asunto(s)
Angiopoyetina 1/sangre , Angiopoyetina 2/sangre , Receptor TIE-2/sangre , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/diagnósticoRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: The aim of the study was to determine the activity of cathepsin D (CTSD) and alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) in the blood serum of women with cervical carcinoma treated with different modes of therapy. METHODS: The study was conducted on 68 women suffering from carcinoma of the uterine cervix, that were irradiated intracavitarily by a Selectron LDR brachytherapy unit. Additionally, all patients were treated with different therapy methods according to clinical stage. RESULTS: In women with cervical cancer, CTSD activity was higher while AAT activity was lower both before and after brachytherapy sessions as compared to controls. Six months after the end of therapy, the activity of CTSD and AAT reverted back to the values characteristic for healthy women. CONCLUSION: The estimation of cathepsin D and alpha-1-antitrypsin activity during the course of cervical cancer management may be useful in early detection of potential recurrence and/or widespread metastasis formation.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Catepsina D/sangre , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/sangre , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/terapia , alfa 1-Antitripsina/sangre , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Braquiterapia , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Radioterapia Adyuvante , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/sangreRESUMEN
Selenium, as a component of few antioxidant enzymes, participates indirectly in elimination of reactive oxygen species and in antioxidative defense of the organism. There is a correlation between the concentration of selenium, activity of glutathione peroxidases (GSH-Px), and other parameters of antioxidative defense in blood components. The above mentioned factors were suggested to play an important role in etiopathogenesis of neoplastic diseases. Therefore, the aim of our present study was to compare the selenium status and GSH-Px activity in the plasma of 22 healthy women, 50 individuals suffering from cancer of uterine cervix, uterine corpus or ovary, and 49 women diagnosed with benign neoplasia of the uterine corpus or ovary. In addition, the selenium concentration was measured in postoperative cancer tissues, benign tumors, and histopatologically healthy surgical margins of the aforementioned patients. An average selenium concentration and GSH-Px activity in blood plasma of cancer patients and benign neoplasia patients was significantly lower than in the plasma of healthy women. It suggests that lower overall selenium status and lower selenium-dependent antioxidative capacity of the organism might partly contribute to development of neoplastic diseases of reproductive system. Postoperative tissues of patients revealed significantly higher selenium concentrations in cancer tissues of uterine cervix and corpus, and benign tumors of uterine corpus, as compared to corresponding healthy tissue margins. Higher accumulation of selenium in these neoplastic tissues might reflect a compensatory up-regulation of antioxidant defense systems in tumors that often undergo a persistent oxidative stress.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/farmacología , Neoplasias de los Genitales Femeninos/fisiopatología , Selenio/farmacología , Adulto , Femenino , Neoplasias de los Genitales Femeninos/sangre , Neoplasias de los Genitales Femeninos/patología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Valores de ReferenciaRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of different types of management on the activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in women with cervical carcinoma. METHODS: The patients were divided into three groups according to the mode of treatment. Patients from the first group were treated brachytherapy prior to surgery. The second group received teletherapy before brachytherapy and additionally chemotherapy. The third group was treated with teletherapy after brachytherapy sessions. RESULTS: CAT activity was higher while GPx activity was lower before and during therapy in all groups as compared to controls. Six months after the end of therapy, the activity of studied enzymes reached the values characteristic of healthy women. No significant differences in enzyme activity among the three groups were revealed. CONCLUSION: Normalization of CAT and GPx activity may prove the efficacy of applied therapy in cervical cancer patients, however enzyme activity recovery was not dependent on treatment mode.
Asunto(s)
Catalasa/sangre , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/sangre , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/enzimología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/radioterapia , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/cirugíaRESUMEN
Cathepsins play an important role in the pathogenesis of the great number of cancer diseases i.e. in breast, head and neck, liver, pancreas, colon and skin cancer. Estimation of cathepsins activity referring to different kinds of cancer diseases has a significance both in diagnostics and in monitoring of their running. An essential role in cancer disease development is also reported for cathepsins B and D inhibitors. Using drugs that are able to inhibit the harmful activity of cathepsins, would give a chance to supplement an anti-cancer therapy with the new agents. In future, it could increase the efficiency of cancer treatment in a significant way.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Catepsinas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Catepsinas/metabolismo , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/metabolismo , HumanosRESUMEN
The lysosomal proteases play an important role in the cells nourishment, immunogenesis, development of the arteriosclerosis perturbations in blood vessel cells and in the pathogenesis of degeneration diseases, cancer diseases and in the great number of others. For the many cancer disease durations, an increased activity of the lysosomal enzymes both in blood serum and in tumor tissues was revealed. Over the past few years a particular attention have been paid to the fact that the high activity of some lysosomal enzymes i.e. cathepsin B and D is connected with the increased cancer invasiveness. The results of preliminary clinical research point to great diagnostic value of cathepsin B and D in breast cancer detection.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Catepsina B/metabolismo , Catepsina D/metabolismo , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/enzimología , Animales , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/enzimología , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Invasividad NeoplásicaRESUMEN
A retrospective analysis of 23 patients with tracheal malignancy treated with a radiation therapy alone is reported. All patients were irradiated at Bydgoszcz Cancer Center during the period 1990-1996. To overcome serious damage to normal tissues, a dose escalation combination of external beam irradiation and brachytherapy was used in most cases. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type and was seen in 13 cases. Adenoid cystic carcinoma occurred in seven, adenocarcinoma in two and carcinoid in one patient. Eight patients were treated with definitive and 15 with palliative intent. Local control was attained in 8 of 23 patients and was more frequent for patients from curative group treated with doses greater than 60 Gy. The mean survival for all patients was 9.5 months, and 26 and 7.2 months for definitive and palliative group, respectively. Survival was strongly correlated to histologic type and response to radiotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/radioterapia , Neoplasias de la Tráquea/radioterapia , Adulto , Anciano , Braquiterapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidad , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Cuidados Paliativos , Dosis de Radiación , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de Supervivencia , Neoplasias de la Tráquea/mortalidad , Neoplasias de la Tráquea/cirugíaRESUMEN
This is a retrospective analysis of 25 patients with recurrent carcinoma of the vulva treated by radiation therapy at Bydgoszcz Regional Cancer Center between 1980-95 years. Tumour complete regression were observed in 16 cases. Nine patients were alive without evidence of the disease with a follow-up from 20 to 76 months; median 35.2 months. The results showed that important prognostic significance had: the pattern of recurrence, time interval to relapse and size of recurrent tumour. Also, it seems that results of treatment strongly depends on the total dose of radiation used in the treatment.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/radioterapia , Neoplasias de la Vulva/radioterapia , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
This report consists of a retrospective analysis of 33 patients with carcinoma of the vulva treated with radiation therapy alone at Bydgoszcz Regional Cancer Center between 1986-1996. Patients were divided into two subgroups, group I (N = 25) treated with curative intent and group II (N = 8) treated with palliative intent. Five year actuarial overall and disease free survival for patients treated in definitively manner was 36.0% and 28.0% respectively. The overall local control rate was 48.5% or 16/33 patients. There was a suggestion that better local control was obtained in patients who received gross tumour radiation dose with interstitial brachytherapy and external beam irradiation.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma/radioterapia , Neoplasias de la Vulva/radioterapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Braquiterapia/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
This aim of this study was to measure the typical free radical-induced products of DNA bases in cellular DNA of cervical cancer tissues directly irradiated by applying brachytherapy to the patients. Significant increases in the amounts of modified bases over the control level were observed in the samples isolated after irradiation for all patients. These increases differed among patients and among products. The repair capacity and/or the amount of hypoxic cells inside the tumor may account for the different levels of modified bases. It is possible that the observed variabilities may account for the differences in clinical responses to brachytherapy.
Asunto(s)
Braquiterapia/efectos adversos , Daño del ADN , ADN de Neoplasias/efectos de la radiación , Adenina/análogos & derivados , Adenina/química , Adenina/metabolismo , Adenina/efectos de la radiación , Citosina/análogos & derivados , Citosina/química , Citosina/metabolismo , Citosina/efectos de la radiación , ADN de Neoplasias/química , ADN de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Femenino , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Guanina/análogos & derivados , Guanina/química , Guanina/metabolismo , Guanina/efectos de la radiación , Humanos , Oxidación-Reducción , Pirimidinas/química , Pirimidinas/metabolismo , Pirimidinas/efectos de la radiación , Uracilo/análogos & derivados , Uracilo/química , Uracilo/metabolismo , Uracilo/efectos de la radiación , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/genética , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/radioterapiaRESUMEN
The study reviews experience with the treatment of advanced renal cell cancer at Bydgoszcz Regional Cancer Center within a 10-year period from 1985 to 1996. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the value of postoperative radiotherapy. The medical records of 186 patients with locally advanced renal cell cancer were reviewed retrospectively. Postoperative radiation therapy with a median dose of 50.0 Gy/t was given in 114 patients. The overall and disease-free survival, the pattern of recurrences, time interval to recurrence were assessed. For all patients, the 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 36.2% and 30.5%, respectively. Non significant difference was observed in terms of 5-year overall and disease-free survival between the group of patients with postoperative radiotherapy and without, 37.9%/29.5% vs. 35.5%/31.3%, respectively. A total of 29 patients (15.6%) developed local recurrences. Local failure by stage was as follows: T3N0 without postoperative radiation therapy--15.8%, with irradiation--8.8%; T3N(+) without radiation therapy--33.3%, with irradiation--33.3%; T4N0 without radiation therapy--33.3%, with irradiation--33.3%, T4N(+) without radiation therapy--33.3%, with irradiation--25.0%. 73 patients (39.3%) had distant metastases as a first symptom of renal cell cancer relapse. The median time to relapse for local recurrence or distant metastases were approximately two times longer in patients with adjuvant radiotherapy compared to those without, 27.0/21.0 months vs. 16.0/12.5 months, respectively. In our opinion postoperative radiotherapy reduces the probability of local recurrences in selected patients, mainly with pathologic stage T3N0, but its impact on survival is minimal.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Renales/radioterapia , Neoplasias Renales/radioterapia , Adulto , Anciano , Carcinoma de Células Renales/mortalidad , Carcinoma de Células Renales/cirugía , Terapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Renales/mortalidad , Neoplasias Renales/cirugía , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
In the period from 1980 to 1990 491 women operated for the cancer of the body of the uterus (stage I, II, III) underwent radiotherapy in the Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and in Regional Oncological Centre in Bydgoszcz. The patients were at the age from 34 to 78. In the paper the patients' clinical condition was described and assessed according to FIGO/1972 and FIGO/1988 classifications the stages of progression of neoplasms were compared. The distant results of treatment depending on neoplasm's stage, histological type and the method of postoperative radiotherapy were presented.
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Neoplasias Endometriales/mortalidad , Adulto , Anciano , Neoplasias Endometriales/patología , Neoplasias Endometriales/radioterapia , Neoplasias Endometriales/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Selección de Paciente , Radioterapia Adyuvante , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
The prevalence of malignant neoplasms of the body of the uterus in women from Bydgoszcz province in the period 1980-1993, considering particularly the years 1990-1993 was presented. The performed epidemiologic investigations show the increase of incidence of this group of neoplastic diseases and the decrease of mortality.
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Neoplasias Endometriales/epidemiología , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polonia/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
Results of treatment of 10 patients with local-regionally advanced vulvar cancer are described. Loco-regional control of tumor was achieved in 6 patients. These patients remain disease-free with follow-up from 18 till 36 months. The procedure was well tolerated with low serious toxicity rate.
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Braquiterapia/métodos , Radioterapia/métodos , Neoplasias de la Vulva/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Palliative treatment by intracavitary irradiation alone has been used in 15 patients with advanced carcinoma of the esophagus. Most of them had already failed other palliative modalities including external irradiation, chemoradiotherapy, laserotherapy and dilatation. Intracavitary irradiation was carried out with a microSelectron HDR afterloading device and usually 22.5 Gy was given in three fractions repeated weekly. Up to three month after treatment, complete endoscopic regression was seen in 1 patient, partial endoscopic regression in 8 patients, no response in one and progressive disease in 5 patients. The median survival time is 6.2 months. There were not severe complications. We conclude that high dose rate intracavitary irradiation is a useful palliative modality in patients with advanced or recurrent esophageal cancer.
Asunto(s)
Braquiterapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/radioterapia , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Remote afterloading high-dose-rate brachytherapy was used for the treatment in 38 patients with non-small cell lung cancer local failure after previous teleradiotherapy. The high dose unit we used is called microSelectron HDR. A dose of 18 Gy or 22.5 Gy was delivered in three fractions repeated weekly. Before treatment, symptomatic occlusions were seen in all patients. After treatment palliative improvement was seen in 30 patients (78.9%). The average follow up time was 7.2 months and range from 3 to 17. Median response time was 6.8 months. 12 patients died meanwhile. The procedure has been well tolerated with low toxicity. We conclude that palliative endobronchial high dose rate brachytherapy is a useful palliative modality in patients with recurrent endobronchial symptomatic carcinoma.
Asunto(s)
Braquiterapia , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia , Cuidados Paliativos , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Insuficiencia del TratamientoRESUMEN
The value of cathepsin B activity determination for evaluation of the extent of disease was investigated in 98 patients with the cervix uteri carcinoma and 25 women with cervix uteri dysplasia. The measurements were performed before treatment. Cathepsin B activity was estimated in serum using Z-Phe-Arg-NMec, and in tumor tissue using Z-Arg-Arg-pNA . HCl as substrates. The mean activity of the enzyme increased both in serum and tumor tissue with progression of neoplastic disease and was dependent on the clinical stage of cervical carcinoma. It should be stressed, however, that among the patients with the clinically observed early stage of the disease, higher cathepsin B activity was observed in those in whom metastases to pelvic lymph nodes were detected than in those in whom the disease was limited to cervix uteri.
Asunto(s)
Catepsina B/sangre , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/enzimología , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/sangreRESUMEN
Three patients with primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the uterine cervix are described. The results of their treatment and a review of the international literature would support the statement that more patients with localized primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the uterine cervix can be cured with radiotherapy, or with a combination of chemotherapy and irradiation.