RESUMEN
Antioxidant supplementation has become a common practice among athletes to boost sport achievement. Likewise, melatonin (MEL) has been ingested as an ergogenic aid to improve physical performance. To date, no study has checked whether the multiple beneficial effects of MEL have an outcome during a maximum running exercise until exhaustion. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of MEL ingestion on physical performance and biochemical responses (i.e., oxidative stress) during exhaustive exercise. In a double blind randomized study, thirteen professional soccer players [age: 17.5 ± 0.8 years, body mass: 70.3 ± 3.9 kg, body height: 1.80 ± 0.08 m; maximal aerobic speed (MAS): 16.85 ± 0.63 km/h; mean ± standard deviation], members of a first league squad, performed a running exercise until exhaustion at 100% of MAS, after either MEL or placebo ingestion. Physical performance was assessed, and blood samples were obtained at rest and following the exercise. Compared to placebo, MEL intake prevented the increase in oxidative stress markers (i.e., malondialdehyde), alleviated the alteration of antioxidant status (i.e., glutathione peroxidase, uric acid and total bilirubin) and decreased post-exercise biomarkers of muscle damage (i.e., creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase) (p < 0.05). However, physical performance was not affected by MEL ingestion (p > 0.05). In conclusion, acute MEL intake before a maximal running exercise protected athletes from oxidative stress and cellular damage but without an effect on physical performance.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Methotrexate (MTX) is a key component of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy, but it is associated with serious toxicities in a considerable number of patients. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to determine which variables were associated with MTX toxicity in children, adolescents and young adults with ALL. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this prospective study, 35 patients with newly diagnosed ALL, treated according to the 58951 European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer - Children's Leukemia Group (EORTC-CLG) protocol, were prospectively enrolled. Toxicity data was collected objectively after each high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) course. The risk factors of MTX toxicity were determined using multiple linear regression analysis, with age, gender, immunophenotype, risk group, plasma MTX levels, plasma homocysteine (HCY) levels, and MTHFR C677T included as independent variables. RESULTS: Twenty-five (71.4%) patients experienced toxicity on at least 1 course of HD-MTX. In the univariate linear regression, the global toxicity score was associated with a significant rise in plasma HCY concentrations within 48 h after MTX administration (ß = 0.4; R2 = 0.12; p = 0.02). In the multiple regression model, the global toxicity score was significantly associated with a higher MTX plasma levels at 48 h (ß = 0.5; R2 = 0.38; p = 0.001) and CT 677 MTHFR genotype (ß = 0.3; R2 = 0.38; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Routine monitoring of plasma MTX concentrations is essential to detect patients at a high risk of MTX toxicity. MTHFR C677T genotyping may be useful for predicting MTX toxicity.
Asunto(s)
Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Metotrexato/efectos adversos , Metilenotetrahidrofolato Reductasa (NADPH2)/genética , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/sangre , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Metotrexato/sangre , Metotrexato/farmacocinética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To validate a simplified vancomycin monitoring algorithm in patients on chronic hemodialysis who required intravenous vancomycin for at least 3 weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, all hemodialysis patients who were admitted between April 1, 2013, and March 31, 2015, in our unit for suspected or confirmed methicillin-resistant
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Monitoreo de Drogas/métodos , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Vancomicina/uso terapéutico , Administración Intravenosa , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Masculino , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/etiología , Vancomicina/administración & dosificación , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) a case-control study was conducted in the Nephrology Department of Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia, for a 1-year period. METHODS: All patients with baseline renal insufficiency hospitalized for AKI were considered as cases. They were compared with control patients with CKD. A conditional logistic regression model was used to identify independent risk factors for AKI in patients with CKD. RESULTS: A total of 58 cases were compared with 114 control subjects. In multivariable models, baseline diabetes, cardiopathy disease, and exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were independent risk factors for AKI in patients with CKD. However, exposure to calcium channel blockers (CCBs) was associated with decreased risk for AKI on CKD (OR = 0.4; CI 95%: 0.2 - 0.8, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CKD may benefit from more aggressive cardiovascular screening to prevent episodes of acute kidney injury. More efforts should be made to prevent prescription drug abuse and to demonstrate the role of CCBs in renal protection in these patients.