RESUMEN
We present a 67 year old male patient who underwent VATS right upper lobectomy with en bloc chest wall resection and right lower lobe superior segmentectomy for atypical Ewing Sarcoma. Serial chest CT scan done more than two years after the initial resection showed a new filling defect in the right upper pulmonary artery stump. A repeat chest CT scan after three months of oral anticoagulation showed complete resolution of the filling defect.
RESUMEN
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HSP) is characterized by the triad of advanced liver disease, arterial hypoxemia, and intrapulmonary vascular dilatation. Most cases of HSP are associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension; however, it has also been reported in acute liver failure patients. An estimated prevalence of HPS in patients with chronic liver disease is around 5-32%. Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder with noncaseating granulomas involving the lungs in 90% of cases. Sarcoidosis can involve the liver but in only about 1% of cases does it lead to cirrhosis and portal hypertension. In this review, we report a rare case of liver cirrhosis due to sarcoidosis with associated hepatopulmonary syndrome and discuss this in detail.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome Hepatopulmonar/complicaciones , Hipoxia/etiología , Hepatopatías/complicaciones , Hepatopatías/patología , Sarcoidosis/complicaciones , Sarcoidosis/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/etiología , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Three cases are presented in which patients were using opioids as required for nonmalignant pain management and significant central sleep apnea developed. Patients in the first two cases had no evidence of sleep-related breathing disorders on polysomnography until they ingested an opioid for treatment of chronic pain during the night and severe central sleep apnea developed. The patient in our third case had established obstructive sleep apnea but experienced a significant number of central events after the ingestion of an opioid analgesic, leading to worsening severity of his underlying sleep-related breathing disorder. CONCLUSION: The short-term ingestion of opioid analgesics can precipitate central sleep apnea in patients with chronic pain receiving long-term opiate therapy who otherwise show no evidence of central sleep apnea and have no cardiac or neurologic disease that would predispose them to central sleep apnea.