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Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital bronchopulmonary malformation with an estimated incidence of less than 6%. It is described as the abnormal formation of nonfunctional lung tissue that receives its blood supply from systemic circulation rather than the bronchial tree. Most are unilateral, while a miniscule proportion is bilateral. Delayed diagnosis can result in recurrent pneumonia, failure to thrive, regular hospital visits, morbidity and even fatality. Thus, it is important to raise awareness of this condition. Herein, we present a case of a 42-year-old patient with bilateral pulmonary sequestration (BPS) on a triple rule out CT angiography (TRO-CTA).

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Many radiology departments have successfully increased trainee research involvement by providing protected academic time for research, offering travel funding for conferences, and developing research-focused curriculum via resident research tracks and other mechanisms. A departmental platform for trainees to share their scholarly projects can foster intradepartmental awareness and collaborations, supplement the existing resident research curriculum, encourage peer learning amongst trainees, and allow departmental celebration of their trainees' accomplishments. The authors describe the development of a departmental symposium for resident scholarly activity at their institution and detail a practical framework for implementation and lessons learned, which may serve as a guide for other radiology departments interested in establishing a similar event.

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PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of 18F-FDG-PET in the diagnosis of multibacterial abdominal sepsis by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats. METHODS: Adult Wistar rats ( Rattus norvegicus ), weighing 227±35g, were allocated into a sepsis group by CLP (n=10) and sham group (n=10). 18F-FDG-PET using microPET was performed on all rats after 24 hours. RESULTS: All animals survived for postoperative 24h. The abdomen/liver ratio of the standardized uptake value (SUV) percentage was significantly higher in the sepsis group than in the sham (p=0.004). The ROC curve showed an accuracy of 18F-FDG-PET to detect abdominal sepsis of 88.9% (p=0.001), sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 88.9%. When a cut-off point of 79% of the ratio between the SUV on the abdominal region and liver was established, the sensitivity was 90%, specificity of 88.9%; positive and negative predictive values of 90.0% and 88.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG-PET in rats with abdominal sepsis was significantly high. It was also demonstrated the predictive ability of the abdomen/liver SUV ratio to diagnose abdominal sepsis. These findings may have implications for the clinical setting, locating septic foci with PETscan.

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Abstract Purpose The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of 18F-FDG-PET in the diagnosis of multibacterial abdominal sepsis by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats. Methods Adult Wistar rats ( Rattus norvegicus ), weighing 227±35g, were allocated into a sepsis group by CLP (n=10) and sham group (n=10). 18F-FDG-PET using microPET was performed on all rats after 24 hours. Results All animals survived for postoperative 24h. The abdomen/liver ratio of the standardized uptake value (SUV) percentage was significantly higher in the sepsis group than in the sham (p=0.004). The ROC curve showed an accuracy of 18F-FDG-PET to detect abdominal sepsis of 88.9% (p=0.001), sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 88.9%. When a cut-off point of 79% of the ratio between the SUV on the abdominal region and liver was established, the sensitivity was 90%, specificity of 88.9%; positive and negative predictive values of 90.0% and 88.9%, respectively. Conclusions The diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG-PET in rats with abdominal sepsis was significantly high. It was also demonstrated the predictive ability of the abdomen/liver SUV ratio to diagnose abdominal sepsis. These findings may have implications for the clinical setting, locating septic foci with PETscan.

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Coronary artery fistulas are rare and are most often diagnosed by echocardiography or by cine-angiocardiography. However, the computed tomography angiography (CTA) of coronary arteries has been gaining ground. The incidence of this disease is very low, with a more frequent occurrence of fistulas originating in the right coronary artery. There is a higher incidence of coronary artery fistulas to right heart chambers, with coronary artery fistulas to the left ventricle (LV) being rare. Treatment can be surgical or percutaneous. This report describes a case of coronary fistula to left ventricle diagnosed by CT angiography of coronary arteries in a hypertensive and asymptomatic 46-year-old male, who was tested positive for ischemia in an exercise test. The CT angiography ruled out coronary obstructive disease, but it revealed a coronary fistula to the left ventricular cavity.

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Fístulas de artérias coronárias são raras, sendo diagnosticadas mais frequentemente pelo ecocardiograma ou pela cineangiocoronariografia, entretanto, a angiotomografia computadorizada (angio-TC) das coronárias ganha espaço. Essa patologia apresenta incidência baixíssima, sendo as fístulas originadas da coronária direita mais frequentes. Fístulas coronarianas para câmaras cardíacas direitas são mais incidentes, sendo raras para o ventrículo esquerdo (VE). O tratamento pode ser cirúrgico ou percutâneo. Este relato descreve caso de fístula coronariana para VE diagnosticada pela angio-TC das coronárias em homem de 46 anos, hipertenso, assintomático com teste ergométrico positivo para isquemia. Angio-TC de coronárias descartou doença obstrutiva, porém revelou fístula coronariana conectando-se com cavidade ventricular esquerda.

Coronary artery fistulas are rare and are most often diagnosed by echocardiography or by cine-angiocardiography. However, the computed tomography angiography (CTA) of coronary arteries has been gaining ground. The incidence of this disease is very low, with a more frequent occurrence of fistulas originating in the right coronary artery. There is a higher incidence of coronary artery fistulas to right heart chambers, with coronary artery fistulas to the left ventricle (LV) being rare. Treatment can be surgical or percutaneous. This report describes a case of coronary fistula to left ventricle diagnosed by CT angiography of coronary arteries in a hypertensive and asymptomatic 46-year-old male, who was tested positive for ischemia in an exercise test. The CT angiography ruled out coronary obstructive disease, but it revealed a coronary fistula to the left ventricular cavity.

Fístulas de arterias coronarias son raras, siendo diagnosticadas más frecuentemente por el ecocardiograma o por la cineangiocoronariografía, entre tanto, la angiotomografía computarizada (angio-TC) de las coronarias gana espacio. Esa patología presenta incidencia bajísima, siendo las fístulas originadas de la coronaria derecha más frecuentes. Fístulas coronarias para cámaras cardíacas derechas son más incidentes, siendo raras para el ventrículo izquierdo (VI). El tratamiento puede ser quirúrgico o percutáneo. Este relato describe caso de fístula coronaria para VI diagnosticada por la angio-TC de las coronarias en hombre de 46 años, hipertenso, asintomático con test ergométrico positivo para isquemia. Angio-TC de coronarias descartó enfermedad obstructiva, sin embargo reveló fístula coronaria conectándose con cavidad ventricular izquierda.

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Objetivo: Tem sido demonstrado que a icterícia obstrutiva provoca depressão do sistema imunológico, mudança no padrão de colonização bacteriana dos intestinos e passagem de bactérias da luz intestinal para a circulação porta e sistêmica. Estudo experimental em ratos procurou observar a possibilidade de translocação bacteriana para os pulmões após a ligadura do colédoco. Método: Foram utilizados 20 ratos Wistar pesando de 178 a 215g, separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos iguais. Nos ratos do grupo I foi feita a ligadura do colédoco e nos do grupo II apenas a manipulação do colédoco com pinça atraumática (sham operation). No sétimo dia de observação os animais foram mortos com superdose de anestésico, sangue foi colhido para dosagem de bilirrubinas e os pulmões ressecados sob condições assépticas. Metade de cada pulmão foi homogeneizada e semeada em meios de cultura ágar McConkey e ágar sangue. A outra metade serviu para exame histopatológico - coloração hematoxilina e eosina. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste t, com significância 0,05. Resultados: Revelaram bilirrubina total em média 18,7ñ3,6 no grupo I e 0,7ñ0,2 no grupo II. No grupo I foram isoladas colônias de Klebsiela sp nos pulmões de 30 por cento dos animais e E. coli em 20 por cento, e os escores histopatológicos atingiram a média 6,2ñ2,08. No grupo II não foram detectadas bactérias nos pulmões e os escores do exame histopatológico atingiram 1,8ñ1,16. A diferença dos dados analisados mostrou-se significativa (p<0,05). Conclusões: Concluiu-se que a icterícia obstrutiva por ligadura do colédoco em ratos provocou translocação de germes Gram-negativos para os pulmões e resultou em alterações histopatológicas significativas

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